2021 |
Adamčíková, K; Jánošíková, Z; Adamčík, S; Ostrovský, R; Pastirčáková, K; Kobza, M; Ondrušková, E Host range, genetic variability, and mating types of Lecanosticta acicola in Slovakia Journal Article Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 36 (5), pp. 325-332, 2021, ISSN: 0282-7581. @article{Adamčíková2021b, title = {Host range, genetic variability, and mating types of \textit{Lecanosticta acicola} in Slovakia}, author = {K. Adamčíková and Z. Jánošíková and S. Adamčík and R. Ostrovský and K. Pastirčáková and M. Kobza and E. Ondrušková}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2021.1941236}, doi = {10.1080/02827581.2021.1941236}, issn = {0282-7581}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-07-16}, journal = {Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research}, volume = {36}, number = {5}, pages = {325-332}, abstract = {In recent years, there has been an apparent Europe-wide emerging presence of brown spot needle blight, a disease of pine species caused by the fungus Lecanosticta acicola. In this study, we report the first well-documented occurrences of the pathogen in Slovakia, identified molecularly using species-specific primers and based on sequencing of the ITS region and TEF1 gene. Among the material collected from 84 locations within the country, L. acicola was present in 17 samples from 13 different locations, mainly distributed in urban environments. Four pine species were identified as hosts, among which, Pinus nigra and P. mugo were found to be the most frequently infected. Analysis of the mating type genes of 24 isolates obtained from two localities revealed the presence of a single mating type in Slovakia. All analyzed ITS sequences of the Slovak isolates were found to be uniform. However, although analysis of the TEF1 gene indicated that all Slovak isolates could be grouped into a single lineage, we detected nucleotide polymorphisms suggestive of a certain degree of genetic diversification within central European populations of the fungus.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In recent years, there has been an apparent Europe-wide emerging presence of brown spot needle blight, a disease of pine species caused by the fungus Lecanosticta acicola. In this study, we report the first well-documented occurrences of the pathogen in Slovakia, identified molecularly using species-specific primers and based on sequencing of the ITS region and TEF1 gene. Among the material collected from 84 locations within the country, L. acicola was present in 17 samples from 13 different locations, mainly distributed in urban environments. Four pine species were identified as hosts, among which, Pinus nigra and P. mugo were found to be the most frequently infected. Analysis of the mating type genes of 24 isolates obtained from two localities revealed the presence of a single mating type in Slovakia. All analyzed ITS sequences of the Slovak isolates were found to be uniform. However, although analysis of the TEF1 gene indicated that all Slovak isolates could be grouped into a single lineage, we detected nucleotide polymorphisms suggestive of a certain degree of genetic diversification within central European populations of the fungus. |
Pastirčáková, K; Adamčík, S; Adamčíková, K; Chater, A O Erysiphe hypophylla, a second powdery mildew (Erysiphales) on oaks in Britain Journal Article Field Mycology, 22 (2), pp. 50-54, 2021, ISSN: 1468-1641. @article{Pastirčáková2021b, title = {\textit{Erysiphe hypophylla}, a second powdery mildew (\textit{Erysiphales}) on oaks in Britain}, author = {K. Pastirčáková and S. Adamčík and K. Adamčíková and A.O. Chater}, doi = {10.1016/j.fldmyc.2021.04.008}, issn = {1468-1641}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-04-20}, journal = {Field Mycology}, volume = {22}, number = {2}, pages = {50-54}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Pastirčáková, K; Adamčíková, K; Bacigálová, K; Caboň, M; Mikušová, P; Senko, D; Svitok, M; Adamčík, S Ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in urban greenery as possible invasion gates of non-native Phyllactinia species Journal Article Forests, 12 (2), pp. 1-16, Article ID 183, 2021, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Pastirčáková2021, title = {Ash trees (\textit{Fraxinus} spp.) in urban greenery as possible invasion gates of non-native \textit{Phyllactinia} species}, author = {K. Pastirčáková and K. Adamčíková and K. Bacigálová and M. Caboň and P. Mikušová and D. Senko and M. Svitok and S. Adamčík}, doi = {10.3390/f12020183}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-02-06}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {12}, number = {2}, pages = {1-16, Article ID 183}, abstract = {Two Phyllactinia species have been associated with powdery mildew on leaves of ash trees (Fraxinus) in Eurasia, Phyllactinia fraxinicola U. Braun & H.D. Shin from Southeast Asia and Phyllactinia fraxini (DC.) Fuss from Europe. Non-native ash trees are planted in urban greeneries in both Europe and Southeast Asia, but so far, the two Phyllactinia species have not been reported from the same area. Our molecular analysis of European material consisting of 55 Phyllactinia specimens from 15 countries confirmed the absence of P. fraxinicola in Europe. In Europe, we confirmed P. fraxini on all three European native ash species and on the introduced Asian ash species, Fraxinus chinensis ssp. rhynchophylla (Hance) A.E. Murray and Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., planted in arboreta. Among the 11 collections examined from Southeast Asia, 3 were identified as P. fraxini and 8 as P. fraxinicola. The environmental niches of the two Phyllactinia species do not show significant overlap in the multidimensional space defined by bioclimatic variables. This suggests that the Asian species P. fraxinicola is not adapted to conditions prevailing in most of Europe and does not represent an invasive threat across the continent. Models of the potential distribution of Phyllactinia species do not overlap in Europe, but there are some areas to the northwest that could be susceptible to invasion by P. fraxinicola.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Two Phyllactinia species have been associated with powdery mildew on leaves of ash trees (Fraxinus) in Eurasia, Phyllactinia fraxinicola U. Braun & H.D. Shin from Southeast Asia and Phyllactinia fraxini (DC.) Fuss from Europe. Non-native ash trees are planted in urban greeneries in both Europe and Southeast Asia, but so far, the two Phyllactinia species have not been reported from the same area. Our molecular analysis of European material consisting of 55 Phyllactinia specimens from 15 countries confirmed the absence of P. fraxinicola in Europe. In Europe, we confirmed P. fraxini on all three European native ash species and on the introduced Asian ash species, Fraxinus chinensis ssp. rhynchophylla (Hance) A.E. Murray and Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., planted in arboreta. Among the 11 collections examined from Southeast Asia, 3 were identified as P. fraxini and 8 as P. fraxinicola. The environmental niches of the two Phyllactinia species do not show significant overlap in the multidimensional space defined by bioclimatic variables. This suggests that the Asian species P. fraxinicola is not adapted to conditions prevailing in most of Europe and does not represent an invasive threat across the continent. Models of the potential distribution of Phyllactinia species do not overlap in Europe, but there are some areas to the northwest that could be susceptible to invasion by P. fraxinicola. |
2020 |
Vastag, Erna; Orlović, Saša; Konôpková, Alena; Kurjak, Daniel; Cocozza, Claudia; Pšidová, Eva; Lapin, Katharina; Kesić, Lazar; Stojnić, Srdan Magnolia grandiflora L. shows better responses to drought than Magnolia × soulangeana in urban environment Journal Article iFOREST - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 13 (6), pp. 575-583, 2020, ISSN: 1971-7458. @article{Vastag2020, title = {\textit{Magnolia grandiflora} L. shows better responses to drought than \textit{Magnolia × soulangeana} in urban environment}, author = {Erna Vastag and Saša Orlović and Alena Konôpková and Daniel Kurjak and Claudia Cocozza and Eva Pšidová and Katharina Lapin and Lazar Kesić and Srdan Stojnić}, doi = {10.3832/ifor3596-013}, issn = {1971-7458}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-12-07}, journal = {iFOREST - Biogeosciences and Forestry}, volume = {13}, number = {6}, pages = {575-583}, abstract = {Drought tolerance is becoming an increasingly important criterion for the selection of tree species, especially in urban areas characterized by low water availability. Apart from drought tolerance, the introduction of non-native species should be considered for new planting programs under such conditions to enhance the resilience of urban forests. The present study is aimed at evaluating the in situ physiological responses of Magnolia grandiflora and Magnolia × soulangeana to severe drought that frequently occurs in urban environments in the Southeastern Europe. Transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, water-use efficiency and intrinsic water-use efficiency showed notable differences both between species and between the measured periods (wet and dry). Among the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, effective photochemical quantum yield of PS II, quantum yield of light-induced non-photochemical fluorescence quenching, quantum yield of non-regulated heat dissipation, fluorescence emission and index of susceptibility of leaves to light stress revealed significant differences both between the two species and the periods of measurements. The reduction of net photosynthesis in both magnolia species occurs as the result of non-stomatal limitation obtained by the reduction of electron transport rate coupled with simultaneous increase in intercellular CO2 concentration. Moreover, M. grandiflora was the species less vulnerable to water shortage conditions, while M. soulangeana exhibited a photosynthetic capacity sensitive to drought-induced stress. M. grandiflora can therefore be considered as a promising alternative to M. soulangeana for urban sites under the predicted climate change scenarios.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Drought tolerance is becoming an increasingly important criterion for the selection of tree species, especially in urban areas characterized by low water availability. Apart from drought tolerance, the introduction of non-native species should be considered for new planting programs under such conditions to enhance the resilience of urban forests. The present study is aimed at evaluating the in situ physiological responses of Magnolia grandiflora and Magnolia × soulangeana to severe drought that frequently occurs in urban environments in the Southeastern Europe. Transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, water-use efficiency and intrinsic water-use efficiency showed notable differences both between species and between the measured periods (wet and dry). Among the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, effective photochemical quantum yield of PS II, quantum yield of light-induced non-photochemical fluorescence quenching, quantum yield of non-regulated heat dissipation, fluorescence emission and index of susceptibility of leaves to light stress revealed significant differences both between the two species and the periods of measurements. The reduction of net photosynthesis in both magnolia species occurs as the result of non-stomatal limitation obtained by the reduction of electron transport rate coupled with simultaneous increase in intercellular CO2 concentration. Moreover, M. grandiflora was the species less vulnerable to water shortage conditions, while M. soulangeana exhibited a photosynthetic capacity sensitive to drought-induced stress. M. grandiflora can therefore be considered as a promising alternative to M. soulangeana for urban sites under the predicted climate change scenarios. |
Adamčíková, K; Jánošíková, Z; Pažitný, J Inhibition effect of selected inorganic metal ions on the mycelial growth of Cryphonectria parasitica Journal Article Journal of Plant Protection Research, 60 (4), pp. 399-405, 2020, ISSN: 1427-4345. @article{Adamčíková2020, title = {Inhibition effect of selected inorganic metal ions on the mycelial growth of Cryphonectria parasitica}, author = {K. Adamčíková and Z. Jánošíková and J. Pažitný}, doi = {DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2020.134915}, issn = {1427-4345}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-12-02}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection Research}, volume = {60}, number = {4}, pages = {399-405}, abstract = {In the current study the antifungal activity of inorganic reagents was tested against Cryphonectria parasitica in vitro in a mycelial growth inhibition test. Three reagents, each consisting of chloride silver (AgCl) in combination with (1) aluminum oxide, (2) zinc oxide − ZnO, and (3) aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide were tested. Significant differences of the tested reagents on the growth of C. parasitica were recorded. The study demonstrated that silver in mixture with ZnO had an antifungal effect and significantly reduced the mycelial growth of C. parasitica in vitro. The mixture of AgCl with the other two combinations of inorganic metal oxides had no inhibition effect on the growth of the pathogen. It was confirmed that ZnO (applied in a single compound test) is responsible for inhibition of C. parasitica mycelium growth. A preliminary in planta assay was performed but statistically significant differences were not recorded in the average increment of canker length.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In the current study the antifungal activity of inorganic reagents was tested against Cryphonectria parasitica in vitro in a mycelial growth inhibition test. Three reagents, each consisting of chloride silver (AgCl) in combination with (1) aluminum oxide, (2) zinc oxide − ZnO, and (3) aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide were tested. Significant differences of the tested reagents on the growth of C. parasitica were recorded. The study demonstrated that silver in mixture with ZnO had an antifungal effect and significantly reduced the mycelial growth of C. parasitica in vitro. The mixture of AgCl with the other two combinations of inorganic metal oxides had no inhibition effect on the growth of the pathogen. It was confirmed that ZnO (applied in a single compound test) is responsible for inhibition of C. parasitica mycelium growth. A preliminary in planta assay was performed but statistically significant differences were not recorded in the average increment of canker length. |
Jamnická, Gabriela; Konôpková, Alena; Fleischer, Peter; Kurjak, Daniel; Petrík, Peter; Petek, Anja; Húdoková, Hana; Fleischer, Peter; Homolová, Zuzana; Ježík, Marek; Ditmarová, Ľubica Physiological vitality of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park Journal Article Central European Forestry Journal, 66 (4), pp. 227-242, 2020, ISBN: 2454-034X. @article{Jamnická2020, title = {Physiological vitality of Norway spruce (\textit{Picea abies} L.) stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park}, author = {Gabriela Jamnická and Alena Konôpková and Peter Fleischer and Daniel Kurjak and Peter Petrík and Anja Petek and Hana Húdoková and Peter Fleischer and Zuzana Homolová and Marek Ježík and Ľubica Ditmarová}, doi = {10.2478/forj-2020-0019}, isbn = {2454-034X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-12-02}, journal = {Central European Forestry Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {4}, pages = {227-242}, abstract = {Nowadays, a large area of Norway spruce forest stands in Europe is disturbed by windstorm and, subsequently, bark beetle outbreaks. We investigated the state of three disturbed spruce stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park (Slovakia) through various physiological processes. Tree-growth characteristics, the mineral nutrition in the needles, and photosynthetic efficiency were assessed. Two techniques of chlorophyll a fluorescence and analyses of assimilatory pigments were used to detect the changes in photosynthesis functioning. Also, the heat sensitivity of photosystem II was tested. Our results showed that these stands are located in nutrient-poor environments. We recorded similar contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc, and iron in all stands. Down the vertical transect, the contents of calcium, magnesium, and manganese significantly decreased and the non-essential aluminium increased. Based on stem circumference measurements, water deficit occurred during the vegetation season in all stands, but with the smallest magnitude highest U–stand. We found some photosynthetic constraints: slightly lower chlorophyll contents in all stands were recorded; however, seasonal dynamics with increasing chlorophyll concentration in the highest U–stand were observed. Moreover, the photochemistry of the lowest D–stand was the most negatively influenced by simulated heat, as the photosynthetic performance index, and the density of the active reactions centres significantly decreased and the values of the K–step and basal fluorescence increased. Therefore, we can conclude the different levels of physiological vitality in these naturally damaged spruce stands, with the best physiological performance of the trees in the highest stand.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nowadays, a large area of Norway spruce forest stands in Europe is disturbed by windstorm and, subsequently, bark beetle outbreaks. We investigated the state of three disturbed spruce stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park (Slovakia) through various physiological processes. Tree-growth characteristics, the mineral nutrition in the needles, and photosynthetic efficiency were assessed. Two techniques of chlorophyll a fluorescence and analyses of assimilatory pigments were used to detect the changes in photosynthesis functioning. Also, the heat sensitivity of photosystem II was tested. Our results showed that these stands are located in nutrient-poor environments. We recorded similar contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc, and iron in all stands. Down the vertical transect, the contents of calcium, magnesium, and manganese significantly decreased and the non-essential aluminium increased. Based on stem circumference measurements, water deficit occurred during the vegetation season in all stands, but with the smallest magnitude highest U–stand. We found some photosynthetic constraints: slightly lower chlorophyll contents in all stands were recorded; however, seasonal dynamics with increasing chlorophyll concentration in the highest U–stand were observed. Moreover, the photochemistry of the lowest D–stand was the most negatively influenced by simulated heat, as the photosynthetic performance index, and the density of the active reactions centres significantly decreased and the values of the K–step and basal fluorescence increased. Therefore, we can conclude the different levels of physiological vitality in these naturally damaged spruce stands, with the best physiological performance of the trees in the highest stand. |
Hroššo, Branislav; Mezei, Pavel; Potterf, Mária; Majdák, Andrej; Blaženec, Miroslav; Korolyova, Nataliya; Jakuš, Rastislav Drivers of Spruce Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) Infestations on Downed Trees after Severe Windthrow Journal Article Forests, 11 , 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Hroššo2020, title = {Drivers of Spruce Bark Beetle (\textit{Ips typographus}) Infestations on Downed Trees after Severe Windthrow}, author = {Branislav Hroššo and Pavel Mezei and Mária Potterf and Andrej Majdák and Miroslav Blaženec and Nataliya Korolyova and Rastislav Jakuš}, doi = {10.3390/f11121290}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-30}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, abstract = {Research Highlights: Bark beetles are important agents of disturbance regimes in temperate forests, and specifically in a connected wind-bark beetle disturbance system. Large-scale windthrows trigger population growth of the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) from endemic to epidemic levels, thereby allowing the killing of Norway spruce trees over several consecutive years. Background and Objectives: There is a lack of evidence to differentiate how outbreaks are promoted by the effects of environmental variables versus beetle preferences of trees from endemic to outbreak. However, little is known about how individual downed-tree characteristics and local conditions such as tree orientation and solar radiation affect beetle colonization of downed trees. Materials and Methods: To answer this question, we investigated the infestation rates and determined tree death categories (uprooted, broken, and stump) in wind-damaged areas in Western Tatra Mts. in Carpathians (Slovakia) from 2014–2016, following a windthrow in May 2014. In total, we investigated 225 trees over eight transects. For every tree, we measured its morphological (tree height, crown characteristics), environmental (solar radiation, terrain conditions, trunk zenith), temporal (time since wind damage), and beetle infestation (presence, location of attack, bark desiccation) parameters. We applied Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) to unravel the main drivers of I. typographus infestations. Results: Over the first year, beetles preferred to attack broken trees and sun-exposed trunk sides over uprooted trees; the infestation on shaded sides started in the second year along with the infestation of uprooted trees with lower desiccation rates. We found that time since wind damage, stem length, and incident solar radiation increased the probability of beetle infestation, although both solar radiation and trunk zenith exhibited nonlinear variability. Our novel variable trunk zenith appeared to be an important predictor of bark beetle infestation probability. We conclude that trunk zenith as a simple measure defining the position of downed trees over the terrain can anticipate beetle infestation. Conclusions: Our findings contribute to understanding of the bark beetle’s preferences to colonize windthrown trees in the initial years after the primary wind damage. Further, our findings can help to identify trees that are most susceptible to beetle infestation and to prioritize management actions to control beetle population while maintaining biodiversity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Research Highlights: Bark beetles are important agents of disturbance regimes in temperate forests, and specifically in a connected wind-bark beetle disturbance system. Large-scale windthrows trigger population growth of the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) from endemic to epidemic levels, thereby allowing the killing of Norway spruce trees over several consecutive years. Background and Objectives: There is a lack of evidence to differentiate how outbreaks are promoted by the effects of environmental variables versus beetle preferences of trees from endemic to outbreak. However, little is known about how individual downed-tree characteristics and local conditions such as tree orientation and solar radiation affect beetle colonization of downed trees. Materials and Methods: To answer this question, we investigated the infestation rates and determined tree death categories (uprooted, broken, and stump) in wind-damaged areas in Western Tatra Mts. in Carpathians (Slovakia) from 2014–2016, following a windthrow in May 2014. In total, we investigated 225 trees over eight transects. For every tree, we measured its morphological (tree height, crown characteristics), environmental (solar radiation, terrain conditions, trunk zenith), temporal (time since wind damage), and beetle infestation (presence, location of attack, bark desiccation) parameters. We applied Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) to unravel the main drivers of I. typographus infestations. Results: Over the first year, beetles preferred to attack broken trees and sun-exposed trunk sides over uprooted trees; the infestation on shaded sides started in the second year along with the infestation of uprooted trees with lower desiccation rates. We found that time since wind damage, stem length, and incident solar radiation increased the probability of beetle infestation, although both solar radiation and trunk zenith exhibited nonlinear variability. Our novel variable trunk zenith appeared to be an important predictor of bark beetle infestation probability. We conclude that trunk zenith as a simple measure defining the position of downed trees over the terrain can anticipate beetle infestation. Conclusions: Our findings contribute to understanding of the bark beetle’s preferences to colonize windthrown trees in the initial years after the primary wind damage. Further, our findings can help to identify trees that are most susceptible to beetle infestation and to prioritize management actions to control beetle population while maintaining biodiversity. |
Ferus, Peter; Hoťka, Peter; Košútová, Dominika; Konôpková, Jana Invasions of alien woody plant taxa across a cluster of villages neighbouring the Mlyňany Arboretum (SW Slovakia) Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 121-130, 2020. @article{Ferus2020, title = {Invasions of alien woody plant taxa across a cluster of villages neighbouring the Mlyňany Arboretum (SW Slovakia)}, author = {Peter Ferus and Peter Hoťka and Dominika Košútová and Jana Konôpková}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/foecol-2020-0005.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0014}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-24}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {47}, number = {2}, pages = {121-130}, abstract = {Ornamental plantations in cities and particularly botanical gardens and arboreta are rich sources of alien flora. Mlyňany Arboretum, established in 1892, cultivates 1049 non-native woody plant species on the area of 67 ha. In this work we answered following questions: 1. How many taxa are spontaneously spreading in the arboretum and how is the spreading intensity related to their ecological demands and reproduction traits? 2. How many taxa appear behind the fence? 3. How far from the arboretum they can get? 4. Do private gardens and historical aristocratic park in the studied village cluster contribute to species escapes from culture? 5. Which from the widely spread taxa can represent future risk of invasiveness on the national level? We found that about one tenth of taxa spread across the arboretum (particularly Cotoneaster spp., Prunus laurocerasus, P. serotina and Quercus rubra) and number of their seedlings corresponded only with the mother plant number. Almost one third of these species left the arboretum and their seedlings were observed in distance up to 500 m from the village (mainly Mahonia aquifolium, P. serotina). Private gardens were a large source of Juglans regia seedlings, frequency of which decreased with the distance from villages (no species escaped from the historical park). Weed risk assessment revealed potential invasion danger only for Amorpha fruticosa.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Ornamental plantations in cities and particularly botanical gardens and arboreta are rich sources of alien flora. Mlyňany Arboretum, established in 1892, cultivates 1049 non-native woody plant species on the area of 67 ha. In this work we answered following questions: 1. How many taxa are spontaneously spreading in the arboretum and how is the spreading intensity related to their ecological demands and reproduction traits? 2. How many taxa appear behind the fence? 3. How far from the arboretum they can get? 4. Do private gardens and historical aristocratic park in the studied village cluster contribute to species escapes from culture? 5. Which from the widely spread taxa can represent future risk of invasiveness on the national level? We found that about one tenth of taxa spread across the arboretum (particularly Cotoneaster spp., Prunus laurocerasus, P. serotina and Quercus rubra) and number of their seedlings corresponded only with the mother plant number. Almost one third of these species left the arboretum and their seedlings were observed in distance up to 500 m from the village (mainly Mahonia aquifolium, P. serotina). Private gardens were a large source of Juglans regia seedlings, frequency of which decreased with the distance from villages (no species escaped from the historical park). Weed risk assessment revealed potential invasion danger only for Amorpha fruticosa. |
Zach, Peter; Holecová, Milada; Brabec, Marek; Hollá, Katarína; Šebestová, Miroslava; Martinková, Zdenka; Skuhrovec, Jiří; Honěk, Alois; Nedvěd, Oldřich; Holec, Juraj; Brown, Peter M J; Saniga, Miroslav; Jauschová, Terézia; Kulfan, Ján Scots pine forest in Central Europe as a habitat for Harmonia axyridis: temporal and spatial patterns in the population of an alien ladybird Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 81–88, 2020. @article{Zach2020, title = {Scots pine forest in Central Europe as a habitat for Harmonia axyridis: temporal and spatial patterns in the population of an alien ladybird}, author = {Peter Zach and Milada Holecová and Marek Brabec and Katarína Hollá and Miroslava Šebestová and Zdenka Martinková and Jiří Skuhrovec and Alois Honěk and Oldřich Nedvěd and Juraj Holec and Peter M.J. Brown and Miroslav Saniga and Terézia Jauschová and Ján Kulfan}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/foecol-2020-0001.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0010}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-24}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {47}, number = {2}, pages = {81–88}, abstract = {Understanding of habitat favourability has wide relevance to the invasion biology of alien species. We studied the seasonal dynamics of the alien ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in monoculture Scots pine forest stands in south-west Slovakia, Central Europe, from April 2013 to March 2015. Adult H. axyridis were collected monthly across seven randomly selected pine stands of different ages and canopy closure, from the lower branches of pine trees, and larvae were recorded qualitatively. Adults were recorded all year round, most abundantly in November and least abundantly in February. The relationship between the abundance of H. axyridis and selected forest stand characteristics was modelled using the negative binomial Generalized Additive Model with penalized spline component in month (seasonality) effect, year, canopy closure and age effects and the random effect of forest stand (sample area effect). The abundance of H. axyridis was significantly influenced by the age of stand and seasonality (with month granularity) for both closed and open canopy stands, whereas the effects of canopy closure and sample area were not significant. The bimodal pattern of seasonal dynamics of H. axyridis on Scots pine was common for closed and open canopy stands, with two peaks reflecting the cyclic movement of the species from and to overwintering sites. Harmonia axyridis utilized certain pine stands preferably for foraging during the growing season and certain stands for refuge during winter. The ladybirds were found in highest numbers in the 15 year old closed canopy stand (overwintering site). The occurrence of both adults and larvae in most stands indicated a suitability of Scots pine forest for ladybird breeding. The model of year-round dynamics of H. axyridis has been presented for the first time within the invaded range of the ladybird in Europe.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Understanding of habitat favourability has wide relevance to the invasion biology of alien species. We studied the seasonal dynamics of the alien ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in monoculture Scots pine forest stands in south-west Slovakia, Central Europe, from April 2013 to March 2015. Adult H. axyridis were collected monthly across seven randomly selected pine stands of different ages and canopy closure, from the lower branches of pine trees, and larvae were recorded qualitatively. Adults were recorded all year round, most abundantly in November and least abundantly in February. The relationship between the abundance of H. axyridis and selected forest stand characteristics was modelled using the negative binomial Generalized Additive Model with penalized spline component in month (seasonality) effect, year, canopy closure and age effects and the random effect of forest stand (sample area effect). The abundance of H. axyridis was significantly influenced by the age of stand and seasonality (with month granularity) for both closed and open canopy stands, whereas the effects of canopy closure and sample area were not significant. The bimodal pattern of seasonal dynamics of H. axyridis on Scots pine was common for closed and open canopy stands, with two peaks reflecting the cyclic movement of the species from and to overwintering sites. Harmonia axyridis utilized certain pine stands preferably for foraging during the growing season and certain stands for refuge during winter. The ladybirds were found in highest numbers in the 15 year old closed canopy stand (overwintering site). The occurrence of both adults and larvae in most stands indicated a suitability of Scots pine forest for ladybird breeding. The model of year-round dynamics of H. axyridis has been presented for the first time within the invaded range of the ladybird in Europe. |
Slezák, Michal; Farkašovská, Štefánia; Hrivnák, Richard Non-native plant species in alder-dominated forests in Slovakia: what does the regional- and the local-scale approach bring? Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 100–108, 2020. @article{Slezák2020, title = {Non-native plant species in alder-dominated forests in Slovakia: what does the regional- and the local-scale approach bring?}, author = {Michal Slezák and Štefánia Farkašovská and Richard Hrivnák}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/foecol-2020-0003.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0012}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-24}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {47}, number = {2}, pages = {100–108}, abstract = {European riparian forests are in general susceptible to plant invasions compared to other natural forest habitats. Their descriptive vegetation overviews with phytosociological affiliation contain detail insight into species composition patterns at various geographical scales, but quantitative assessment of the relationship between non-native plant richness and measured environmental variables is still scarce. We used two vegetation datasets of alder-dominated forests to analyse plant invasion patterns in the Pannonian and the Carpathian region of Slovakia. A large dataset of 918 vegetation plots was used at the regional scale, whereas 40 vegetation plots completed by ecological (mainly soil, climatic) predictors were used at the local scale in order to determine how they shape non-native species richness. We found significant differences (P < 0.05) between the Pannonian and the Carpathian region in the number of non-native vascular plants at both scales, with altitude being the most important predictor. Generalized Linear Models accounted for 56.6% and 59.6% of alien species richness data in the Pannonian and Carpathian region, respectively. Alien richness was affected by altitude and soil pH in the Pannonian region, but only by altitude in the Carpathian region.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } European riparian forests are in general susceptible to plant invasions compared to other natural forest habitats. Their descriptive vegetation overviews with phytosociological affiliation contain detail insight into species composition patterns at various geographical scales, but quantitative assessment of the relationship between non-native plant richness and measured environmental variables is still scarce. We used two vegetation datasets of alder-dominated forests to analyse plant invasion patterns in the Pannonian and the Carpathian region of Slovakia. A large dataset of 918 vegetation plots was used at the regional scale, whereas 40 vegetation plots completed by ecological (mainly soil, climatic) predictors were used at the local scale in order to determine how they shape non-native species richness. We found significant differences (P < 0.05) between the Pannonian and the Carpathian region in the number of non-native vascular plants at both scales, with altitude being the most important predictor. Generalized Linear Models accounted for 56.6% and 59.6% of alien species richness data in the Pannonian and Carpathian region, respectively. Alien richness was affected by altitude and soil pH in the Pannonian region, but only by altitude in the Carpathian region. |
Ondrušková, Emília; Ostrovský, Radovan; Jánošíková, Zuzana; Adamčíková, Katarína; Kobza, Marek Selected climatic variables in Slovakia are favourable to the development of Dothistroma needle blight Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 144-152, 2020. @article{Ondrušková2020b, title = {Selected climatic variables in Slovakia are favourable to the development of Dothistroma needle blight}, author = {Emília Ondrušková and Radovan Ostrovský and Zuzana Jánošíková and Katarína Adamčíková and Marek Kobza}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/foecol-2020-0008.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0017}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-24}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {47}, number = {2}, pages = {144-152}, abstract = {Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is a disease of pine needles. It causes significant defoliation of affected trees; intensive attacks lead to damages of the whole stand. The relationship of trends in disease severity and intensity with climatic variables were studied in three Austrian pine plantations (Jahodná, Kálnica, Litava) during 2014–2018. During the monitoring period, the greatest variability in disease severity was observed in the top third of the crowns, which showed the highest correlation with the variants of the most important climatic conditions (temperature and relative humidity) tested. For the spread of DNB, based on statistical assessment, a higher number of intervals of environmentally favourable climatic conditions is crucial. Both Dothistroma species (D. septosporum and D. pini), which are causal agents of the disease, were identified in Jahodná. In Kálnica and Litava, only D. septosporum was present.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is a disease of pine needles. It causes significant defoliation of affected trees; intensive attacks lead to damages of the whole stand. The relationship of trends in disease severity and intensity with climatic variables were studied in three Austrian pine plantations (Jahodná, Kálnica, Litava) during 2014–2018. During the monitoring period, the greatest variability in disease severity was observed in the top third of the crowns, which showed the highest correlation with the variants of the most important climatic conditions (temperature and relative humidity) tested. For the spread of DNB, based on statistical assessment, a higher number of intervals of environmentally favourable climatic conditions is crucial. Both Dothistroma species (D. septosporum and D. pini), which are causal agents of the disease, were identified in Jahodná. In Kálnica and Litava, only D. septosporum was present. |
Kudrna, Jiri; Hnilicka, Frantisek; Kubes, Jan; Vachova, Pavla; Hnilickova, Helena; Kuklova, Margita Effect of Acetaminophen (APAP) on Physiological Indicators in Lactuca sativa Journal Article Life-Basel, 10 (11), 2020, ISSN: 2075-1729. @article{Kudrna2020, title = {Effect of Acetaminophen (APAP) on Physiological Indicators in \textit{Lactuca sativa}}, author = {Jiri Kudrna and Frantisek Hnilicka and Jan Kubes and Pavla Vachova and Helena Hnilickova and Margita Kuklova }, doi = {10.3390/life10110303}, issn = {2075-1729}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-23}, journal = {Life-Basel}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, abstract = {This study analyzes the effects of acetaminophen (APAP) as a contaminant on physiological characteristics of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.). Experiments were provided in an experimental greenhouse with semi-controlled conditions. The effect of different amounts of contaminant was evaluated by using regression analysis. Plants were grown in five concentrations of APAP: 0 µM, 5 µM, 50 µM, 500 µM, and 5 mM for 14 days in two variants, acute and chronic. The obtained results show that the monitored parameters were demonstrably influenced by the experimental variant. Plants are more sensitive to chronic contamination compared to acute. Significant (p < 0.05) deviation in photosynthesis and fluorescence was observed compared to the control in different variants. The highest doses of APAP reduced the intensity of photosynthesis by a maximum of more than 31% compared to the control. A reduction of 18% was observed for the fluorescence parameters. Pronounced correlation was described between chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield mainly under APAP conditions. The amount of chlorophyll was influenced by exposure to APAP.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study analyzes the effects of acetaminophen (APAP) as a contaminant on physiological characteristics of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.). Experiments were provided in an experimental greenhouse with semi-controlled conditions. The effect of different amounts of contaminant was evaluated by using regression analysis. Plants were grown in five concentrations of APAP: 0 µM, 5 µM, 50 µM, 500 µM, and 5 mM for 14 days in two variants, acute and chronic. The obtained results show that the monitored parameters were demonstrably influenced by the experimental variant. Plants are more sensitive to chronic contamination compared to acute. Significant (p < 0.05) deviation in photosynthesis and fluorescence was observed compared to the control in different variants. The highest doses of APAP reduced the intensity of photosynthesis by a maximum of more than 31% compared to the control. A reduction of 18% was observed for the fluorescence parameters. Pronounced correlation was described between chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield mainly under APAP conditions. The amount of chlorophyll was influenced by exposure to APAP. |
Nijnik, Maria; Kluvánková, Tatiana; Nijnik, Albert; Kopiy, Serhiy; Melnykovych, Mariana; Sarkki, Simo; Barlagne, Carla; Brnkaláková, Stanislava; Kopiy, Leonid; Fizyk, Igor; Miller, David Is There a Scope for Social Innovation in Ukrainian Forestry? Journal Article Sustainability, 12 , 2020, ISSN: 2071-1050. @article{Nijnik2020, title = {Is There a Scope for Social Innovation in Ukrainian Forestry?}, author = {Maria Nijnik and Tatiana Kluvánková and Albert Nijnik and Serhiy Kopiy and Mariana Melnykovych and Simo Sarkki and Carla Barlagne and Stanislava Brnkaláková and Leonid Kopiy and Igor Fizyk and David Miller}, doi = {10.3390/su12229674}, issn = {2071-1050}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-11-19}, journal = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, abstract = {Social innovation is recognised for its potential to turn societal challenges into opportunities and develop sustainable solutions for people and nature. We identify and examine challenges that Ukrainian forestry is facing and apply an “action arena” conceptual approach to explore whether and how social innovation can enhance the sustainable development of forestry. We develop a framework to analyse the reconfiguration of social practices by using research methods that focus on the use of documentation of the institutional contexts and interviewing forest policy experts, as well as stakeholder evaluation of the challenges and ways forward for Ukrainian forestry. We apply the Q-method to identify stakeholder attitudes and examine the role of people in the reconfiguring of social practices and promoting sustainable development of the forest sector. Implications for changing the rules of the game and institutional perspectives on forestry are identified, with examples of social innovation initiatives presented. Results show that to emerge, develop, and be transformative, social innovation must have supporting institutional conditions to create new norms, rules, and social practices. Relevant stakeholders need to envision alternative futures, reshape places, and become more actively engaged in decision-making processes. We identify the key directions for changing the rules of the game and the opportunities that social innovation has to offer.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Social innovation is recognised for its potential to turn societal challenges into opportunities and develop sustainable solutions for people and nature. We identify and examine challenges that Ukrainian forestry is facing and apply an “action arena” conceptual approach to explore whether and how social innovation can enhance the sustainable development of forestry. We develop a framework to analyse the reconfiguration of social practices by using research methods that focus on the use of documentation of the institutional contexts and interviewing forest policy experts, as well as stakeholder evaluation of the challenges and ways forward for Ukrainian forestry. We apply the Q-method to identify stakeholder attitudes and examine the role of people in the reconfiguring of social practices and promoting sustainable development of the forest sector. Implications for changing the rules of the game and institutional perspectives on forestry are identified, with examples of social innovation initiatives presented. Results show that to emerge, develop, and be transformative, social innovation must have supporting institutional conditions to create new norms, rules, and social practices. Relevant stakeholders need to envision alternative futures, reshape places, and become more actively engaged in decision-making processes. We identify the key directions for changing the rules of the game and the opportunities that social innovation has to offer. |
Kubov, Martin; Jr., Peter Fleischer; Rozkošný, Jozef; Kurjak, Daniel; Konôpková, Alena; Galko, Juraj; Húdoková, Hana; Lalík, Michal; Rell, Slavomír; Pittner, Ján; Fleischer, Peter Water, 12 (11), 2020, ISSN: 2073-4441. @article{Kubov2020, title = {Drought or Severe Drought? Hemiparasitic Yellow Mistletoe (\textit{Loranthus europaeus}) Amplifies Drought Stress in Sessile Oak Trees (\textit{Quercus petraea}) by Altering Water Status and Physiological Responses}, author = {Martin Kubov and Peter Fleischer Jr. and Jozef Rozkošný and Daniel Kurjak and Alena Konôpková and Juraj Galko and Hana Húdoková and Michal Lalík and Slavomír Rell and Ján Pittner and Peter Fleischer}, doi = {10.3390/w12112985}, issn = {2073-4441}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-10-24}, journal = {Water}, volume = {12}, number = {11}, abstract = {European oak species have long been considered relatively resistant to different disturbances, including drought. However, several recent studies have reported their decline initiated by complex changes. Therefore, we compared mature sessile oak trees (Quercus petraea (Matt.), Liebl.) infested versus non-infested by hemiparasitic yellow mistletoe (Loranthus europaeus Jacq.) during the relatively dry vegetation season of 2019. We used broad arrays of ecophysiological (maximal assimilation rate Asat, chlorophyll a fluorescence, stomatal conductance gS, leaf morphological traits, mineral nutrition), growth (tree diameter, height, stem increment), and water status indicators (leaf water potential Ψ, leaf transpiration T, water-use efficiency WUE) to identify processes underlying vast oak decline. The presence of mistletoe significantly reduced the Ψ by 1 MPa, and the WUE by 14%. The T and gS of infested oaks were lower by 34% and 38%, respectively, compared to the non-infested oaks, whereas the Asat dropped to 55%. Less pronounced but significant changes were also observed at the level of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. Moreover, we identified the differences in C content, which probably reduced stem increment and leaf size of the infested trees. Generally, we can conclude that mistletoe could be a serious threat that jeopardizes the water status and growth of oak stands.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } European oak species have long been considered relatively resistant to different disturbances, including drought. However, several recent studies have reported their decline initiated by complex changes. Therefore, we compared mature sessile oak trees (Quercus petraea (Matt.), Liebl.) infested versus non-infested by hemiparasitic yellow mistletoe (Loranthus europaeus Jacq.) during the relatively dry vegetation season of 2019. We used broad arrays of ecophysiological (maximal assimilation rate Asat, chlorophyll a fluorescence, stomatal conductance gS, leaf morphological traits, mineral nutrition), growth (tree diameter, height, stem increment), and water status indicators (leaf water potential Ψ, leaf transpiration T, water-use efficiency WUE) to identify processes underlying vast oak decline. The presence of mistletoe significantly reduced the Ψ by 1 MPa, and the WUE by 14%. The T and gS of infested oaks were lower by 34% and 38%, respectively, compared to the non-infested oaks, whereas the Asat dropped to 55%. Less pronounced but significant changes were also observed at the level of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. Moreover, we identified the differences in C content, which probably reduced stem increment and leaf size of the infested trees. Generally, we can conclude that mistletoe could be a serious threat that jeopardizes the water status and growth of oak stands. |
Kaňuch, Peter; Kieh, Berrit; Cassel-Lundhagen, Anna; Laugen, Ane T; Low, Matthew; Berggren, Åsa Gene flow relates to evolutionary divergence among populations at the range margin Journal Article PeerJ, 8 , 2020, ISSN: 2167-8359. @article{Kaňuch2020, title = {Gene flow relates to evolutionary divergence among populations at the range margin}, author = {Peter Kaňuch and Berrit Kieh and Anna Cassel-Lundhagen and Ane T. Laugen and Matthew Low and Åsa Berggren}, doi = {10.7717/peerj.10036}, issn = {2167-8359}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-10-22}, journal = {PeerJ}, volume = {8}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Leštianska, Adriana; Jr., Peter Fleischer; Merganičová, Katarína; Fleischer, Peter; Střelcová, Katarína Water, 12 (10), 2020, ISSN: 2073-4441. @article{Leštianska2020, title = {Influence of warmer and dreier environmental conditions on species-specific stem circumference dynamics and water status of conifers in submontane zone of central Slovakia}, author = {Adriana Leštianska and Peter Fleischer Jr. and Katarína Merganičová and Peter Fleischer and Katarína Střelcová}, doi = {10.3390/w12102945}, issn = {2073-4441}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-10-21}, journal = {Water}, volume = {12}, number = {10}, abstract = {The frequency and intensity of droughts and heatwaves in Europe with notable impact on forest growth are expected to increase due to climate change. Coniferous stands planted outside the natural habitats of species belong to the most threatened forests. In this study, we assess stem circumference response of coniferous species (Larix decidua and Abies alba) to environmental conditions during the years 2015–2019. The study was performed in Arboretum in Zvolen (ca. 300 m a.s.l., Central Slovakia) characterised by a warmer and drier climate when compared to their natural habitats (located above 900 m a.s.l.), where they originated from. Seasonal radial variation, tree water deficit (ΔW), and maximum daily shrinkage (MDS) were derived from the records obtained from band dendrometers installed on five mature trees per species. Monitored species exhibited remarkably different growth patterns under highly above normal temperatures and uneven precipitation distribution. The magnitudes of reversible circumference changes (ΔW, MDS) were species-specific and strongly correlated with environmental factors. The wavelet analysis identified species-specific vulnerability to drought indicated by pronounced diurnal stem variation periodicity in rainless periods. L. decidua exhibited more strained stem water status and higher sensitivity to environmental conditions than A. alba. Tree water deficit and maximum daily shrinkage were found appropriate characteristics to compare water status of different tree species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The frequency and intensity of droughts and heatwaves in Europe with notable impact on forest growth are expected to increase due to climate change. Coniferous stands planted outside the natural habitats of species belong to the most threatened forests. In this study, we assess stem circumference response of coniferous species (Larix decidua and Abies alba) to environmental conditions during the years 2015–2019. The study was performed in Arboretum in Zvolen (ca. 300 m a.s.l., Central Slovakia) characterised by a warmer and drier climate when compared to their natural habitats (located above 900 m a.s.l.), where they originated from. Seasonal radial variation, tree water deficit (ΔW), and maximum daily shrinkage (MDS) were derived from the records obtained from band dendrometers installed on five mature trees per species. Monitored species exhibited remarkably different growth patterns under highly above normal temperatures and uneven precipitation distribution. The magnitudes of reversible circumference changes (ΔW, MDS) were species-specific and strongly correlated with environmental factors. The wavelet analysis identified species-specific vulnerability to drought indicated by pronounced diurnal stem variation periodicity in rainless periods. L. decidua exhibited more strained stem water status and higher sensitivity to environmental conditions than A. alba. Tree water deficit and maximum daily shrinkage were found appropriate characteristics to compare water status of different tree species. |
Barta, Marek; Takov, Danail; Pilarska, Daniela; Doychev, Danail; Horáková, Miriam Kádasi Journal of Forest Science, 66 (10), pp. 420-435, 2020, ISSN: 1212-4834. @article{Barta2020b, title = {Entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Beauveria and their pathogenicity to Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Vitosha National Park, Bulgaria}, author = {Marek Barta and Danail Takov and Daniela Pilarska and Danail Doychev and Miriam Kádasi Horáková}, url = {https://www.agriculturejournals.cz/web/jfs.htm?type=article&id=123_2020-JFS}, doi = {10.17221/123/2020-JFS}, issn = {1212-4834}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-10-01}, journal = {Journal of Forest Science}, volume = {66}, number = {10}, pages = {420-435}, abstract = {Ips typographus is a serious pest for forestry in Eurasia. Effective control is difficult due to its cryptic habits and insect pathogenic microorganisms, including entomopathogenic fungi that are believed to be a promising alternative to the traditional control measures of this pest. In 2018, diversity of entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Beauveria was studied in populations of I. typographus in the Vitosha National Park, Bulgaria. Two species, B. bassiana and B. caledonica, were identified and 33 in vitro strains were obtained. Phylogenetic positions of the strains were evaluated according to phylogenetic inferences based on ITS and TEF-1α. Pathogenicity of the strains against bark beetles was tested in laboratory. All strains were pathogenic, although there was some variability in the efficacy of B. bassiana strains. Virulence of the five most pathogenic strains (four B. bassiana strains and one B. caledonica strain) was compared with the commercial mycoinsecticide Boverol® and highly-virulent B. bassiana strain ARSEF 12957 isolated from I. typographus in Slovakia. The strain from Boverol® was least virulent and the Slovak strain ARSEF 12957 was more efficient than the Bulgarian strains, but the difference was not significant. The laboratory experiments suggest that the Bulgarian strains have a potential for the control of bark beetle adults.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Ips typographus is a serious pest for forestry in Eurasia. Effective control is difficult due to its cryptic habits and insect pathogenic microorganisms, including entomopathogenic fungi that are believed to be a promising alternative to the traditional control measures of this pest. In 2018, diversity of entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Beauveria was studied in populations of I. typographus in the Vitosha National Park, Bulgaria. Two species, B. bassiana and B. caledonica, were identified and 33 in vitro strains were obtained. Phylogenetic positions of the strains were evaluated according to phylogenetic inferences based on ITS and TEF-1α. Pathogenicity of the strains against bark beetles was tested in laboratory. All strains were pathogenic, although there was some variability in the efficacy of B. bassiana strains. Virulence of the five most pathogenic strains (four B. bassiana strains and one B. caledonica strain) was compared with the commercial mycoinsecticide Boverol® and highly-virulent B. bassiana strain ARSEF 12957 isolated from I. typographus in Slovakia. The strain from Boverol® was least virulent and the Slovak strain ARSEF 12957 was more efficient than the Bulgarian strains, but the difference was not significant. The laboratory experiments suggest that the Bulgarian strains have a potential for the control of bark beetle adults. |
Gajdoš, Peter; Szinetár, Csaba; Román, Krisztína; Šestáková, Anna; Purgat, Pavol; Černecká, Ľudmila Clubiona pseudoneglecta and Paratrachelas maculatus, two spider species new to the Slovak fauna (Araneae: Clubionidae, Trachelidae) Journal Article Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 60 (1), pp. 44-49, 2020, ISSN: 1018-4171. @article{Gajdoš2020, title = {\textit{Clubiona pseudoneglecta} and \textit{Paratrachelas maculatus}, two spider species new to the Slovak fauna (Araneae: Clubionidae, Trachelidae)}, author = {Peter Gajdoš and Csaba Szinetár and Krisztína Román and Anna Šestáková and Pavol Purgat and Ľudmila Černecká}, doi = {10.30963/aramit6009}, issn = {1018-4171}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-30}, journal = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen}, volume = {60}, number = {1}, pages = {44-49}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Tvrdá, Eva; Michalko, Jaroslav; Árvay, Július; Vukovic, Nenad L; Ivanišová, Eva; Ďuračka, Michal; Matušíková, Ildikó; Kačániová, Miroslava Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020, ISSN: 1741-427X. @article{Tvrdá2020, title = {Characterization of the Omija (\textit{Schisandra chinensis}) Extract and Its Effects on the Bovine Sperm Vitality and Oxidative Profile during \textit{In Vitro} Storage}, author = {Eva Tvrdá and Jaroslav Michalko and Július Árvay and Nenad L. Vukovic and Eva Ivanišová and Michal Ďuračka and Ildikó Matušíková and Miroslava Kačániová}, doi = {10.1155/2020/7123780}, issn = {1741-427X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-22}, journal = {Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine}, abstract = {Schisandra chinensis is a woody vine native to China, Korea, and Russia, which has been used as a traditional herbal remedy to treat male infertility. As very little information is available concerning its effects on ejaculated spermatozoa, the aim of this study was to investigate the chemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of the S. chinensis berry (Omija) extract followed by an assessment of its in vitro effects on bovine sperm function and oxidative balance. Phytochemical components of the Omija extract were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The content of polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids was assessed by spectrophotometric protocols. Antioxidant characteristics of the Omija extract were determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and molybdenum-reducing antioxidant power (MRAP) assays. The disc diffusion method and determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration were applied to study the antibacterial properties of Schisandra. Thirty semen samples were exposed to different concentrations of Omija (1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/mL) for 0, 2, and 24 h. Sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, and superoxide and reactive oxygen species production, as well as total antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids were determined. Our data reveal that the Omija extract, particularly at a concentration range within 5–50 µg/mL, exhibited dose-dependent motion-promoting and metabolism-enhancing properties, accompanied by significant antioxidant effects. We may conclude that the biomolecules present in the Omija extract such as schisandrins and phenolic molecules offer protection to critical sperm structures against oxidative insults and/or possible bacterial contamination, leading to a higher preservation of mammalian sperm viability and functional activity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Schisandra chinensis is a woody vine native to China, Korea, and Russia, which has been used as a traditional herbal remedy to treat male infertility. As very little information is available concerning its effects on ejaculated spermatozoa, the aim of this study was to investigate the chemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of the S. chinensis berry (Omija) extract followed by an assessment of its in vitro effects on bovine sperm function and oxidative balance. Phytochemical components of the Omija extract were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The content of polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids was assessed by spectrophotometric protocols. Antioxidant characteristics of the Omija extract were determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and molybdenum-reducing antioxidant power (MRAP) assays. The disc diffusion method and determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration were applied to study the antibacterial properties of Schisandra. Thirty semen samples were exposed to different concentrations of Omija (1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 75 µg/mL) for 0, 2, and 24 h. Sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, and superoxide and reactive oxygen species production, as well as total antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids were determined. Our data reveal that the Omija extract, particularly at a concentration range within 5–50 µg/mL, exhibited dose-dependent motion-promoting and metabolism-enhancing properties, accompanied by significant antioxidant effects. We may conclude that the biomolecules present in the Omija extract such as schisandrins and phenolic molecules offer protection to critical sperm structures against oxidative insults and/or possible bacterial contamination, leading to a higher preservation of mammalian sperm viability and functional activity. |
Kulfan, Ján; Zach, Peter; Holec, Juraj; Brown, Peter M J; Sarvašová, Lenka; Skuhrovec, Jiří; Martinková, Zdenka; Honěk, Alois; Váľka, Jozef; Holecová, Milada; Saniga, Miroslav The Invasive Box Tree Moth Five Years after Introduction in Slovakia: Damage Risk to Box Trees in Urban Habitats Journal Article Forests, 11 (9), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Kulfan2020b, title = {The Invasive Box Tree Moth Five Years after Introduction in Slovakia: Damage Risk to Box Trees in Urban Habitats}, author = {Ján Kulfan and Peter Zach and Juraj Holec and Peter M.J. Brown and Lenka Sarvašová and Jiří Skuhrovec and Zdenka Martinková and Alois Honěk and Jozef Váľka and Milada Holecová and Miroslav Saniga}, doi = {10.3390/f11090999}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-17}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, number = {9}, abstract = {The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an invasive species in Europe and a serious pest of box trees (Buxus spp.). In Slovakia, Central Europe, it was first reported in 2012 within the low elevation region with a warm climate. We hypothesize that the cold mountain region of Slovakia would provide less suitable conditions for the spread of this species, indicated by no or only slight damage to box trees. Five years after C. perspectalis was first recorded in Slovakia, we assessed the probability of occurrence of the moth and the probability of damage to box trees (Buxus sempervirens) by its larvae, using temperature and altitude data as predictors. In June and July 2017, at 156 locations (towns and villages) between the altitudes of 109 and 888 m, we recorded damage and categorized the intensity of damage to box trees by C. perspectalis using a four-point scale. Box trees infested by C. perspectalis were recorded in most locations at altitudes between 110 and 400 m with the mean annual temperature varying between 10.5 and 7.9 °C. High damage to box trees was found in locations up to 340 m a.s.l. characterized by mean annual temperatures above 8.5 °C. Our results suggested high probability (>60%) of any damage to box trees for the area up to approximately 300 m a.s.l. (mean annual temperature above 8.4 °C), and high probability (>60%) of high damage for the area up to approximately 250 m a.s.l. (mean annual temperature above 9 °C). The area where damage to box trees was predicted using the altitude showed great overlap with the area predicted using the mean annual temperature. The area with the probability of any damage was only slightly larger than the area with the probability of high damage.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is an invasive species in Europe and a serious pest of box trees (Buxus spp.). In Slovakia, Central Europe, it was first reported in 2012 within the low elevation region with a warm climate. We hypothesize that the cold mountain region of Slovakia would provide less suitable conditions for the spread of this species, indicated by no or only slight damage to box trees. Five years after C. perspectalis was first recorded in Slovakia, we assessed the probability of occurrence of the moth and the probability of damage to box trees (Buxus sempervirens) by its larvae, using temperature and altitude data as predictors. In June and July 2017, at 156 locations (towns and villages) between the altitudes of 109 and 888 m, we recorded damage and categorized the intensity of damage to box trees by C. perspectalis using a four-point scale. Box trees infested by C. perspectalis were recorded in most locations at altitudes between 110 and 400 m with the mean annual temperature varying between 10.5 and 7.9 °C. High damage to box trees was found in locations up to 340 m a.s.l. characterized by mean annual temperatures above 8.5 °C. Our results suggested high probability (>60%) of any damage to box trees for the area up to approximately 300 m a.s.l. (mean annual temperature above 8.4 °C), and high probability (>60%) of high damage for the area up to approximately 250 m a.s.l. (mean annual temperature above 9 °C). The area where damage to box trees was predicted using the altitude showed great overlap with the area predicted using the mean annual temperature. The area with the probability of any damage was only slightly larger than the area with the probability of high damage. |
Luptáková, Eva; Mihál, Ivan Dynamics of ectomycorrhizal mycobiota (Basidiomycota) communities on a former agricultural land (West Carpathians) Journal Article Mycological Progress, 19 (9), pp. 845-857, 2020, ISSN: 1617-416X. @article{Luptáková2020, title = {Dynamics of ectomycorrhizal mycobiota (Basidiomycota) communities on a former agricultural land (West Carpathians)}, author = {Eva Luptáková and Ivan Mihál }, doi = {10.1007/s11557-020-01597-1}, issn = {1617-416X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-09-03}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {19}, number = {9}, pages = {845-857}, abstract = {Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) are very important in fundamental forest ecosystems. They play a very important role in the succession process, e.g., afforestation of former agricultural areas. Species richness and relative abundance of ECM macromycetes fruiting bodies were determined in spruce monocultures of different ages. Fifty-one ECM species were found; the most dominant were Ramaria formosa, Hygrophorus pustulatus, Lactarius aurantiacus, L. rufus, Paxillus involutus, and others. The highest average abundance was found in a 21-year-old forest stand; the highest number of species was found in a 51-year-old stand. Average monthly temperature (p < 0.001), precipitation (p < 0.01), and soil carbon content (p < 0.05) had the most significant impact on the dynamics of species richness and abundance. The highest values of abundance and species richness were noted in summer 2016 and autumn 2017 and 2018. The highest values of mycorrhizal percentage were recorded in 21-year-old forest stands (41.95%), and the lowest values were recorded in 51-year-old stands (35.86%). Shannon index values (H´) indicate a slightly lower species diversity of ECM fungi in young stands (1.65) compared with older stands (1.71). The values of species richness and fruiting bodies abundance were statistically strongly significant (p < 0.001) during seasonality (month) and through the interaction (month/year). Amanita muscaria, Chalciporus piperatus, Russula aeruginea, and Suillus grevillei were found as indication species in the youngest stands. Amanita rubescens, Imleria badia, Inocybe lacera, and Tricholoma equestre were found as indication species in the oldest stands.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) are very important in fundamental forest ecosystems. They play a very important role in the succession process, e.g., afforestation of former agricultural areas. Species richness and relative abundance of ECM macromycetes fruiting bodies were determined in spruce monocultures of different ages. Fifty-one ECM species were found; the most dominant were Ramaria formosa, Hygrophorus pustulatus, Lactarius aurantiacus, L. rufus, Paxillus involutus, and others. The highest average abundance was found in a 21-year-old forest stand; the highest number of species was found in a 51-year-old stand. Average monthly temperature (p < 0.001), precipitation (p < 0.01), and soil carbon content (p < 0.05) had the most significant impact on the dynamics of species richness and abundance. The highest values of abundance and species richness were noted in summer 2016 and autumn 2017 and 2018. The highest values of mycorrhizal percentage were recorded in 21-year-old forest stands (41.95%), and the lowest values were recorded in 51-year-old stands (35.86%). Shannon index values (H´) indicate a slightly lower species diversity of ECM fungi in young stands (1.65) compared with older stands (1.71). The values of species richness and fruiting bodies abundance were statistically strongly significant (p < 0.001) during seasonality (month) and through the interaction (month/year). Amanita muscaria, Chalciporus piperatus, Russula aeruginea, and Suillus grevillei were found as indication species in the youngest stands. Amanita rubescens, Imleria badia, Inocybe lacera, and Tricholoma equestre were found as indication species in the oldest stands. |
Konôpka, Bohdan; Barna, Milan; Bosela, Michal; Lukac, Martin Biomass Allocation to Resource Acquisition Compartments Is Affected by Tree Density Manipulation in European Beech after Three Decades Journal Article Forests, 11 (9), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Konôpka2020, title = {Biomass Allocation to Resource Acquisition Compartments Is Affected by Tree Density Manipulation in European Beech after Three Decades}, author = {Bohdan Konôpka and Milan Barna and Michal Bosela and Martin Lukac}, doi = {10.3390/f11090940}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-08-27}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, number = {9}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Vanická, Hana; Holuša, Jaroslav; Resnerová, Karolina; Ferenčík, Ján; Potterf, Mária; Véle, Adam; Grodzki, Wojciech Interventions have limited effects on population dynamics of Ips typographus and its natural enemies in the Western Carpathians (Central Europe) Journal Article Forest Ecology and Management, pp. 470-471, 2020, ISSN: 0378-1127. @article{Vanická2020, title = {Interventions have limited effects on population dynamics of \textit{Ips typographus} and its natural enemies in the Western Carpathians (Central Europe)}, author = {Hana Vanická and Jaroslav Holuša and Karolina Resnerová and Ján Ferenčík and Mária Potterf and Adam Véle and Wojciech Grodzki}, doi = {10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118209}, issn = {0378-1127}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-08-15}, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management}, pages = {470-471}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Zelenka, Ján; Kasanický, Tomáš; Budinská, Ivana; Kaňuch, Peter An agent-based algorithm resembles behaviour of tree-dwelling bats under fission–fusion dynamics Journal Article Scientific Reports, 10 , 2020, ISSN: 2045-2322. @article{Zelenka2020, title = {An agent-based algorithm resembles behaviour of tree-dwelling bats under fission–fusion dynamics}, author = {Ján Zelenka and Tomáš Kasanický and Ivana Budinská and Peter Kaňuch }, doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-72999-0}, issn = {2045-2322}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-08-08}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {10}, abstract = {Utilization of computational approach in the study of social behaviour of animals is increasing and we attempted such an approach in our study of tree-dwelling bats. These bats live in highly dynamic fission–fusion societies that share multiple roosts in a common home range. The key behavioural component associated with complex and non-centralized decision-making processes in roost switching is swarming around potential locations in order to recruit members to the new roost. To understand roost switching dynamics of bat groups in their natural environment, we employed a computational model, the SkyBat, which is based on swarm algorithm, to model this process. In a simulated environment of this agent-based model, we replicated natural fission–fusion dynamics of the Leisler’s bat, Nyctalus leisleri, groups according to predefined species and habitat parameters. Spatiotemporal patterns of swarming activity of agents were similar to bats. The number of simulated groups formed prior to sunrise, the mean number of individuals in groups and the roost height did not differ significantly from data on a local population of bats collected in the field. Thus, the swarm algorithm gave a basic framework of roost-switching, suggesting possible applications in the study of bat behaviour in rapidly changing environments as well as in the field of computer science.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Utilization of computational approach in the study of social behaviour of animals is increasing and we attempted such an approach in our study of tree-dwelling bats. These bats live in highly dynamic fission–fusion societies that share multiple roosts in a common home range. The key behavioural component associated with complex and non-centralized decision-making processes in roost switching is swarming around potential locations in order to recruit members to the new roost. To understand roost switching dynamics of bat groups in their natural environment, we employed a computational model, the SkyBat, which is based on swarm algorithm, to model this process. In a simulated environment of this agent-based model, we replicated natural fission–fusion dynamics of the Leisler’s bat, Nyctalus leisleri, groups according to predefined species and habitat parameters. Spatiotemporal patterns of swarming activity of agents were similar to bats. The number of simulated groups formed prior to sunrise, the mean number of individuals in groups and the roost height did not differ significantly from data on a local population of bats collected in the field. Thus, the swarm algorithm gave a basic framework of roost-switching, suggesting possible applications in the study of bat behaviour in rapidly changing environments as well as in the field of computer science. |
Marešová, Jana; Majdák, Andrej; Jakuš, Rastislav; Hradecký, Jaromír; Kalinová, Blanka; Blaženec, Miroslav The short-term effect of sudden gap creation on tree temperature and volatile composition profiles in a Norway spruce stand Journal Article Trees-Structure and Function, 34 (6), pp. 1397–1409, 2020, ISSN: 0931-1890. @article{Marešová2020, title = {The short-term effect of sudden gap creation on tree temperature and volatile composition profiles in a Norway spruce stand}, author = {Jana Marešová and Andrej Majdák and Rastislav Jakuš and Jaromír Hradecký and Blanka Kalinová and Miroslav Blaženec}, doi = {10.1007/s00468-020-02010-w}, issn = {0931-1890}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-08-05}, journal = {Trees-Structure and Function}, volume = {34}, number = {6}, pages = {1397–1409}, abstract = {Spruce bark beetles are likely to attack trees that are at newly opened forest edges after wind disturbance due to higher temperatures and higher emission of primary attractants. The mechanisms behind these phenomena are still not fully known. We investigated how sudden gap creation affects tree physiology parameters related to induced defence processes in Norway spruce trees 2 months after the disturbance driven gap formation. We hypothesized that the sudden sun exposure of mature spruce trees would increase: (1) bark and crown temperatures, (2) sap flow rates, and (3) the phloem and airborne concentration of terpenes. Using a terrestrial and airborne thermal camera, sap flow sensors, and chromatography, we confirmed that trees at the forest edge had significantly higher (1) mean tree crown temperature, (2) mean sap flow rates (2-fold higher) and (3) airborne concentration of α-pinene (αP, 12.2-fold higher) and β-pinene (βP, 7.9-fold higher) close to the bark. We observed a significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.77) between the measured sap flow rates and terpene concentrations in airborne samples. Bark temperatures were not significant. In the phloem samples, analyzed by GC–MS, αP and βP predominated over monoterpenes 3-carene, myrcene, limonene, 1.8-cineole, and bornyl acetate. GC × GC–TOF–MS analysis of phloem showed a higher relative abundance of resin acid methyl esters in the forest interior trees and higher relative abundances of dehydro-p-cymene in the trees at the forest edge. Our findings are discussed in the context of the enhanced predisposition of trees at the newly formed forest edge to bark beetles attack.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Spruce bark beetles are likely to attack trees that are at newly opened forest edges after wind disturbance due to higher temperatures and higher emission of primary attractants. The mechanisms behind these phenomena are still not fully known. We investigated how sudden gap creation affects tree physiology parameters related to induced defence processes in Norway spruce trees 2 months after the disturbance driven gap formation. We hypothesized that the sudden sun exposure of mature spruce trees would increase: (1) bark and crown temperatures, (2) sap flow rates, and (3) the phloem and airborne concentration of terpenes. Using a terrestrial and airborne thermal camera, sap flow sensors, and chromatography, we confirmed that trees at the forest edge had significantly higher (1) mean tree crown temperature, (2) mean sap flow rates (2-fold higher) and (3) airborne concentration of α-pinene (αP, 12.2-fold higher) and β-pinene (βP, 7.9-fold higher) close to the bark. We observed a significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.77) between the measured sap flow rates and terpene concentrations in airborne samples. Bark temperatures were not significant. In the phloem samples, analyzed by GC–MS, αP and βP predominated over monoterpenes 3-carene, myrcene, limonene, 1.8-cineole, and bornyl acetate. GC × GC–TOF–MS analysis of phloem showed a higher relative abundance of resin acid methyl esters in the forest interior trees and higher relative abundances of dehydro-p-cymene in the trees at the forest edge. Our findings are discussed in the context of the enhanced predisposition of trees at the newly formed forest edge to bark beetles attack. |
Barta, Marek; Horáková, Miriam Kádasi; Georgieva, Margarita; Mirchev, Plamen; Zaemdzhikova, Gergana; Pilarska, Daniela; Takov, Danail; Todorov, Milcho; Hubenov, Zdravko; Pilarski, Plamen; Georgiev, Georgi Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, Supplementum 15 , pp. 89-96, 2020, ISSN: 0324-0770. @article{Barta2020, title = {Entomopathogenic Fungi (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) as Natural Antagonists of the Pine Processionary Moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) in Bulgaria}, author = {Marek Barta and Miriam Kádasi Horáková and Margarita Georgieva and Plamen Mirchev and Gergana Zaemdzhikova and Daniela Pilarska and Danail Takov and Milcho Todorov and Zdravko Hubenov and Plamen Pilarski and Georgi Georgiev}, url = {http://www.acta-zoologica-bulgarica.eu/Suppl_15_19.pdf}, issn = {0324-0770}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-08-01}, journal = {Acta Zoologica Bulgarica}, volume = {Supplementum 15}, pages = {89-96}, abstract = {Thaumetopoea pityocampa, a moth naturally distributed in pine ecosystems of Mediterranean region, is considered the most dangerous defoliator in Bulgarian pine forests. Caterpillars of this species also represent a health hazard because their hairs, which contain an urticating protein – thaumetopoein, are responsible for painful skin irritations, rashes and allergic reactions in some people. Therefore, T. pityocampa is not only a serious forest pest, but also a public health problem. Populations of the moth are regulated by a complex of natural enemies. There is only limited information about a parasitic activity of entomopathogenic fungi. These fungi are natural antagonists of insects helping to control of host population and prevention of outbreaks formation. A goal of the present study was to identify species of entomopathogenic fungi in natural populations of T. pityocampa in Bulgaria. During the study, 908 larvae and pupae were collected from two sites (Fotinovo and Kandilka villages) in the south-eastern Rhodopes. In laboratory conditions, 147 larvae or pupae showing characteristic symptoms of mycoses were observed and on 27 of them in vitro isolates were obtained. The cultures were microscopically identified and subsequently analysed by a sequencing study of the internal transcribed region of rDNA and a partial sequence of TEF1-α gene. Altogether, two Beauveria species (B. pseudobassiana – 7 isolates and B. varroae – 6 isolates) and Purpureocillium lilacinum (14 isolates) were identified. The three entomopathogens are reported from T. pityocampa for the first time.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Thaumetopoea pityocampa, a moth naturally distributed in pine ecosystems of Mediterranean region, is considered the most dangerous defoliator in Bulgarian pine forests. Caterpillars of this species also represent a health hazard because their hairs, which contain an urticating protein – thaumetopoein, are responsible for painful skin irritations, rashes and allergic reactions in some people. Therefore, T. pityocampa is not only a serious forest pest, but also a public health problem. Populations of the moth are regulated by a complex of natural enemies. There is only limited information about a parasitic activity of entomopathogenic fungi. These fungi are natural antagonists of insects helping to control of host population and prevention of outbreaks formation. A goal of the present study was to identify species of entomopathogenic fungi in natural populations of T. pityocampa in Bulgaria. During the study, 908 larvae and pupae were collected from two sites (Fotinovo and Kandilka villages) in the south-eastern Rhodopes. In laboratory conditions, 147 larvae or pupae showing characteristic symptoms of mycoses were observed and on 27 of them in vitro isolates were obtained. The cultures were microscopically identified and subsequently analysed by a sequencing study of the internal transcribed region of rDNA and a partial sequence of TEF1-α gene. Altogether, two Beauveria species (B. pseudobassiana – 7 isolates and B. varroae – 6 isolates) and Purpureocillium lilacinum (14 isolates) were identified. The three entomopathogens are reported from T. pityocampa for the first time. |
Nusová, Gréta; Uhrin, Marcel; Voigt, Christian C; Kaňuch, Peter Tracing the geographic origin of common pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) swarming at a mass hibernaculum Journal Article Mammalian Biology, 100 , pp. 601-610, 2020, ISSN: 1616-5047. @article{Nusová2020, title = {Tracing the geographic origin of common pipistrelles (\textit{Pipistrellus pipistrellus}) swarming at a mass hibernaculum}, author = {Gréta Nusová and Marcel Uhrin and Christian C. Voigt and Peter Kaňuch }, doi = {10.1007/s42991-020-00057-3}, issn = {1616-5047}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-07-31}, journal = {Mammalian Biology}, volume = {100}, pages = {601-610}, abstract = {Mass swarming of tens of thousands of common pipistrelles in front of hibernacula of the Carpathian Mountains suggests that bats may originate from a large catchment area. However, until now neither banding nor molecular data have resolved the geographic origin of common pipistrelles at these sites. Here, we measured the acoustic activity of bats and the stable hydrogen isotope ratios (δ2H) in metabolically inert fur keratin of bats to infer the relative swarming activity and the putative summer origin of bats, respectively, observed in autumn at Erňa cave, one of the largest bat hibernacula in Europe. Swarming activity declined with decreasing ambient temperature during the early season, while it increased during colder days towards the onset of hibernation. Based on δ2H values, we deduced that about 50% of the animals did not have a local origin. Provenance of all but one of these migrants was identified as the Pannonian Basin, while a single long-distance migrant may have originated from the northern margin of the species’ European distribution range. Modelling the variation in δ2H values of bats in response to sex, body condition and season suggested that, towards the onset of hibernation, males of low body condition were likely to be of distant geographic origin. Throughout the swarming season, females were mostly of local origin, yet towards the onset of hibernation, their body condition was not as variable as in males. We conclude that common pipistrelles observed at this mass hibernacula site are facultative migrants, which may undertake long-distance seasonal movements occasionally. At our study site, common pipistrelles are more likely to include long-distance migrants because of the mass occurrence of this species at this large hibernaculum.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Mass swarming of tens of thousands of common pipistrelles in front of hibernacula of the Carpathian Mountains suggests that bats may originate from a large catchment area. However, until now neither banding nor molecular data have resolved the geographic origin of common pipistrelles at these sites. Here, we measured the acoustic activity of bats and the stable hydrogen isotope ratios (δ2H) in metabolically inert fur keratin of bats to infer the relative swarming activity and the putative summer origin of bats, respectively, observed in autumn at Erňa cave, one of the largest bat hibernacula in Europe. Swarming activity declined with decreasing ambient temperature during the early season, while it increased during colder days towards the onset of hibernation. Based on δ2H values, we deduced that about 50% of the animals did not have a local origin. Provenance of all but one of these migrants was identified as the Pannonian Basin, while a single long-distance migrant may have originated from the northern margin of the species’ European distribution range. Modelling the variation in δ2H values of bats in response to sex, body condition and season suggested that, towards the onset of hibernation, males of low body condition were likely to be of distant geographic origin. Throughout the swarming season, females were mostly of local origin, yet towards the onset of hibernation, their body condition was not as variable as in males. We conclude that common pipistrelles observed at this mass hibernacula site are facultative migrants, which may undertake long-distance seasonal movements occasionally. At our study site, common pipistrelles are more likely to include long-distance migrants because of the mass occurrence of this species at this large hibernaculum. |
Kuklová, Margita; Kukla, Ján; Hniličková, Helena; Hnilička, František; Pivková, Ivica Spatial variability of nutrients in soils and plants of forest ecosystems located near the highway Journal Article Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192 (8), pp. 534-534, 2020, ISSN: 0167-6369. @article{Kuklová2020, title = {Spatial variability of nutrients in soils and plants of forest ecosystems located near the highway}, author = {Margita Kuklová and Ján Kukla and Helena Hniličková and František Hnilička and Ivica Pivková }, doi = {10.1007/s10661-020-08481-1}, issn = {0167-6369}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-07-20}, journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment}, volume = {192}, number = {8}, pages = {534-534}, abstract = {The variability of selected biogenic elements in soils and leaves of three dominant plant species was studied in segments of Querci-Fageta typica and Fagi-Querceta typica forest ecosystems located near R1 Pribina highway in SW Slovakia. The amounts of nutrients (Mg, K, Na and Zn) in soils distant 30 m from the highway were mostly low and increased significantly with a depth of soil. On the other hand, the highest Ca concentrations were found in the surface humus horizons and decreased significantly with soil depth. The Mg, K and Zn contents found in soil mineral horizons 8000 m from the highway were more balanced than those found at 30 m from the highway. The nutrient content of plant leaves was mostly significantly higher at a distance of 30 m from the highway than 8000 m from the highway, for Ca (Prunus spinosa, Melica uniflora), Mg (P. spinosa), Na (Quercus cerris, P. spinosa) and Zn (Q. cerris, M. uniflora). The tightness of the relationships between nutrient contents in leaves and the distance from the highway was the highest for Ca (P. spinosa, M. uniflora), Mg, Na, Zn (Q. cerris, P. spinosa) and K (M. uniflora). The K/(Mg + Ca) ratios in Q. cerris and P. spinosa leaves distant 8000 m from the highway were more balanced than those found at 30 m from the highway. This markedly points to favourable biological activity and better stability of the more distant control ecosystem with lower level of pollutants.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The variability of selected biogenic elements in soils and leaves of three dominant plant species was studied in segments of Querci-Fageta typica and Fagi-Querceta typica forest ecosystems located near R1 Pribina highway in SW Slovakia. The amounts of nutrients (Mg, K, Na and Zn) in soils distant 30 m from the highway were mostly low and increased significantly with a depth of soil. On the other hand, the highest Ca concentrations were found in the surface humus horizons and decreased significantly with soil depth. The Mg, K and Zn contents found in soil mineral horizons 8000 m from the highway were more balanced than those found at 30 m from the highway. The nutrient content of plant leaves was mostly significantly higher at a distance of 30 m from the highway than 8000 m from the highway, for Ca (Prunus spinosa, Melica uniflora), Mg (P. spinosa), Na (Quercus cerris, P. spinosa) and Zn (Q. cerris, M. uniflora). The tightness of the relationships between nutrient contents in leaves and the distance from the highway was the highest for Ca (P. spinosa, M. uniflora), Mg, Na, Zn (Q. cerris, P. spinosa) and K (M. uniflora). The K/(Mg + Ca) ratios in Q. cerris and P. spinosa leaves distant 8000 m from the highway were more balanced than those found at 30 m from the highway. This markedly points to favourable biological activity and better stability of the more distant control ecosystem with lower level of pollutants. |
Hnilička, František; Hniličková, Helena; Kudrna, Jiří; Kraus, Kamil; Kukla, Ján; Kuklová, Margita Combustion calorimetry and its application in the assessment of ecosystems Journal Article Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 142 , pp. 771-781, 2020, ISSN: 1388-6150. @article{Hnilička2020, title = {Combustion calorimetry and its application in the assessment of ecosystems}, author = {František Hnilička and Helena Hniličková and Jiří Kudrna and Kamil Kraus and Ján Kukla and Margita Kuklová }, doi = {doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09961-9}, issn = {1388-6150}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-07-20}, journal = {Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry}, volume = {142}, pages = {771-781}, abstract = {Combustion calorimetry is one of the methodological possibilities in biological science disciplines. Using calorimetry, interspecies and interorgan organ differences in the rate of primary and secondary metabolism can be determined. Generally, the lower energy content is usually that of vegetative organs in comparison with the generative organs, whereas stems or leaves have a similar composition of organic matter and a relatively high proportion of ash matter; therefore, their calorific content fluctuates less than in the reproductive organs. The said effect is mainly due to solar energy plant leaves, as the calorific value reflects the utilization of sunlight, water and other natural sources of plants. Most commonly reported values of solar radiation utilization in the field crops range from 1 to 2.5%, but the natural reed vegetation in central Europe during the vegetation utilizes solar radiation from 4 to 7%. The combustion calorimetry method is therefore a suitable method for monitoring the development and stability of natural but also agroforestry ecosystems.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Combustion calorimetry is one of the methodological possibilities in biological science disciplines. Using calorimetry, interspecies and interorgan organ differences in the rate of primary and secondary metabolism can be determined. Generally, the lower energy content is usually that of vegetative organs in comparison with the generative organs, whereas stems or leaves have a similar composition of organic matter and a relatively high proportion of ash matter; therefore, their calorific content fluctuates less than in the reproductive organs. The said effect is mainly due to solar energy plant leaves, as the calorific value reflects the utilization of sunlight, water and other natural sources of plants. Most commonly reported values of solar radiation utilization in the field crops range from 1 to 2.5%, but the natural reed vegetation in central Europe during the vegetation utilizes solar radiation from 4 to 7%. The combustion calorimetry method is therefore a suitable method for monitoring the development and stability of natural but also agroforestry ecosystems. |
Leštianska, Adriana; Fleischer, Peter; Fleischer, Peter; Merganičová, Katarína; Střelcová, Katarína Interspecific variation in growth and tree water status of conifers under water-limited conditions Journal Article Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 68 (4), pp. 368-381, 2020, ISSN: 0042-790X. @article{Leštianska2020b, title = {Interspecific variation in growth and tree water status of conifers under water-limited conditions}, author = {Adriana Leštianska and Peter Fleischer and Peter Fleischer and Katarína Merganičová and Katarína Střelcová}, doi = {10.2478/johh-2020-0028}, issn = {0042-790X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-07-07}, journal = {Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics}, volume = {68}, number = {4}, pages = {368-381}, abstract = {We monitored seasonal dynamics of stem water status of four coniferous species (Abies alba, Larix decidua, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris) planted at the Borová hora Arboretum (300 m a.s.l., Zvolen valley, Central Slovakia) beyond their ecological and production optima, in the region with warmer and drier climate compared to the sites of their origin. Species-specific stem water deficit and maximum daily shrinkage were extracted from diurnal band dendrometer records of stem circumference recorded by digital band dendrometers DRL26 installed on five trees per species, and correlations with environmental variables were analysed. The seasonal stem circumference increment of all tree species was higher in 2017 than in the drier and hotter year of 2018. The greatest seasonal stem circumference increment in the observed periods of 2017 and 2018 was observed for A. alba and P. sylvestris, respectively. The highest and lowest values of daily and seasonal stem water deficit were observed for L. decidua and A. alba, respectively. The analysis of trees' short-term response to extreme climate events seems to be the promising and suitable method for detecting tree species tolerance towards drought.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We monitored seasonal dynamics of stem water status of four coniferous species (Abies alba, Larix decidua, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris) planted at the Borová hora Arboretum (300 m a.s.l., Zvolen valley, Central Slovakia) beyond their ecological and production optima, in the region with warmer and drier climate compared to the sites of their origin. Species-specific stem water deficit and maximum daily shrinkage were extracted from diurnal band dendrometer records of stem circumference recorded by digital band dendrometers DRL26 installed on five trees per species, and correlations with environmental variables were analysed. The seasonal stem circumference increment of all tree species was higher in 2017 than in the drier and hotter year of 2018. The greatest seasonal stem circumference increment in the observed periods of 2017 and 2018 was observed for A. alba and P. sylvestris, respectively. The highest and lowest values of daily and seasonal stem water deficit were observed for L. decidua and A. alba, respectively. The analysis of trees' short-term response to extreme climate events seems to be the promising and suitable method for detecting tree species tolerance towards drought. |
Drenkhan, R; Ganley, B; Martín-García, J; Vahalík, P; Adamson, K; Adamčíková, K; Ahumada, R; Blank, L; Bragança, H; Capretti, P; Cleary, M; Cornejo, C; Davydenko, K; Diez, J J; Lehtijärvi, Doğmuş H T; Dvořák, M; Enderle, R; Fourie, G; Georgieva, M; Ghelardini, L; Hantula, J; Ioos, R; Iturritxa, E; Kanetis, L; Karpun, N N; Koltay, A; Landeras, E; Markovskaja, S; Mesanza, N; Milenković, I; Musolin, D L; Nikolaou, K; Nowakowska, J A; Ogris, N; Oskay, F; Oszako, T; Papazova-Anakieva, I; Paraschiv, M; Pasquali, M; Pecori, F; Rafoss, T; Raitelaitytė, K; Raposo, R; Robin, C; Rodas, C A; A., Santini A; Sanz-Ros, A V; Selikhovkin, A V; Solla, A; Soukainen, M; Soulioti, N; Steenkamp, E T; Tsopelas, P; Vemić, A; Vettraino, A M; Wingfield, M J; Woodward, S; C., Zamora-Ballesteros C; Mullett, M S Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker Journal Article Forests, 11 (7), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Drenkhan2020, title = {Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker}, author = {R. Drenkhan and B. Ganley and J. Martín-García and P. Vahalík and K. Adamson and K. Adamčíková and R. Ahumada and L. Blank and H. Bragança and P. Capretti and M. Cleary and C. Cornejo and K. Davydenko and J.J. Diez and H.T. Doğmuş Lehtijärvi and M. Dvořák and R. Enderle and G. Fourie and M. Georgieva and L. Ghelardini and J. Hantula and R. Ioos and E. Iturritxa and L. Kanetis and N.N. Karpun and A. Koltay and E. Landeras and S. Markovskaja and N. Mesanza and I. Milenković and D.L. Musolin and K. Nikolaou and J.A. Nowakowska and N. Ogris and F. Oskay and T. Oszako and I. Papazova-Anakieva and M. Paraschiv and M. Pasquali and F. Pecori and T. Rafoss and K. Raitelaitytė and R. Raposo and C. Robin and C.A. Rodas and A. Santini A. and A.V. Sanz-Ros and A.V. Selikhovkin and A. Solla and M. Soukainen and N. Soulioti and E.T. Steenkamp and P. Tsopelas and A. Vemić and A.M. Vettraino and M.J. Wingfield and S. Woodward and C. Zamora-Ballesteros C. and M.S. Mullett }, doi = {doi:10.3390/f11070724}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-07-01}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, number = {7}, abstract = {Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one of the most important threats of Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen is known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, and can affect all life stages of trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite the importance of PPC, the global distribution of F. circinatum is poorly documented, and this problem is also true of the hosts within countries that are affected. The aim of this study was to review the global distribution of F. circinatum, with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) the current and historical pathogen records, both positive and negative, based on confirmed reports from Europe and globally; (2) the genetic diversity and population structure of the pathogen; (3) the current distribution of PPC in Europe, comparing published models of predicted disease distribution; and (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature and generating a comprehensive list of known hosts for the fungus. These data were collated from 41 countries and used to compile a specially constructed geo-database (http://bit.do/phytoportal). A review of 6297 observation records showed that F. circinatum and the symptoms it causes on conifers occurred in 14 countries, including four in Europe, and is absent in 28 countries. Field observations and experimental data from 138 host species revealed 106 susceptible host species including 85 Pinus species, 6 non-pine tree species and 15 grass and herb species. Our data confirm that susceptibility to F. circinatum varies between different host species, tree ages and environmental characteristics. Knowledge on the geographic distribution, host range and the relative susceptibility of different hosts is essential for disease management, mitigation and containment strategies. The findings reported in this review will support countries that are currently free of F. circinatum in implementing effective procedures and restrictions and prevent further spread of the pathogen.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one of the most important threats of Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen is known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, and can affect all life stages of trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite the importance of PPC, the global distribution of F. circinatum is poorly documented, and this problem is also true of the hosts within countries that are affected. The aim of this study was to review the global distribution of F. circinatum, with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) the current and historical pathogen records, both positive and negative, based on confirmed reports from Europe and globally; (2) the genetic diversity and population structure of the pathogen; (3) the current distribution of PPC in Europe, comparing published models of predicted disease distribution; and (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature and generating a comprehensive list of known hosts for the fungus. These data were collated from 41 countries and used to compile a specially constructed geo-database (http://bit.do/phytoportal). A review of 6297 observation records showed that F. circinatum and the symptoms it causes on conifers occurred in 14 countries, including four in Europe, and is absent in 28 countries. Field observations and experimental data from 138 host species revealed 106 susceptible host species including 85 Pinus species, 6 non-pine tree species and 15 grass and herb species. Our data confirm that susceptibility to F. circinatum varies between different host species, tree ages and environmental characteristics. Knowledge on the geographic distribution, host range and the relative susceptibility of different hosts is essential for disease management, mitigation and containment strategies. The findings reported in this review will support countries that are currently free of F. circinatum in implementing effective procedures and restrictions and prevent further spread of the pathogen. |
Ferus, Peter; Hnilička, František; Hniličková, Helena; Kurjak, Daniel; Kmeť, Jaroslav; Otepka, Pavol; Gubiš, Jozef; Havrlentová, Michaela; Malbeck, Jiří; Konôpková, Jana Productivity and heat-stress tolerance in Canadian poplar (Populus × canadensis Moench) clones with different ecological optimum Journal Article Biomass and Bioenergy, 138 , 2020, ISSN: 0961-9534. @article{Ferus2020b, title = {Productivity and heat-stress tolerance in Canadian poplar (\textit{Populus × canadensis} Moench) clones with different ecological optimum}, author = {Peter Ferus and František Hnilička and Helena Hniličková and Daniel Kurjak and Jaroslav Kmeť and Pavol Otepka and Jozef Gubiš and Michaela Havrlentová and Jiří Malbeck and Jana Konôpková}, doi = {10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105605}, issn = {0961-9534}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-07-01}, journal = {Biomass and Bioenergy}, volume = {138}, abstract = {Cultivation of fast growing poplar (Populus sp.) clones represents an effective means for reaching the 2020 target of the EU-28 renewable energy production. However, considering the continuous climate change, their growth can be markedly affected by summer heat stress episodes in Slovakia. Therefore, in this work two Canadian poplar (Populus × canadensis Moench) clones of different ecological optimum, ‘Gigant' and ‘Pannonia', were investigated in respect of productivity and heat stress tolerance. After three-year cultivation, tree height in the clone ‘Gigant' was 8.9 m, breast trunk diameter 9.3 cm and trunk volume 0.021 m3 compared to 7.9 m, 7.0 cm and 0.012 m3 in clone ‘Pannonia' (despite of relatively more stable trunk growth rate in summer). Trunks of the latter clone contained 12% bark (vs. 10% in ‘Gigant'), 1.5% ash in the wood (vs. 3%) and showed significantly larger wood density (440 vs. 380 kg m−3) but lower wood free energy content (14.5 vs. 16 MJ kg−1). Both of clones were proved to be diploids (2x). Clone ‘Pannonia' exhibited larger heat stress tolerance, as tested in leaves of different developmental stage exposed to 40 °C using chlorophyll fluorescence technique (decreasing from mature to juvenile leaves), lower specific leaf area and higher leaf carotenoid and cytokinin (particularly BAP derivatives) concentration. In spite of lower heat stress tolerance and higher ash content, clone ‘Gigant' showed larger productivity than clone ‘Pannonia', suggesting potential of the latter for cultivation in much more stressful conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Cultivation of fast growing poplar (Populus sp.) clones represents an effective means for reaching the 2020 target of the EU-28 renewable energy production. However, considering the continuous climate change, their growth can be markedly affected by summer heat stress episodes in Slovakia. Therefore, in this work two Canadian poplar (Populus × canadensis Moench) clones of different ecological optimum, ‘Gigant' and ‘Pannonia', were investigated in respect of productivity and heat stress tolerance. After three-year cultivation, tree height in the clone ‘Gigant' was 8.9 m, breast trunk diameter 9.3 cm and trunk volume 0.021 m3 compared to 7.9 m, 7.0 cm and 0.012 m3 in clone ‘Pannonia' (despite of relatively more stable trunk growth rate in summer). Trunks of the latter clone contained 12% bark (vs. 10% in ‘Gigant'), 1.5% ash in the wood (vs. 3%) and showed significantly larger wood density (440 vs. 380 kg m−3) but lower wood free energy content (14.5 vs. 16 MJ kg−1). Both of clones were proved to be diploids (2x). Clone ‘Pannonia' exhibited larger heat stress tolerance, as tested in leaves of different developmental stage exposed to 40 °C using chlorophyll fluorescence technique (decreasing from mature to juvenile leaves), lower specific leaf area and higher leaf carotenoid and cytokinin (particularly BAP derivatives) concentration. In spite of lower heat stress tolerance and higher ash content, clone ‘Gigant' showed larger productivity than clone ‘Pannonia', suggesting potential of the latter for cultivation in much more stressful conditions. |
Pundiak, Oleh; Michalko, Jaroslav Epiphyllous bryophytes in Arboretum Mlyňany (Slovakia) Journal Article Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 23 (2), pp. 51-57, 2020, ISSN: 1335-258X. @article{Pundiak2020, title = {\textit{Epiphyllous bryophytes} in Arboretum Mlyňany (Slovakia)}, author = {Oleh Pundiak and Jaroslav Michalko}, doi = {10.15414/AFZ.2020.23.02.51-57}, issn = {1335-258X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-30}, journal = {Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, pages = {51-57}, abstract = {In this work we screened for the diversity of epiphyllous bryophytes covering leaves of evergreen plants growing in temperate region of Arboretum Mlyňany (Slovakia). We identified five taxa of not typically epiphyllous bryophytes, all belonging to mosses: Brachythecium salebrosum (Hoffm. ex F. Weber & D. Mohr) Schimp, Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., Hypnum cupressiforme var. filiforme Brid., Platygyrium repens (Brid.) Schimp., Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp. All these taxa are considered as obligate members of bryoflora of Slovakia at low risk of extinction. The most abundant was the generalist H. cupressiforme, while the rarest was the typical epiphyte P. polyantha. All identified epiphylls occurred on nine species of evergreen angiosperm phorophytes: Prunus laurocerasus L., Hedera helix L., Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt., Ilex aquifolium L., Rubus caesius L., Viburnum × burkwoodii auct., Rhododendron catawbiense Michx., Viburnum rhytidophyllum Hemsl., Aucuba japonica Thunb.; on one gymnosperm phorophyte Cephalotaxus harringtonii var. drupacea (Siebold. & Zucc.) Koidz; and on one fern Asplenium scolopendrium L. The most often species of phorophyte for epiphyllous bryophytes was P. laurocerasus, while the rarest taxa were R. caesius, V. rhytidophyllum, R. catawbiense, A. japonica, V. × burkwoodii.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In this work we screened for the diversity of epiphyllous bryophytes covering leaves of evergreen plants growing in temperate region of Arboretum Mlyňany (Slovakia). We identified five taxa of not typically epiphyllous bryophytes, all belonging to mosses: Brachythecium salebrosum (Hoffm. ex F. Weber & D. Mohr) Schimp, Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., Hypnum cupressiforme var. filiforme Brid., Platygyrium repens (Brid.) Schimp., Pylaisia polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp. All these taxa are considered as obligate members of bryoflora of Slovakia at low risk of extinction. The most abundant was the generalist H. cupressiforme, while the rarest was the typical epiphyte P. polyantha. All identified epiphylls occurred on nine species of evergreen angiosperm phorophytes: Prunus laurocerasus L., Hedera helix L., Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt., Ilex aquifolium L., Rubus caesius L., Viburnum × burkwoodii auct., Rhododendron catawbiense Michx., Viburnum rhytidophyllum Hemsl., Aucuba japonica Thunb.; on one gymnosperm phorophyte Cephalotaxus harringtonii var. drupacea (Siebold. & Zucc.) Koidz; and on one fern Asplenium scolopendrium L. The most often species of phorophyte for epiphyllous bryophytes was P. laurocerasus, while the rarest taxa were R. caesius, V. rhytidophyllum, R. catawbiense, A. japonica, V. × burkwoodii. |
Wiezik, Maroš; Petr, Libor; Jankovská, Vlasta; Hájková, Petra; Jamrichová, E; Hrivnák, Richard; Hillayová, Michaela Korená; Jarčuška, Benjamín; Máliš, František; Hájek, Michal Western-Carpathian mountain spruce woodlands at their southern margin: natural or anthropogenic origin? Journal Article Preslia, 92 (2), pp. 115-135, 2020, ISSN: 0032-7786. @article{Wiezik2020, title = {Western-Carpathian mountain spruce woodlands at their southern margin: natural or anthropogenic origin?}, author = {Maroš Wiezik and Libor Petr and Vlasta Jankovská and Petra Hájková and E. Jamrichová and Richard Hrivnák and Michaela Korená Hillayová and Benjamín Jarčuška and František Máliš and Michal Hájek }, doi = {10.23855/PRESLIA.2020.115}, issn = {0032-7786}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-29}, journal = {Preslia}, volume = {92}, number = {2}, pages = {115-135}, abstract = {Origin and dynamics of spruce woodlands in central Europe is an important topic due to the current disturbances triggered by bark beetle outbreaks and extreme climatic events. We focused on the Late Holocene development of spruce-dominated woodlands at their southern margin in the Western Carpathians. We analysed eight peat profiles along an altitudinal gradient of 730&1358 m a.s.l. and evaluated the pollen spectra separately for the period before and after the start of intense medieval or post-medieval human intervention in the landscape. We focused on the relative proportions of spruce, beech, fir and noble hardwood trees. Spatial variation in the proportions of beech and spruce exceeded the temporal variation, contrary to fir that declined generally. Proportion of spruce significantly increased over time but the effect differed among sites. Proportion of beech was highest at 800&1000 m a.s.l., while that of spruce increased linearly with annual precipitation rather than altitude and reached the highest values on windward slopes and in wet valleys. Different dominant trees at the two highest altitude sites indicate that altitudinal gradient was less important in the area studied. Although foresters consider spruce woodland on the highest summits as naturally monodominant, we found an apparent admixture of fir, together with a small admixture of beech, in the period before human intervention. An exact reconstruction of the proportions of individual climax trees in past vegetation is, however, not yet possible. Based on macrofossils, spruce unlike beech, has occurred directly on peatlands. Local occurrence of spruce might increase its proportion in a pollen spectrum. Indeed, after anthropogenic deforestation, its proportion decreased. It increased again as late as the establishment of spruce monocultures either by natural succession on abandoned pastures or by forestry. In addition to the effect of local spruce occurrence, modern pollen spectra further demonstrate an over-representation of spruce relative to beech and fir pollen even in a mixed woodland on the highest summit site. We conclude that spruce is a major natural component of mountain woodlands even at its southern margin. Contrary to previous expectation, we demonstrate that the proportion of spruce was not associated with altitude but with mesoclimate and soil humidity. The natural spruce woodlands were mixed or existed as mosaics at all altitudes and the monodominant character of spruce woodlands in the area of summits is not natural.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Origin and dynamics of spruce woodlands in central Europe is an important topic due to the current disturbances triggered by bark beetle outbreaks and extreme climatic events. We focused on the Late Holocene development of spruce-dominated woodlands at their southern margin in the Western Carpathians. We analysed eight peat profiles along an altitudinal gradient of 730&1358 m a.s.l. and evaluated the pollen spectra separately for the period before and after the start of intense medieval or post-medieval human intervention in the landscape. We focused on the relative proportions of spruce, beech, fir and noble hardwood trees. Spatial variation in the proportions of beech and spruce exceeded the temporal variation, contrary to fir that declined generally. Proportion of spruce significantly increased over time but the effect differed among sites. Proportion of beech was highest at 800&1000 m a.s.l., while that of spruce increased linearly with annual precipitation rather than altitude and reached the highest values on windward slopes and in wet valleys. Different dominant trees at the two highest altitude sites indicate that altitudinal gradient was less important in the area studied. Although foresters consider spruce woodland on the highest summits as naturally monodominant, we found an apparent admixture of fir, together with a small admixture of beech, in the period before human intervention. An exact reconstruction of the proportions of individual climax trees in past vegetation is, however, not yet possible. Based on macrofossils, spruce unlike beech, has occurred directly on peatlands. Local occurrence of spruce might increase its proportion in a pollen spectrum. Indeed, after anthropogenic deforestation, its proportion decreased. It increased again as late as the establishment of spruce monocultures either by natural succession on abandoned pastures or by forestry. In addition to the effect of local spruce occurrence, modern pollen spectra further demonstrate an over-representation of spruce relative to beech and fir pollen even in a mixed woodland on the highest summit site. We conclude that spruce is a major natural component of mountain woodlands even at its southern margin. Contrary to previous expectation, we demonstrate that the proportion of spruce was not associated with altitude but with mesoclimate and soil humidity. The natural spruce woodlands were mixed or existed as mosaics at all altitudes and the monodominant character of spruce woodlands in the area of summits is not natural. |
Ferus, Peter; Bošiaková, Dominika; Konôpková, Jana; Hoťka, Peter Diverse strategies of rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.) genotypes in the water shortage management Journal Article Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus, 19 (3), pp. 159-165, 2020, ISBN: 1644-0692. @article{Ferus2020d, title = {Diverse strategies of rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.) genotypes in the water shortage management}, author = {Peter Ferus and Dominika Bošiaková and Jana Konôpková and Peter Hoťka }, doi = {10.24326/asphc.2020.3.14}, isbn = {1644-0692}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-29}, journal = {Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus}, volume = {19}, number = {3}, pages = {159-165}, abstract = {Rhododendrons in numerous gardens in Central Europe are frequently endangered by adverse summer drought periods associated with the climate change. Therefore, in this work drought-resistance strategies in recent genotypes of these highly aesthetic shrubs were investigated. Dehydrated Rhododendron groenlandicum ‘Helma’, R. obtusum ‘Michiko’ and R. hybridum ‘Polarnacht’ showed high initial stomatal conductances (gS), after few days steeply falling to the stable minimum at ca. 20, 85 and 70% leaf relative water content (RWC), respectively. Except of ‘Polarnacht’, they had relatively large specific leaf area and ‘Michiko’ also free proline accumulation. On the other hand, R. repens ‘Scarlet Wonder’ and R. hybridum ‘Red Jack’ started with half gS values, continuously declining 1.5–2 fold longer compared to the first group of genotypes (RWC of ca. 60 and 75%, respectively). Both produced relatively thick leaves but did not show any osmotic adjustment. Among observed drought-resistance strategies, lower and longer period active transpiration with stomata sensitive to the water loss, as found in R. repens ‘Scarlet Wonder’ and R. × hybridum ‘Red Jack’, were accepted as the most effective for drought-affected rhododendron plantations.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Rhododendrons in numerous gardens in Central Europe are frequently endangered by adverse summer drought periods associated with the climate change. Therefore, in this work drought-resistance strategies in recent genotypes of these highly aesthetic shrubs were investigated. Dehydrated Rhododendron groenlandicum ‘Helma’, R. obtusum ‘Michiko’ and R. hybridum ‘Polarnacht’ showed high initial stomatal conductances (gS), after few days steeply falling to the stable minimum at ca. 20, 85 and 70% leaf relative water content (RWC), respectively. Except of ‘Polarnacht’, they had relatively large specific leaf area and ‘Michiko’ also free proline accumulation. On the other hand, R. repens ‘Scarlet Wonder’ and R. hybridum ‘Red Jack’ started with half gS values, continuously declining 1.5–2 fold longer compared to the first group of genotypes (RWC of ca. 60 and 75%, respectively). Both produced relatively thick leaves but did not show any osmotic adjustment. Among observed drought-resistance strategies, lower and longer period active transpiration with stomata sensitive to the water loss, as found in R. repens ‘Scarlet Wonder’ and R. × hybridum ‘Red Jack’, were accepted as the most effective for drought-affected rhododendron plantations. |
Ivanova, Helena; Malinicova, Lenka; Piknova, Maria; Pristas, Peter New endophytic Fusarium spp. from Fraxinus excelsior leaves in Slovakia Journal Article Planta medica, 86 , pp. 1025-1031, 2020, ISSN: 0032-0943. @article{Ivanova2020, title = {New endophytic \textit{Fusarium} spp. from \textit{Fraxinus excelsior} leaves in Slovakia}, author = {Helena Ivanova and Lenka Malinicova and Maria Piknova and Peter Pristas}, doi = {10.1055/a-1197-3613}, issn = {0032-0943}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-24}, journal = {Planta medica}, volume = {86}, pages = {1025-1031}, abstract = {Fraxinus excelsior is currently suffering from ash dieback disease caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Co-occurrence of large numbers of other fungi with endophytic as well as pathogenic lifestyles has been observed on F. excelsior. In this study, new endophytic Fusarium spp. isolate Fraxinus excelsior Fusarium from Slovak territory, associated with F. excelsior, was characterised. Using morphology-based approaches, the fungus was assigned to the genus Fusarium. The isolate formed thick-walled hyaline, fusiform, slightly curved macroconidia, produced from monophialides in sporodochia, pointed at the tip, mostly 3 – 5 septate, occasionally 6 septate, and 40 – 68 × 3.8 – 5.0 µm in size with basal pedicellate cells. For more accurate taxonomic affiliation, molecular sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequences, and partial β-tubulin gene were performed. While the internal transcribed spacer sequence of the isolate showed the highest similarity to the Fraxinus oxysporum species, translation elongation factor 1-alpha and partial β-tubulin sequences were distantly related to the Fraxinus avenaceum species. Based on these data, the Fraxinus excelsior Fusarium isolate could probably be considered a new species of the Fusarium genus.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Fraxinus excelsior is currently suffering from ash dieback disease caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Co-occurrence of large numbers of other fungi with endophytic as well as pathogenic lifestyles has been observed on F. excelsior. In this study, new endophytic Fusarium spp. isolate Fraxinus excelsior Fusarium from Slovak territory, associated with F. excelsior, was characterised. Using morphology-based approaches, the fungus was assigned to the genus Fusarium. The isolate formed thick-walled hyaline, fusiform, slightly curved macroconidia, produced from monophialides in sporodochia, pointed at the tip, mostly 3 – 5 septate, occasionally 6 septate, and 40 – 68 × 3.8 – 5.0 µm in size with basal pedicellate cells. For more accurate taxonomic affiliation, molecular sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequences, and partial β-tubulin gene were performed. While the internal transcribed spacer sequence of the isolate showed the highest similarity to the Fraxinus oxysporum species, translation elongation factor 1-alpha and partial β-tubulin sequences were distantly related to the Fraxinus avenaceum species. Based on these data, the Fraxinus excelsior Fusarium isolate could probably be considered a new species of the Fusarium genus. |
Konôpková, Alena; Pšidová, Eva; Kurjak, Daniel; Stojnić, Srđan; Petrík, Peter; Jr, Peter Fleischer; Kučerová, Jana; Ježík, Marek; Petek, Anja; Gömöry, Dušan; Kmeť, Jaroslav; Longauer, Roman; Ditmarová, Ľubica Photosynthetic performance of silver fir (Abies alba) of different origins under suboptimal growing conditions Journal Article Functional Plant Biology, 47 (11), pp. 1007-1018, 2020, ISSN: 1445-4408. @article{Konôpková2020c, title = {Photosynthetic performance of silver fir (\textit{Abies alba}) of different origins under suboptimal growing conditions}, author = {Alena Konôpková and Eva Pšidová and Daniel Kurjak and Srđan Stojnić and Peter Petrík and Peter Fleischer Jr and Jana Kučerová and Marek Ježík and Anja Petek and Dušan Gömöry and Jaroslav Kmeť and Roman Longauer and Ľubica Ditmarová}, doi = {10.1071/FP20040}, issn = {1445-4408}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-24}, journal = {Functional Plant Biology}, volume = {47}, number = {11}, pages = {1007-1018}, abstract = {Understanding of the intraspecific variability in the physiological stress response of trees may enable to mitigate the impact of climate change on forest ecosystems in the future. We studied the photosynthetic performance of five silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances originating from climatically distinct localities. The study was performed in the trial plot of the silver fir provenance experiment IUFRO 2005 on two dates: in the early summer and in the late summer. Heat waves and a decrease in water availability occurred between the two measurement dates, allowing us to study the response of the provenances to suboptimal growing conditions. The provenances were evaluated at the level of PSII photochemistry and CO2 assimilation by measuring photosynthesis-related pigment content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and gas exchange parameters. Significant climatic clines were confirmed: the photosynthetic performance before and after the stress period increased with the increasing altitude and precipitation at the site of origin. In contrast, photosynthetic performance declined with the increasing temperature and Ellenberg’s quotient of the origin site. We concluded that provenances originating from high altitudes, corresponding well with more humid and colder conditions in Central Europe, showed the greatest photosynthetic performance and were less responsive to moderate heat and drought. This documents inter-population variation in physiological traits, which needs to be considered in setting rules and recommendations for the transfer of forest reproductive materials.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Understanding of the intraspecific variability in the physiological stress response of trees may enable to mitigate the impact of climate change on forest ecosystems in the future. We studied the photosynthetic performance of five silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances originating from climatically distinct localities. The study was performed in the trial plot of the silver fir provenance experiment IUFRO 2005 on two dates: in the early summer and in the late summer. Heat waves and a decrease in water availability occurred between the two measurement dates, allowing us to study the response of the provenances to suboptimal growing conditions. The provenances were evaluated at the level of PSII photochemistry and CO2 assimilation by measuring photosynthesis-related pigment content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and gas exchange parameters. Significant climatic clines were confirmed: the photosynthetic performance before and after the stress period increased with the increasing altitude and precipitation at the site of origin. In contrast, photosynthetic performance declined with the increasing temperature and Ellenberg’s quotient of the origin site. We concluded that provenances originating from high altitudes, corresponding well with more humid and colder conditions in Central Europe, showed the greatest photosynthetic performance and were less responsive to moderate heat and drought. This documents inter-population variation in physiological traits, which needs to be considered in setting rules and recommendations for the transfer of forest reproductive materials. |
Jančovičová, S; Adamčíková, K; Caboň, M; Adamčík, S How variable is Crepidotus variabilis? Journal Article Phytotaxa, 449 (3), pp. 243-264, 2020, ISSN: 1179-3155. @article{Jančovičová2020, title = {How variable is Crepidotus variabilis?}, author = {S. Jančovičová and K. Adamčíková and M. Caboň and S. Adamčík}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/fig-phytotaxa-sona-300x206.jpg}, doi = {doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.449.3.4}, issn = {1179-3155}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-23}, journal = {Phytotaxa}, volume = {449}, number = {3}, pages = {243-264}, abstract = {This study evaluates the morphological concept of Crepidotus variabilis and similar taxa based on basidiospore and cheilocystidia characters. A phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region clearly distinguished C. variabilis var. variabilis from the two other distinct taxa of the same lineage, C. variabilis var. trichocystis and C. neotrichocystis. We also recognised one additional morphologically similar and undescribed species that belongs to the C. variabilis lineage. All four taxa can also be recognised morphologically using basidiospore and cheilocystidia characters. Our detailed statistical comparison of these characters improves the knowledge of their variability and specifies more precisely the morphological circumscription of the taxa within this group.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study evaluates the morphological concept of Crepidotus variabilis and similar taxa based on basidiospore and cheilocystidia characters. A phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region clearly distinguished C. variabilis var. variabilis from the two other distinct taxa of the same lineage, C. variabilis var. trichocystis and C. neotrichocystis. We also recognised one additional morphologically similar and undescribed species that belongs to the C. variabilis lineage. All four taxa can also be recognised morphologically using basidiospore and cheilocystidia characters. Our detailed statistical comparison of these characters improves the knowledge of their variability and specifies more precisely the morphological circumscription of the taxa within this group. |
Brindza, J; Horčinová-Sedláčková, V; Grygorieva, O V; Klimenko, S; Kuklina, A; Svydenko, L; Vergun, O; Mňahončáková, E; Ostrovský, R; Ivanišová, E; Dítětová, P Názvy úžitkových druhov rastlín vo vybraných jazykoch Book Agrobiodiverzita pre lepšiu výživu, zdravie a kvalitu života, Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, 2020, ISBN: 978-80-552-2169-4. @book{Brindza2020, title = {Názvy úžitkových druhov rastlín vo vybraných jazykoch}, author = {J. Brindza and V. Horčinová-Sedláčková and O.V. Grygorieva and S. Klimenko and A. Kuklina and L. Svydenko and O. Vergun and E. Mňahončáková and R. Ostrovský and E. Ivanišová and P. Dítětová}, isbn = {978-80-552-2169-4}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-13}, publisher = {Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre}, edition = {Agrobiodiverzita pre lepšiu výživu, zdravie a kvalitu života}, abstract = {Kolektív autorov prezentuje 202 úžitkových druhov rastlín s oficiálnymi latinskými názvami podľa botanickej databázy Kráľovskej Botanickej záhrady v Kew známej pod názvom The Plant List (TPL - http://www.theplantlist.org/ ). Pri každom druhu sú uvedené aj viaceré názvy rastlinného druhu v jazykoch 21 európskych krajín a synonymá druhu. Informácia o každom druhu je doplnená aj fotodokumentáciou pre lepšiu identifikáciu druhu. Pevne veríme, že takto spracovaná publikácia umožní záujemcom využiť hlavne názvy rastlín v rôznych jazykoch pri získavaní nových a hlavne tradičných poznatkov o ich pestovaní a využívaní. BAB Odborné monografie vydané v domácich vydavateľstvách.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } Kolektív autorov prezentuje 202 úžitkových druhov rastlín s oficiálnymi latinskými názvami podľa botanickej databázy Kráľovskej Botanickej záhrady v Kew známej pod názvom The Plant List (TPL - http://www.theplantlist.org/ ). Pri každom druhu sú uvedené aj viaceré názvy rastlinného druhu v jazykoch 21 európskych krajín a synonymá druhu. Informácia o každom druhu je doplnená aj fotodokumentáciou pre lepšiu identifikáciu druhu. Pevne veríme, že takto spracovaná publikácia umožní záujemcom využiť hlavne názvy rastlín v rôznych jazykoch pri získavaní nových a hlavne tradičných poznatkov o ich pestovaní a využívaní. BAB Odborné monografie vydané v domácich vydavateľstvách. |
Slezák, Michal; Jarolímek, Ivan; Kochjarová, Judita; Hrivnák, Richard Floodplain forest vegetation in the northern part of the Western Carpathians Journal Article Biologia, 75 (11), pp. 1789-1799, 2020, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Slezák2020c, title = {Floodplain forest vegetation in the northern part of the Western Carpathians}, author = {Michal Slezák and Ivan Jarolímek and Judita Kochjarová and Richard Hrivnák }, doi = {10.2478/s11756-020-00527-6}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-08}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {75}, number = {11}, pages = {1789-1799}, abstract = {Floodplain forests, as diverse plant communities commonly related to riparian zones, host plant species with various ecological niches and origins. The phytosociological context of floodplain forests has been well described on national level in many European countries, however, there are still regions with relatively poorly known variability of their species composition and environmental drivers controlling their vegetation patterns. Vegetation sampling of floodplain forests using traditional European phytosociological approach along with the recording of environmental (climatic, edaphic, topographic) variables was carried out in the northern part of the Western Carpathians (Slovakia and Poland) in period of 2011–2016. We gathered dataset of 135 original phytosociological relevés, which were classified using modified TWINSPAN algorithm. Five associations were distinguished: (i) meso-eutrophic black alder swamp forests (Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae), (ii) montane oligotrophic mixed spruce-alder forests on waterlogged sites (Piceo abietis-Alnetum glutinosae), (iii) riparian willow forests (Salicetum fragilis), (iv) meso-hygrophilous riparian alder forests (Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae) and (v) riparian grey alder forests (Alnetum incanae). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) with forward selection was used to show effect of environmental factors on species composition variation. The explained variance declined from marginal (13.9%) and conditional (8.6%) to pure effect (7.5%), with altitude (1.6%), total soil nitrogen content (1.6%) and soil pH (1.4%) being the most important predictors accounted for the highest variation in species compositional data.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Floodplain forests, as diverse plant communities commonly related to riparian zones, host plant species with various ecological niches and origins. The phytosociological context of floodplain forests has been well described on national level in many European countries, however, there are still regions with relatively poorly known variability of their species composition and environmental drivers controlling their vegetation patterns. Vegetation sampling of floodplain forests using traditional European phytosociological approach along with the recording of environmental (climatic, edaphic, topographic) variables was carried out in the northern part of the Western Carpathians (Slovakia and Poland) in period of 2011–2016. We gathered dataset of 135 original phytosociological relevés, which were classified using modified TWINSPAN algorithm. Five associations were distinguished: (i) meso-eutrophic black alder swamp forests (Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae), (ii) montane oligotrophic mixed spruce-alder forests on waterlogged sites (Piceo abietis-Alnetum glutinosae), (iii) riparian willow forests (Salicetum fragilis), (iv) meso-hygrophilous riparian alder forests (Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae) and (v) riparian grey alder forests (Alnetum incanae). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) with forward selection was used to show effect of environmental factors on species composition variation. The explained variance declined from marginal (13.9%) and conditional (8.6%) to pure effect (7.5%), with altitude (1.6%), total soil nitrogen content (1.6%) and soil pH (1.4%) being the most important predictors accounted for the highest variation in species compositional data. |
Duračiová, Renata; Muňko, Milan; Barka, Ivan; Koreň, Milan; Resnerová, Karolina; Holuša, Jaroslav; Blaženec, Miroslav; Potterf, Mária; Jakuš, Rastislav A bark beetle infestation predictive model based on satellite data in the frame of decision support system TANABBO Journal Article iFOREST, 13 (3), pp. 215-223, 2020, ISSN: 1971-7458. @article{Duračiová2020, title = {A bark beetle infestation predictive model based on satellite data in the frame of decision support system TANABBO}, author = {Renata Duračiová and Milan Muňko and Ivan Barka and Milan Koreň and Karolina Resnerová and Jaroslav Holuša and Miroslav Blaženec and Mária Potterf and Rastislav Jakuš}, doi = {10.3832/ifor3271-013}, issn = {1971-7458}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-06}, journal = {iFOREST}, volume = {13}, number = {3}, pages = {215-223}, abstract = {The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus L. causes significant economic losses in managed coniferous forests in Central and Northern Europe. New infestations either occur in previously undisturbed forest stands (i.e., spot initiation) or depend on proximity to previous years’ infestations (i.e., spot spreading). Early identification of newly infested trees over the forested landscape limits the effective control measures. Accurate forecasting of the spread of bark beetle infestation is crucial to plan efficient sanitation felling of infested trees and prevent further propagation of beetle-induced tree mortality. We created a predictive model of subsequent year spot initiation and spot spreading within the TANABBO decision support system. The algorithm combines open-access Landsat-based vegetation change time-series data, a digital terrain model, and forest stand characteristics. We validated predicted susceptibility to bark beetle attack (separately for spot initiation and spot spreading) against beetle infestations in managed forests in the Bohemian Forest in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) in yearly time steps from 2007 to 2010. The predictive models of susceptibility to bark beetle attack had a high degree of reliability (area under the ROC curve - AUC: 0.75-0.82). We conclude that spot initiation and spot spreading prediction modules included within the TANABBO model have the potential to help forest managers to plan sanitation felling in managed forests under pressure of bark beetle outbreak.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus L. causes significant economic losses in managed coniferous forests in Central and Northern Europe. New infestations either occur in previously undisturbed forest stands (i.e., spot initiation) or depend on proximity to previous years’ infestations (i.e., spot spreading). Early identification of newly infested trees over the forested landscape limits the effective control measures. Accurate forecasting of the spread of bark beetle infestation is crucial to plan efficient sanitation felling of infested trees and prevent further propagation of beetle-induced tree mortality. We created a predictive model of subsequent year spot initiation and spot spreading within the TANABBO decision support system. The algorithm combines open-access Landsat-based vegetation change time-series data, a digital terrain model, and forest stand characteristics. We validated predicted susceptibility to bark beetle attack (separately for spot initiation and spot spreading) against beetle infestations in managed forests in the Bohemian Forest in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) in yearly time steps from 2007 to 2010. The predictive models of susceptibility to bark beetle attack had a high degree of reliability (area under the ROC curve - AUC: 0.75-0.82). We conclude that spot initiation and spot spreading prediction modules included within the TANABBO model have the potential to help forest managers to plan sanitation felling in managed forests under pressure of bark beetle outbreak. |
Bowditch, Euan; Santopuoli, Giovanni; Binder, Franz; del Río, Miren; Porta, Nicola La; Kluvankova, Tatiana; Lesinski, Jerzy; Motta, Renzo; Pach, Maciej; Panzacchi, Pietro; Pretzsch, Hans; Temperli, Christian; Tonon, Giustino; Smith, Melanie; Velikova, Violeta; Weatherall, Andrew; Tognetti, Roberto What is Climate-Smart Forestry? A definition from a multinational collaborative process focused on mountain regions of Europe Journal Article Ecosystem Services, 43 , 2020, ISSN: 2212-0416. @article{Bowditch2020, title = {What is Climate-Smart Forestry? A definition from a multinational collaborative process focused on mountain regions of Europe}, author = {Euan Bowditch and Giovanni Santopuoli and Franz Binder and Miren del Río and Nicola La Porta and Tatiana Kluvankova and Jerzy Lesinski and Renzo Motta and Maciej Pach and Pietro Panzacchi and Hans Pretzsch and Christian Temperli and Giustino Tonon and Melanie Smith and Violeta Velikova and Andrew Weatherall and Roberto Tognetti}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101113}, issn = {2212-0416}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-06-01}, journal = {Ecosystem Services}, volume = {43}, abstract = {Climate-Smart Forestry (CSF) is an emerging branch of sustainable forest management that aims to manage forests in response to climate change. Specific CSF strategies are viewed as a way forward for developing suitable management responses and enhancing the provision of ecosystem services. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive and cohesive assessment to implement CSF. This paper describes the step-by-step process that developed a comprehensive and shared definition of CSF, and the process for selecting indicators that assess the “climate-smartness” of forest management. Adaptation, mitigation and social dimensions are the core focus of the CSF definition, which recognises the need to integrate and avoid development of these aspects in isolation. An iterative participatory process was used with a range of experts in forest-related fields from the CLIMO project, this was subsequently supported by a network analysis to identify sustainable forest management indicators important to CSF. The definition developed here, is an important first step in to promote CSF that will aid practice in the forestry sector. It can be used as a template across Europe, tailored to local contexts. Further work communicating CSF to practitioners and policy-makers will create a CSF practice and culture that will help to safeguard future forest economies and communities.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Climate-Smart Forestry (CSF) is an emerging branch of sustainable forest management that aims to manage forests in response to climate change. Specific CSF strategies are viewed as a way forward for developing suitable management responses and enhancing the provision of ecosystem services. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive and cohesive assessment to implement CSF. This paper describes the step-by-step process that developed a comprehensive and shared definition of CSF, and the process for selecting indicators that assess the “climate-smartness” of forest management. Adaptation, mitigation and social dimensions are the core focus of the CSF definition, which recognises the need to integrate and avoid development of these aspects in isolation. An iterative participatory process was used with a range of experts in forest-related fields from the CLIMO project, this was subsequently supported by a network analysis to identify sustainable forest management indicators important to CSF. The definition developed here, is an important first step in to promote CSF that will aid practice in the forestry sector. It can be used as a template across Europe, tailored to local contexts. Further work communicating CSF to practitioners and policy-makers will create a CSF practice and culture that will help to safeguard future forest economies and communities. |
Pavlík, Martin; Fleischer, Peter; Jr., Peter Fleischer; Jr., Martin Pavlík; Šuleková, Miriama Evaluation of the Carbon Dioxide Production by Fungi Under Different Growing Conditions Journal Article Current Microbiology, 77 (9), pp. 2374-2384, 2020, ISSN: 0343-8651. @article{Pavlík2020, title = {Evaluation of the Carbon Dioxide Production by Fungi Under Different Growing Conditions}, author = {Martin Pavlík and Peter Fleischer and Peter Fleischer Jr. and Martin Pavlík Jr. and Miriama Šuleková }, doi = {10.1007/s00284-020-02033-z}, issn = {0343-8651}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-05-29}, journal = {Current Microbiology}, volume = {77}, number = {9}, pages = {2374-2384}, abstract = {Production of carbon dioxide, as one of the ultimate products of fungal metabolism, can be used to quantify and measure their metabolic rate under different conditions, thus aiding in finding the optimal substrate and environment for cultivation of wood-destroying fungi. This study is focused on species Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum,. These species are also cultivated for mycorestoration as well as their medicinal and nutritional value. To quantify their metabolical rate on various substrates (agar medium, wood chips, rye straw), multiple custom-built airtight chambers were equipped with CO2 probes (GMP 343, Vaisala, Finland) to measure the production of carbon dioxide. The highest values were measured during the primordial production on rye straw substrate, with the average values of 1.09 g CO2 kg−1 (substrate) h−1. These values varied significantly between various substrates, fungal species and development stages.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Production of carbon dioxide, as one of the ultimate products of fungal metabolism, can be used to quantify and measure their metabolic rate under different conditions, thus aiding in finding the optimal substrate and environment for cultivation of wood-destroying fungi. This study is focused on species Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum,. These species are also cultivated for mycorestoration as well as their medicinal and nutritional value. To quantify their metabolical rate on various substrates (agar medium, wood chips, rye straw), multiple custom-built airtight chambers were equipped with CO2 probes (GMP 343, Vaisala, Finland) to measure the production of carbon dioxide. The highest values were measured during the primordial production on rye straw substrate, with the average values of 1.09 g CO2 kg−1 (substrate) h−1. These values varied significantly between various substrates, fungal species and development stages. |
Pastirčáková, K; Adamčíková, K; Barta, M; Pažitný, J; Hoťka, P; Sarvašová, I; Kádasi-Horáková, M Host range of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in Slovak arboreta Journal Article Forests, 11 (5), pp. 1-18, Article Number: 596, 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Pastirčáková25.0, title = {Host range of \textit{Hymenoscyphus fraxineus} in Slovak arboreta}, author = {K. Pastirčáková and K. Adamčíková and M. Barta and J. Pažitný and P. Hoťka and I. Sarvašová and M. Kádasi-Horáková}, doi = {10.3390/f11050596}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-05-25}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, number = {5}, pages = {1-18, Article Number: 596}, abstract = {The health of 34 different Fraxinus taxa in association with the pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus was assessed in four Slovak arboreta. Averaged across all arboreta, nearly one-quarter (24.9%) of all evaluated trees showed ash dieback symptoms. The damage was most serious on the common ash F. excelsior, a native species. The percentage of dead trees did not exceed 2% for all evaluated trees. Generally, ash trees of all ages were affected, though the intensity of the damage varied among the sites. The identity of H. fraxineus was confirmed by conventional PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, as well as the 18S gene/ITS-2 region of the rDNA operon. In Slovakia, the pathogen has expanded its host range from native species not only to their ornamental cultivars, but also to introduced North American (F. cinerea, F. latifolia, F. pennsylvanica, F. quadrangulata) and Asian (F. bungeana, F. chinensis ssp. rhynchophylla, F. mandshurica) ash species. H. fraxineus was also observed on the previous year’s leaf petioles of the native European species F. ornus, considered a weakly susceptible host. In Slovak arboreta, H. fraxineus was found on 23 Fraxinus taxa; 21 of them represent first records for the country. F. bungeana is recorded as a new host species of H. fraxineus.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The health of 34 different Fraxinus taxa in association with the pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus was assessed in four Slovak arboreta. Averaged across all arboreta, nearly one-quarter (24.9%) of all evaluated trees showed ash dieback symptoms. The damage was most serious on the common ash F. excelsior, a native species. The percentage of dead trees did not exceed 2% for all evaluated trees. Generally, ash trees of all ages were affected, though the intensity of the damage varied among the sites. The identity of H. fraxineus was confirmed by conventional PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, as well as the 18S gene/ITS-2 region of the rDNA operon. In Slovakia, the pathogen has expanded its host range from native species not only to their ornamental cultivars, but also to introduced North American (F. cinerea, F. latifolia, F. pennsylvanica, F. quadrangulata) and Asian (F. bungeana, F. chinensis ssp. rhynchophylla, F. mandshurica) ash species. H. fraxineus was also observed on the previous year’s leaf petioles of the native European species F. ornus, considered a weakly susceptible host. In Slovak arboreta, H. fraxineus was found on 23 Fraxinus taxa; 21 of them represent first records for the country. F. bungeana is recorded as a new host species of H. fraxineus. |
Fiala, Tomáš; Holuša, Jaroslav; Procházka, Jiří; Čížek, Lukáš; Dzurenko, Marek; Foit, Jiří; Galko, Juraj; Kašák, Josef; Kulfan, Jan; Lakatos, Ferenc; Nakládal, Oto; Schlaghamerský, Jiří; Svatoš, Michal; Trombik, Jiří; Zábranský, Petr; Zach, Peter; Kula, Emanuel Xylosandrus germanus in Central Europe: Spread into and within the Czech Republic Journal Article Journal of Applied Entomology, 144 (6), pp. 423-433, 2020, ISSN: 0931-2048. @article{Fiala2020, title = {\textit{Xylosandrus germanus} in Central Europe: Spread into and within the Czech Republic}, author = {Tomáš Fiala and Jaroslav Holuša and Jiří Procházka and Lukáš Čížek and Marek Dzurenko and Jiří Foit and Juraj Galko and Josef Kašák and Jan Kulfan and Ferenc Lakatos and Oto Nakládal and Jiří Schlaghamerský and Michal Svatoš and Jiří Trombik and Petr Zábranský and Peter Zach and Emanuel Kula}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12759}, issn = {0931-2048}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-05-05}, journal = {Journal of Applied Entomology}, volume = {144}, number = {6}, pages = {423-433}, abstract = {Invasive organisms represent great threats to ecosystems and great challenges to forest management. In Europe, the black timber bark beetle (Xylosandrus germanus) is an invasive secondary pest that mostly attacks the logs of felled trees. We showed the invasion history for Europe and using many local surveys, we summarize the current distribution and other available information on X. germanus in the Czech Republic. We report that this species is distributed from the lowlands to the mountains in the Czech Republic; it is widespread in the eastern half of the country, where it is more abundant in the warmer south and southeast areas than in the cooler areas. Most (78%) of the known localities are at elevation below 400 m a.s.l. Although an ice storm greatly increased X. germanus abundance near the border with Austria, its high abundance did not result in damage to standing trees. Presence of X. germanus in the Czech Republic for over 10 years has not led to heavy tree infestation.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Invasive organisms represent great threats to ecosystems and great challenges to forest management. In Europe, the black timber bark beetle (Xylosandrus germanus) is an invasive secondary pest that mostly attacks the logs of felled trees. We showed the invasion history for Europe and using many local surveys, we summarize the current distribution and other available information on X. germanus in the Czech Republic. We report that this species is distributed from the lowlands to the mountains in the Czech Republic; it is widespread in the eastern half of the country, where it is more abundant in the warmer south and southeast areas than in the cooler areas. Most (78%) of the known localities are at elevation below 400 m a.s.l. Although an ice storm greatly increased X. germanus abundance near the border with Austria, its high abundance did not result in damage to standing trees. Presence of X. germanus in the Czech Republic for over 10 years has not led to heavy tree infestation. |
Hrivnák, Richard; Slezák, Michal; Blanár, Drahoš; Širka, Pavel; Šumberová, Kateřina Biodiversity Data Journal, 8 , 2020, ISSN: 1314-2836. @article{Hrivnák2020b, title = {Vegetation affinity of species \textit{Typha shuttleworthii} in the western part of the Carpathians, with \textit{Typhetum shuttleworthii} as a new association to Slovakia}, author = {Richard Hrivnák and Michal Slezák and Drahoš Blanár and Pavel Širka and Kateřina Šumberová}, doi = {10.3897/BDJ.8.e52151}, issn = {1314-2836}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-05-04}, journal = {Biodiversity Data Journal}, volume = {8}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Barna, Milan; Ferezliev, Angel; Tsakov, Hristo; Mihál, Ivan Investigations of mature Scots pine stands in windthrow areas in Norway spruce forests in Western Rhodopes Journal Article 47 (1), pp. 1-9, 2020, ISSN: 1336-5266. @article{Barna2020, title = {Investigations of mature Scots pine stands in windthrow areas in Norway spruce forests in Western Rhodopes}, author = {Milan Barna and Angel Ferezliev and Hristo Tsakov and Ivan Mihál}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/foecol-2020-0001.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0001}, issn = {1336-5266}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-30}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, abstract = {We investigated the current health condition (defoliation), state of natural regeneration, and mycoflora and phytopathogen-caused attacks in Scots pine forests (Pinus sylvestris L.) planted in the 1960s in areas affected by wind disturbances in the West Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria. Some damage types (resin outflow and anthropogenic damage) were present to a low extent in the research plots (S – Selishte and PK – Pobit Kamak). Some were missing completely (damage by deer and other animals, the presence of lignicolous fungi and abiotic damage). The most important results of this study were the following: i) the occurrence of the bark beetle pest Tomicus minor Hartig (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) was recorded on average in 4.6 (S) and 2.3 (PK) of fallen shoots under the tree crown within 1 m diameter around the stem; ii) significant damage to tree crowns due to the loss of assimilation organs in Scots pine trees (28% – S and 39% – PK, respectively) was several times higher than that recorded in Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) (10%); iii) tree species composition resulting from natural regeneration showed 95–100% proportion of Norway spruce despite the predominance of Scots pine in the maternal stand. These observations might provide evidence of unsuitable environmental conditions in the studied localities for pine forests on the southern range of the natural P. sylvestris occurrence. Forest management in similar ecological and climatic conditions should aim at significant diversification of the forest stand structure by utilizing tree species suitable for the given ecosystems.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We investigated the current health condition (defoliation), state of natural regeneration, and mycoflora and phytopathogen-caused attacks in Scots pine forests (Pinus sylvestris L.) planted in the 1960s in areas affected by wind disturbances in the West Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria. Some damage types (resin outflow and anthropogenic damage) were present to a low extent in the research plots (S – Selishte and PK – Pobit Kamak). Some were missing completely (damage by deer and other animals, the presence of lignicolous fungi and abiotic damage). The most important results of this study were the following: i) the occurrence of the bark beetle pest Tomicus minor Hartig (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) was recorded on average in 4.6 (S) and 2.3 (PK) of fallen shoots under the tree crown within 1 m diameter around the stem; ii) significant damage to tree crowns due to the loss of assimilation organs in Scots pine trees (28% – S and 39% – PK, respectively) was several times higher than that recorded in Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) (10%); iii) tree species composition resulting from natural regeneration showed 95–100% proportion of Norway spruce despite the predominance of Scots pine in the maternal stand. These observations might provide evidence of unsuitable environmental conditions in the studied localities for pine forests on the southern range of the natural P. sylvestris occurrence. Forest management in similar ecological and climatic conditions should aim at significant diversification of the forest stand structure by utilizing tree species suitable for the given ecosystems. |
Račko, Vladimír; Mihál, Ivan; Mišíková, Oľga Beech bark disease in Slovakia related to fungi of the genus Nectria s.l. and the anatomy of necrotised bark and wood: a brief review Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (1), pp. 16-22, 2020, ISSN: 1336-5266. @article{Račko2020, title = {Beech bark disease in Slovakia related to fungi of the genus Nectria s.l. and the anatomy of necrotised bark and wood: a brief review}, author = {Vladimír Račko and Ivan Mihál and Oľga Mišíková}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/foecol-2020-0003.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0003}, issn = {1336-5266}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-30}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {16-22}, abstract = {This short review summarises the history and current knowledge regarding beech bark disease (BBD) in Slovakia. Moreover, the results of ongoing long-term disease monitoring are summarised. The article also provides a list of the 29 Nectria s.l. species found to date in Slovakia, complete with information about their occurrence on host tree species. Above all, we highlight the need for histopathological research on beech tissues attacked by different Nectria spp. Notably, neither the defensive response mechanisms of host cellular tissues at the anatomical and biochemical levels nor the strategy of decomposition by different pathogens have been explored in beech.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This short review summarises the history and current knowledge regarding beech bark disease (BBD) in Slovakia. Moreover, the results of ongoing long-term disease monitoring are summarised. The article also provides a list of the 29 Nectria s.l. species found to date in Slovakia, complete with information about their occurrence on host tree species. Above all, we highlight the need for histopathological research on beech tissues attacked by different Nectria spp. Notably, neither the defensive response mechanisms of host cellular tissues at the anatomical and biochemical levels nor the strategy of decomposition by different pathogens have been explored in beech. |
Konôpková, Jana; Košútová, Dominika; Ferus, Peter Genotype-specific requirements for in vitro culture initiation and multiplication of Magnolia taxa Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (1), pp. 34-44, 2020, ISSN: 1336-5266. @article{Konôpková2020, title = {Genotype-specific requirements for in vitro culture initiation and multiplication of Magnolia taxa}, author = {Jana Konôpková and Dominika Košútová and Peter Ferus}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/foecol-2020-0005.pdf}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2020-0005}, issn = {1336-5266}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-30}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {34-44}, abstract = {The influence of basal media composition, concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs), and the developmental stage of primary explants (dormancy, stage of bud opening and fruit ripening) on the initiation phase of nine Magnolia genotypes, including M. stellata /Sieb. & Zucc./Maxim., M. × soulangeana 'Rustica Rubra', M. denudata Desr., M. × soulangeana 'Alexandrina', M. liliiflora Desr., M. officinalis var. biloba Rehd. & Wils., M. salicifolia Maxim., M. × soulangeana 'Lennei', and M. kobus DC, was evaluated. The highest efficiency of primary culture initiation of seven Magnolia genotypes (except for M. liliiflora and M. salicifolia) was achieved from primary explants collected in the bud opening stage. A high positive correlation was found between total tannins and efficiency of the primary culture initiation at the fruit ripening stage (r = 0.833). Standardi and Catalano medium (S2) with 0.5 mg l–1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the most appropriate for multiplication of M. × soulangeana 'Alexandrina', whereas tissue cultures of M. × soulangeana 'Lennei' proliferated and grew better on S2 medium with 1.0 mg l–1 of BAP and 1.0 g l–1 of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The requirements for the composition of basal media and concentration of PGRs in the initiation and multiplication stages of micropropagation of various Magnolia species and cultivars are genotype-specific.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The influence of basal media composition, concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs), and the developmental stage of primary explants (dormancy, stage of bud opening and fruit ripening) on the initiation phase of nine Magnolia genotypes, including M. stellata /Sieb. & Zucc./Maxim., M. × soulangeana 'Rustica Rubra', M. denudata Desr., M. × soulangeana 'Alexandrina', M. liliiflora Desr., M. officinalis var. biloba Rehd. & Wils., M. salicifolia Maxim., M. × soulangeana 'Lennei', and M. kobus DC, was evaluated. The highest efficiency of primary culture initiation of seven Magnolia genotypes (except for M. liliiflora and M. salicifolia) was achieved from primary explants collected in the bud opening stage. A high positive correlation was found between total tannins and efficiency of the primary culture initiation at the fruit ripening stage (r = 0.833). Standardi and Catalano medium (S2) with 0.5 mg l–1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the most appropriate for multiplication of M. × soulangeana 'Alexandrina', whereas tissue cultures of M. × soulangeana 'Lennei' proliferated and grew better on S2 medium with 1.0 mg l–1 of BAP and 1.0 g l–1 of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The requirements for the composition of basal media and concentration of PGRs in the initiation and multiplication stages of micropropagation of various Magnolia species and cultivars are genotype-specific. |
Dudáš, Matej; Eliáš, Pavol; jun., Pavol Eliáš; Hrivnák, Matúš; Hrivnák, Richard; Marcinčinová, Margaréta; Mokráň, Marián; Pliszko, Artur; Slezák, Michal; Veverka, Martin New floristic records from Central Europe 5 Journal Article Thaiszia, 30 (1), pp. 103-114, 2020, ISSN: 1210-0420. @article{Dudáš2020, title = {New floristic records from Central Europe 5}, author = {Matej Dudáš and Pavol Eliáš and Pavol Eliáš jun. and Matúš Hrivnák and Richard Hrivnák and Margaréta Marcinčinová and Marián Mokráň and Artur Pliszko and Michal Slezák and Martin Veverka}, doi = {10.33542/TJB2020-1-08}, issn = {1210-0420}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-23}, journal = {Thaiszia}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, pages = {103-114}, abstract = {The present fifth part of the series includes 27 new chorological records of vascular plants, seven from Czechia (Asperugo procumbens, Eragrostis pilosa, Malva pusilla, Pseudofumaria lutea, Verbascum blattaria, V. speciosum, Vulpia myuros); Geranium macrorrhizum from Hungary; Bromus secalinus and Erucastrum gallicum from Poland and three taxa from Romania (Sonchus palustris, Ranunculus ophioglossifolius and alien Xanthium spinosum). In Slovakia twelve native species (Cladium mariscus, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Gnaphalium luteoalbum, Juncus subnodulosus, Lindernia procumbens, Origanum vulgare subsp. prismaticum, Sonchus palustris, Taraxacum bessarabicum, T. cristatum, T. paludem-ornans and T. parnassicum) and two alien (Brachyactis ciliata and Datura innoxia) were found. Distribution map of critically endangered species Typha shuttleworthii and Taraxacum paludem-ornans with new localities in Slovakia are presented.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The present fifth part of the series includes 27 new chorological records of vascular plants, seven from Czechia (Asperugo procumbens, Eragrostis pilosa, Malva pusilla, Pseudofumaria lutea, Verbascum blattaria, V. speciosum, Vulpia myuros); Geranium macrorrhizum from Hungary; Bromus secalinus and Erucastrum gallicum from Poland and three taxa from Romania (Sonchus palustris, Ranunculus ophioglossifolius and alien Xanthium spinosum). In Slovakia twelve native species (Cladium mariscus, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Gnaphalium luteoalbum, Juncus subnodulosus, Lindernia procumbens, Origanum vulgare subsp. prismaticum, Sonchus palustris, Taraxacum bessarabicum, T. cristatum, T. paludem-ornans and T. parnassicum) and two alien (Brachyactis ciliata and Datura innoxia) were found. Distribution map of critically endangered species Typha shuttleworthii and Taraxacum paludem-ornans with new localities in Slovakia are presented. |
Rovná, Katarína; Ivanišová, Eva; Žiarovská, Jana; Ferus, Peter; Terentjeva, Margarita; Kowalczewski, Przemysław Łukasz; Kačániová, Miroslava Molecules, 25 (8), 2020, ISSN: 1420-3049. @article{Rovná2020, title = {Characterization of \textit{rosa canina} fruits collected in urban areas of Slovakia. Genome size, IPBS profiles and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities}, author = {Katarína Rovná and Eva Ivanišová and Jana Žiarovská and Peter Ferus and Margarita Terentjeva and Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski and Miroslava Kačániová}, doi = {10.3390/molecules25081888}, issn = {1420-3049}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-19}, journal = {Molecules}, volume = {25}, number = {8}, abstract = {The studies of plant bacterial endophytes, colonizing the plant tissues without any signs of diseases, are essential for understanding of ecological interactions. The aim of our study is to detect microbiological contamination and to assess the antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, total phenolic, carotenoid content, genome size, and ploidy of non-cultivated Rosa canina sampled from urban areas. Samples of Rosa canina fruits were collected in three locations in Slovakia. The highest total viable count and the Enterobacteriaceae count in fruits were 4.32 log CFU/g and 4.29 log CFU/g, respectively. Counts of the mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., and of the microscopic fungi and yeasts were 3.00, 2.15 log CFU/g, 3.65 log CFU/g, and 2.76 log CFU/g, respectively. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli and Klebsiela oxytoca were the most sensitive species among the assayed microorganisms to the treatment with the ethanolic extracts of Rosa canina fruits. The fruits were rich in bioactive compounds, polyphenols, and carotenoids, that could be related to their antioxidant activity. Genome sizes of analyzed samples ranged from 2.3 to 2.96. DNA-based fingerprinting obtained by iPBS markers of the Rosa canina var. lapidicola Heinr. Braun., was characterized by some distinctive inserted loci. An interdisciplinary study was performed for the dog roses from different parts of Slovakia that resulted in deeper characterization of this species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The studies of plant bacterial endophytes, colonizing the plant tissues without any signs of diseases, are essential for understanding of ecological interactions. The aim of our study is to detect microbiological contamination and to assess the antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, total phenolic, carotenoid content, genome size, and ploidy of non-cultivated Rosa canina sampled from urban areas. Samples of Rosa canina fruits were collected in three locations in Slovakia. The highest total viable count and the Enterobacteriaceae count in fruits were 4.32 log CFU/g and 4.29 log CFU/g, respectively. Counts of the mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., and of the microscopic fungi and yeasts were 3.00, 2.15 log CFU/g, 3.65 log CFU/g, and 2.76 log CFU/g, respectively. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli and Klebsiela oxytoca were the most sensitive species among the assayed microorganisms to the treatment with the ethanolic extracts of Rosa canina fruits. The fruits were rich in bioactive compounds, polyphenols, and carotenoids, that could be related to their antioxidant activity. Genome sizes of analyzed samples ranged from 2.3 to 2.96. DNA-based fingerprinting obtained by iPBS markers of the Rosa canina var. lapidicola Heinr. Braun., was characterized by some distinctive inserted loci. An interdisciplinary study was performed for the dog roses from different parts of Slovakia that resulted in deeper characterization of this species. |
Hrivnák, Matúš; Slezák, Michal; Galvánek, Dobromil; Vlčko, Jaroslav; Belanová, Eva; Rízová, Veronika; Senko, Dušan; Hrivnák, Richard Species Richness, Ecology, and Prediction of Orchids in Central Europe: Local-Scale Study Journal Article Diversity-Basel, 12 (4), 2020, ISSN: 1424-2818. @article{Hrivnák2020, title = {Species Richness, Ecology, and Prediction of Orchids in Central Europe: Local-Scale Study}, author = {Matúš Hrivnák and Michal Slezák and Dobromil Galvánek and Jaroslav Vlčko and Eva Belanová and Veronika Rízová and Dušan Senko and Richard Hrivnák}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/d12040154}, issn = {1424-2818}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-17}, journal = {Diversity-Basel}, volume = {12}, number = {4}, abstract = {Orchids are one of the most species-rich families in the world, and many species are under threat in numerous countries. Biodiversity research focusing on the relationship between the richness of orchid species and ecological factors was performed across the Cerová vrchovina Mts (Western Carpathians) testing impact of 26 explanatory variables. We aimed to determine the main ecological predictors controlling species richness and to predict potential species richness patterns. Altogether, 19 orchid species were found in the studied area, with Cephalanthera damasonium and Epipactis microphylla being the most common. Four environmental predictors (minimal longitude, carbonate-containing sediments, maximal yearly solar irradiation, and agricultural land) had statistically significant effects on orchid richness following regression analysis. Predictive models for the nine most frequent species using MaxEnt software showed (i) that land cover and geological substrate had the highest contribution to the explained variance in the models and (ii) strong potential for occurrence of given orchids in several poorly mapped parts of the studied area.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Orchids are one of the most species-rich families in the world, and many species are under threat in numerous countries. Biodiversity research focusing on the relationship between the richness of orchid species and ecological factors was performed across the Cerová vrchovina Mts (Western Carpathians) testing impact of 26 explanatory variables. We aimed to determine the main ecological predictors controlling species richness and to predict potential species richness patterns. Altogether, 19 orchid species were found in the studied area, with Cephalanthera damasonium and Epipactis microphylla being the most common. Four environmental predictors (minimal longitude, carbonate-containing sediments, maximal yearly solar irradiation, and agricultural land) had statistically significant effects on orchid richness following regression analysis. Predictive models for the nine most frequent species using MaxEnt software showed (i) that land cover and geological substrate had the highest contribution to the explained variance in the models and (ii) strong potential for occurrence of given orchids in several poorly mapped parts of the studied area. |
Rusín, Jiří; Mudrončeková, Silvia; Barta, Marek; Chamrádová, Kateřina Spruce bark beetles as a biological waste that can be processed in a biogas plant Journal Article Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 44 (2), pp. 169-179, 2020, ISSN: 1300-011X. @article{Rusín2020, title = {Spruce bark beetles as a biological waste that can be processed in a biogas plant}, author = {Jiří Rusín and Silvia Mudrončeková and Marek Barta and Kateřina Chamrádová}, url = {https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/abstract.htm?id=26786}, doi = {10.3906/tar-1902-13}, issn = {1300-011X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-04-01}, journal = {Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry}, volume = {44}, number = {2}, pages = {169-179}, abstract = {Biogas plays an important role in reducing the amount of biowaste that is converted to methane which is usable by multiple pathways in the energy sector. Bark beetles are among the most important pests of spruce forests in Europe. Principal measures of managing bark beetle populations include trapping them with pheromone traps. Biomass of bark beetles collected by the traps constitutes a waste of forest resources that could potentially be processed in biogas plants. The aim of this study was to provide information about the trapping of bark beetles by pheromone traps in Tatra National Park during 2005–2018 and to verify the energy potential of a combination of liquid digestate and bark beetle biomass collected by pheromone traps. The bark beetle biomass is a seasonal small volume nitrogen-rich material which could be processed at agricultural biogas plants. The biochemical methane potential batch test performed at 40 °C showed a high degree of digestion of milled beetles within 40 days, with a methane production of 0.242 Nm3 per kilogram of total solids (TS). The single-stage low-solids mesophilic fed-batch anaerobic digestion of untreated beetles was carried out in a lab-scale rotary drum reactor. Within 52 days, the average organic loading rate was 1.019 kg VS m–3 day–1, where VS stands for volatile solids. The specific biogas and methane production reached 0.218 Nm3 kg–1 TS and 0.140 Nm3 kg–1 TS, respectively. The cuticles of the beetle bodies were not obviously disturbed by the fermentation process. The digestate was quite rich in nitrogen, but the other element contents did not differ too much from fertilizer made from manure or phytomass.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Biogas plays an important role in reducing the amount of biowaste that is converted to methane which is usable by multiple pathways in the energy sector. Bark beetles are among the most important pests of spruce forests in Europe. Principal measures of managing bark beetle populations include trapping them with pheromone traps. Biomass of bark beetles collected by the traps constitutes a waste of forest resources that could potentially be processed in biogas plants. The aim of this study was to provide information about the trapping of bark beetles by pheromone traps in Tatra National Park during 2005–2018 and to verify the energy potential of a combination of liquid digestate and bark beetle biomass collected by pheromone traps. The bark beetle biomass is a seasonal small volume nitrogen-rich material which could be processed at agricultural biogas plants. The biochemical methane potential batch test performed at 40 °C showed a high degree of digestion of milled beetles within 40 days, with a methane production of 0.242 Nm3 per kilogram of total solids (TS). The single-stage low-solids mesophilic fed-batch anaerobic digestion of untreated beetles was carried out in a lab-scale rotary drum reactor. Within 52 days, the average organic loading rate was 1.019 kg VS m–3 day–1, where VS stands for volatile solids. The specific biogas and methane production reached 0.218 Nm3 kg–1 TS and 0.140 Nm3 kg–1 TS, respectively. The cuticles of the beetle bodies were not obviously disturbed by the fermentation process. The digestate was quite rich in nitrogen, but the other element contents did not differ too much from fertilizer made from manure or phytomass. |
Honek, Alois; Brown, Peter M J; Martinkova, Zdenka; Skuhrovec, Jiri; Brabec, Marek; Burgio, Giovanni; Evans, Edward W; Fournier, Marc; Grez, Audrey A; Kulfan, Jan; Lami, Francesco; Lucas, Eric; Lumbierres, Belén; Masetti, Antonio; Mogilevich, Timofej; Orlova-Bienkowskaja, Marina; Phillips, William M; Pons, Xavier; Strobach, Jan; Viglasova, Sandra; Zach, Peter; Zaviezo, Tania Factors determining variation in colour morph frequencies in invasive Harmonia axyridis populations Journal Article Biological Invasions, 22 , pp. 2049–2062, 2020, ISSN: 1387-3547. @article{Honek2020, title = {Factors determining variation in colour morph frequencies in invasive \textit{Harmonia axyridis} populations}, author = {Alois Honek and Peter M. J. Brown and Zdenka Martinkova and Jiri Skuhrovec and Marek Brabec and Giovanni Burgio and Edward W. Evans and Marc Fournier and Audrey A. Grez and Jan Kulfan and Francesco Lami and Eric Lucas and Belén Lumbierres and Antonio Masetti and Timofej Mogilevich and Marina Orlova-Bienkowskaja and William M. Phillips and Xavier Pons and Jan Strobach and Sandra Viglasova and Peter Zach and Tania Zaviezo }, doi = {10.1007/s10530-020-02238-0}, issn = {1387-3547}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-03-13}, journal = {Biological Invasions}, volume = {22}, pages = {2049–2062}, abstract = {The Harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas, native to eastern Asia, is an invasive, non-native species that has recently achieved an almost worldwide distribution. A conspicuous feature of this species is colour polymorphism of the elytra. In its native area, the populations consist of a recessive non-melanic morph, several dominant melanic morphs and small numbers of other (rare) morphs. The morph proportions in native populations have been intensively studied and vary with geographic area, climate and time. In contrast, colour polymorphism in invaded regions has been little studied. We examine and try to account for the morph frequencies observed across the different invaded regions. In America, monomorphic populations consist of the non-melanic morphs while European populations contain also melanic morphs. In particular geographic areas of Europe, the average percentage of the non-melanic morphs varied between 78 and 99%. It was highest in the lowlands of northern Italy and central and northern Europe and decreased in the Alps and western (Spain, UK) and eastern (southeast Russia) margins of the recently invaded area. In central Europe the frequency of the non-melanic morphs decreased over the course of the year but increased over the years from 2010 to 2018. The local differences might thus arise through gradual change of the morph composition of the founder invasive, non-native population. However, the variation in non-melanic morph frequency was not correlated with climatic characteristics that might affect coccinellid polymorphism. The observed rate of change in morph proportions in our data was too small to explain the diversification of what was supposedly a uniform invasive, non-native population at the point of introduction.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pallas, native to eastern Asia, is an invasive, non-native species that has recently achieved an almost worldwide distribution. A conspicuous feature of this species is colour polymorphism of the elytra. In its native area, the populations consist of a recessive non-melanic morph, several dominant melanic morphs and small numbers of other (rare) morphs. The morph proportions in native populations have been intensively studied and vary with geographic area, climate and time. In contrast, colour polymorphism in invaded regions has been little studied. We examine and try to account for the morph frequencies observed across the different invaded regions. In America, monomorphic populations consist of the non-melanic morphs while European populations contain also melanic morphs. In particular geographic areas of Europe, the average percentage of the non-melanic morphs varied between 78 and 99%. It was highest in the lowlands of northern Italy and central and northern Europe and decreased in the Alps and western (Spain, UK) and eastern (southeast Russia) margins of the recently invaded area. In central Europe the frequency of the non-melanic morphs decreased over the course of the year but increased over the years from 2010 to 2018. The local differences might thus arise through gradual change of the morph composition of the founder invasive, non-native population. However, the variation in non-melanic morph frequency was not correlated with climatic characteristics that might affect coccinellid polymorphism. The observed rate of change in morph proportions in our data was too small to explain the diversification of what was supposedly a uniform invasive, non-native population at the point of introduction. |
Janík, Rastislav; Kubov, Martin; Schieber, Branislav The ground-level ozone concentration in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests in the West Carpathian Mountains Journal Article Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192 (4), pp. 47-56, 2020, ISSN: 0167-6369. @article{Janík2020, title = {The ground-level ozone concentration in beech (\textit{Fagus sylvatica} L.) forests in the West Carpathian Mountains}, author = {Rastislav Janík and Martin Kubov and Branislav Schieber }, doi = {10.1007/s10661-020-8176-7}, issn = {0167-6369}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-03-12}, journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment}, volume = {192}, number = {4}, pages = {47-56}, abstract = {The amount of ground-level ozone in beech forests depends not only on the pollution intensity but also on the other environmental factors. This paper presents the analysis of the concentrations of ground-level ozone during the growing season (April–September) of beech trees, which represent the main objects modifying the microclimate conditions inside the forest. The research was localized in the Kremnické vrchy Mountains in Slovakia and realized during the period of 2004–2013. The study was carried out on four research plots with different stand structure which was caused by various intensities of cuts. Our results showed that the maximum concentration of ozone during this period was observed on the plot where the original beech stand (without management intervention) grown—maximal concentration reached the values from 44.0 to 50.0 ppb (in the sub-periods 2004–2008 and 2009–2013, respectively). On the other hand, the minimum concentration, 14.0 ppb, was found immediately after the cutting in 2004 on the plot, where all adult trees were removed. A similar course was found within average values of the ozone concentration on the research plots. Despite the fact that the results did not confirm significant differences among the plots, temporal trend showed an increasing concentration of ozone on all plots during the study period.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The amount of ground-level ozone in beech forests depends not only on the pollution intensity but also on the other environmental factors. This paper presents the analysis of the concentrations of ground-level ozone during the growing season (April–September) of beech trees, which represent the main objects modifying the microclimate conditions inside the forest. The research was localized in the Kremnické vrchy Mountains in Slovakia and realized during the period of 2004–2013. The study was carried out on four research plots with different stand structure which was caused by various intensities of cuts. Our results showed that the maximum concentration of ozone during this period was observed on the plot where the original beech stand (without management intervention) grown—maximal concentration reached the values from 44.0 to 50.0 ppb (in the sub-periods 2004–2008 and 2009–2013, respectively). On the other hand, the minimum concentration, 14.0 ppb, was found immediately after the cutting in 2004 on the plot, where all adult trees were removed. A similar course was found within average values of the ozone concentration on the research plots. Despite the fact that the results did not confirm significant differences among the plots, temporal trend showed an increasing concentration of ozone on all plots during the study period. |
Repel, Matej; Zámečník, Matej; Jarčuška, Benjamín Temporal changes in bird communities of wind-affected coniferous mountain forest in differently disturbed stands (High Tatra Mts., Slovakia) Journal Article Biologia, 75 , pp. 1931–1943, 2020, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Repel2020, title = {Temporal changes in bird communities of wind-affected coniferous mountain forest in differently disturbed stands (High Tatra Mts., Slovakia)}, author = {Matej Repel and Matej Zámečník and Benjamín Jarčuška }, doi = {10.2478/s11756-020-00455-5}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-03-04}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {75}, pages = {1931–1943}, abstract = {In November 2004 a large windstorm affected forests dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst, 1881) in the High Tatras National Park, Slovakia, and was followed by a wildfire (2005) and bark beetle outbreak. In this study we investigate temporal changes of breeding bird community (their species richness, density and diversity) as well as different nest-position guilds, in relation to disturbance type. Bird species composition was surveyed in two periods (2006 and 2007, and 2017 and 2018) using the point count method on four plots differing by disturbance type – undisturbed forest, unlogged windthrow, salvage logged windthrow and burnt salvage logged windthrow. A total of three visits per point and breeding season were performed at forty point count sites. We also assessed the successional shift in habitat characteristics between the two monitored periods. In total, 55 bird species and 2059 individuals were recorded on the plots during the study. We observed no effect of disturbance type on mean species richness, abundance and Simpson’s diversity per point; however, those characteristics did significantly increase over the study duration. While differently disturbed points had previously differed in their (nest-position) guild number and diversity, the differences between them disappeared over time. We found different trajectories of temporal change in the composition of the species communities and guild diversity in relation to disturbance type, but in a similar direction. During the first period, the greater the initial differences in the severity of disturbance among the disturbance types, the greater the differences were in the composition of bird communities; however, the differences gradually diminished as the forests regenerated. Alterations in habitat structure caused by natural and anthropogenic disturbance and by subsequent succession were the most probable reasons for the altered bird communities and observed patterns of recovery.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In November 2004 a large windstorm affected forests dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst, 1881) in the High Tatras National Park, Slovakia, and was followed by a wildfire (2005) and bark beetle outbreak. In this study we investigate temporal changes of breeding bird community (their species richness, density and diversity) as well as different nest-position guilds, in relation to disturbance type. Bird species composition was surveyed in two periods (2006 and 2007, and 2017 and 2018) using the point count method on four plots differing by disturbance type – undisturbed forest, unlogged windthrow, salvage logged windthrow and burnt salvage logged windthrow. A total of three visits per point and breeding season were performed at forty point count sites. We also assessed the successional shift in habitat characteristics between the two monitored periods. In total, 55 bird species and 2059 individuals were recorded on the plots during the study. We observed no effect of disturbance type on mean species richness, abundance and Simpson’s diversity per point; however, those characteristics did significantly increase over the study duration. While differently disturbed points had previously differed in their (nest-position) guild number and diversity, the differences between them disappeared over time. We found different trajectories of temporal change in the composition of the species communities and guild diversity in relation to disturbance type, but in a similar direction. During the first period, the greater the initial differences in the severity of disturbance among the disturbance types, the greater the differences were in the composition of bird communities; however, the differences gradually diminished as the forests regenerated. Alterations in habitat structure caused by natural and anthropogenic disturbance and by subsequent succession were the most probable reasons for the altered bird communities and observed patterns of recovery. |
Sarvašová, Lenka; Kulfan, Ján; Saniga, Miroslav; Zúbrik, Milan; Zach, Peter Winter geometrid moths in oak forests : Is monitoring a single species reliable to predict defoliation risk? Journal Article Forests, 11 (3), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Sarvašová2020, title = {Winter geometrid moths in oak forests : Is monitoring a single species reliable to predict defoliation risk?}, author = {Lenka Sarvašová and Ján Kulfan and Miroslav Saniga and Milan Zúbrik and Peter Zach}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/f11030288}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-03-02}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, number = {3}, abstract = {Species within the group of winter moths (Geometridae) are important oak defoliators in European forests. Adults of these species emerge either in late autumn (‘autumn species’) or in early spring (‘spring species’), and caterpillars of both ‘autumn’ and ‘spring’ species appear in spring. The abundance of adults assessed by regular monitoring allows the prediction of the defoliation intensity in trees by caterpillars in the following spring. ‘Autumn species’ (mostly a single one, Operophtera brumata) are monitored by forestry practices as pests, whereas ‘spring species’ are often not paid any attention. We hypothesised that ‘spring species’ could also have an important share in caterpillar assemblages in oak forests. We aimed to study the proportions between ‘autumn’ and ‘spring’ species in adult and larval stages. In a xeric thermophilous oak forest in southern Slovakia, Central Europe, we collected adult moths using sticky bands set up on trunks of Quercus pubescens during the winter of 2014–2015 and caterpillars from other trees belonging to the same oak species over the following spring. We also captured caterpillars from several oak species in various areas and over different years in Slovakia and Bulgaria, and we compiled relevant literature data. ‘Spring species’ recorded from a unique forest as adults during winter and as caterpillars in the following spring were significantly more abundant than ‘autumn species.’ Moreover, ‘spring species’ from Slovakian forests, regardless of the locality, the oak species and the year of sampling, reached high proportions, mostly over 50% of individuals in caterpillar assemblages. The ‘spring species’ Agriopis leucophaearia was the most abundant, followed by the ‘autumn species’ Operophtera brumata. ‘Spring species’ accounted for more than 50% of individuals in caterpillar assemblages in the Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria) concerning one case, and they were of little importance in northern Greece. We recommend monitoring all winter moth adults (‘autumn’ and ‘spring’ species together) continuously in forestry practices, using sticky bands on oak trees from late autumn to early spring.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Species within the group of winter moths (Geometridae) are important oak defoliators in European forests. Adults of these species emerge either in late autumn (‘autumn species’) or in early spring (‘spring species’), and caterpillars of both ‘autumn’ and ‘spring’ species appear in spring. The abundance of adults assessed by regular monitoring allows the prediction of the defoliation intensity in trees by caterpillars in the following spring. ‘Autumn species’ (mostly a single one, Operophtera brumata) are monitored by forestry practices as pests, whereas ‘spring species’ are often not paid any attention. We hypothesised that ‘spring species’ could also have an important share in caterpillar assemblages in oak forests. We aimed to study the proportions between ‘autumn’ and ‘spring’ species in adult and larval stages. In a xeric thermophilous oak forest in southern Slovakia, Central Europe, we collected adult moths using sticky bands set up on trunks of Quercus pubescens during the winter of 2014–2015 and caterpillars from other trees belonging to the same oak species over the following spring. We also captured caterpillars from several oak species in various areas and over different years in Slovakia and Bulgaria, and we compiled relevant literature data. ‘Spring species’ recorded from a unique forest as adults during winter and as caterpillars in the following spring were significantly more abundant than ‘autumn species.’ Moreover, ‘spring species’ from Slovakian forests, regardless of the locality, the oak species and the year of sampling, reached high proportions, mostly over 50% of individuals in caterpillar assemblages. The ‘spring species’ Agriopis leucophaearia was the most abundant, followed by the ‘autumn species’ Operophtera brumata. ‘Spring species’ accounted for more than 50% of individuals in caterpillar assemblages in the Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria) concerning one case, and they were of little importance in northern Greece. We recommend monitoring all winter moth adults (‘autumn’ and ‘spring’ species together) continuously in forestry practices, using sticky bands on oak trees from late autumn to early spring. |
Dorková, Martina; Krištín, Anton; Jarčuška, Benjamín; Kaňuch, Peter The mosaic distribution pattern of two sister bush-cricket species and the possible role of reproductive interference Journal Article Ecology and Evolution, 10 (5), pp. 2570-2578, 2020, ISSN: 2045-7758. @article{Dorková2020, title = {The mosaic distribution pattern of two sister bush-cricket species and the possible role of reproductive interference}, author = {Martina Dorková and Anton Krištín and Benjamín Jarčuška and Peter Kaňuch}, doi = {0.3390/f11030288}, issn = {2045-7758}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-02-08}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, number = {5}, pages = {2570-2578}, abstract = {Reproductive interference can shape regional distribution patterns in closely related species, if prezygotic isolation barriers are weak. The study of such interaction could be more challenging in nuptial gift‐giving species due to the direct nutritional effects on both sexes of both species during copulation. We mapped the distribution of two sister bush‐cricket species, Pholidoptera aptera and Pholidoptera transsylvanica, at the northern margin of their overlapping ranges in Europe, and with a behavioral experiment, we tested the possibility of heterospecific mating. We found a very rare coexistence of species locally (0.5%, n = 391 sites) with mostly mutually exclusive distribution patterns, resulting in a mosaic pattern of sympatry, whereas they occupied the same climate niche in forest‐dominated mountain landscape. Over 14 days of a mating experiment with seven mixed groups of conspecifics and heterospecifics (n = 56 individuals in total), the number of received spermatophores per female was 3–6 in P. aptera and 1–7 in P. transsylvanica. In total, we found 8.1% of heterospecific copulations (n = 99 transferred spermatophores with genetic identification of the donor species), while we also confirmed successful transfer of heterospecific sperms into a female's reproductive system. Because bush‐cricket females also obtain required nutrition from a heterospecific spermatophylax what should increase their fitness and fecundity, we suggest that their flexibility to mate with heterospecifics is beneficial and drives reproductive interference. This may substantially limit the reproductive success of the less frequent species (P. transsylvanica), coupled with eventual detrimental effects from hybridization, and result in the competitive exclusion of that species from their areas of coexistence.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Reproductive interference can shape regional distribution patterns in closely related species, if prezygotic isolation barriers are weak. The study of such interaction could be more challenging in nuptial gift‐giving species due to the direct nutritional effects on both sexes of both species during copulation. We mapped the distribution of two sister bush‐cricket species, Pholidoptera aptera and Pholidoptera transsylvanica, at the northern margin of their overlapping ranges in Europe, and with a behavioral experiment, we tested the possibility of heterospecific mating. We found a very rare coexistence of species locally (0.5%, n = 391 sites) with mostly mutually exclusive distribution patterns, resulting in a mosaic pattern of sympatry, whereas they occupied the same climate niche in forest‐dominated mountain landscape. Over 14 days of a mating experiment with seven mixed groups of conspecifics and heterospecifics (n = 56 individuals in total), the number of received spermatophores per female was 3–6 in P. aptera and 1–7 in P. transsylvanica. In total, we found 8.1% of heterospecific copulations (n = 99 transferred spermatophores with genetic identification of the donor species), while we also confirmed successful transfer of heterospecific sperms into a female's reproductive system. Because bush‐cricket females also obtain required nutrition from a heterospecific spermatophylax what should increase their fitness and fecundity, we suggest that their flexibility to mate with heterospecifics is beneficial and drives reproductive interference. This may substantially limit the reproductive success of the less frequent species (P. transsylvanica), coupled with eventual detrimental effects from hybridization, and result in the competitive exclusion of that species from their areas of coexistence. |
Uhrin, Marcel; Sabolíková, Mária; Naďo, Ladislav; Maxinová, Edita Environmental variables do not explain the high size fluctuations in Rhinolophus euryale pre-hibernating aggregation Journal Article Biologia, 75 , pp. 1657–1665, 2020, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Uhrin2020, title = {Environmental variables do not explain the high size fluctuations in \textit{Rhinolophus euryale} pre-hibernating aggregation}, author = {Marcel Uhrin and Mária Sabolíková and Ladislav Naďo and Edita Maxinová }, doi = {10.2478/s11756-020-00428-8}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-02-03}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {75}, pages = {1657–1665}, abstract = {The Mediterranean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus euryale, creates in the pre-hibernation period an aggregation in the Domica cave (Slovakia) and despite the harsh winter conditions displays a certain amount of flying activity. The goal of the study was to find out whether some environmental factors influence these conspicuous aggregation dynamics. We used image and statistical analysis of pictures of the aggregation taken automatically in the cave along with atmospheric pressure, humidity, outside and inside cave temperature and oxygen and carbon dioxide contents in the cave. These environmental variables were assumed to explain the observed activity. We hypothesised that the number of bats in particular time periods would correlate with some of these variables, but this was not confirmed. The only significant relations confirmed were those between bat numbers and humidity and carbon dioxide values in the cave. No trend in the spatial positioning of the bats was observed, and no environmental factors influenced the numbers, movements or groupings of bats. On the contrary, bats by their presence (breathing), activity and production of excrements may significantly influence the microclimate of the cave environment.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Mediterranean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus euryale, creates in the pre-hibernation period an aggregation in the Domica cave (Slovakia) and despite the harsh winter conditions displays a certain amount of flying activity. The goal of the study was to find out whether some environmental factors influence these conspicuous aggregation dynamics. We used image and statistical analysis of pictures of the aggregation taken automatically in the cave along with atmospheric pressure, humidity, outside and inside cave temperature and oxygen and carbon dioxide contents in the cave. These environmental variables were assumed to explain the observed activity. We hypothesised that the number of bats in particular time periods would correlate with some of these variables, but this was not confirmed. The only significant relations confirmed were those between bat numbers and humidity and carbon dioxide values in the cave. No trend in the spatial positioning of the bats was observed, and no environmental factors influenced the numbers, movements or groupings of bats. On the contrary, bats by their presence (breathing), activity and production of excrements may significantly influence the microclimate of the cave environment. |
Buyck, B; Wang, X H; Adamčíková, K; Caboň, M; Jančovičová, S; Hofstetter, V; Adamčík, S One step closer to unravelling the origin of Russula: subgenus Glutinosae subg. nov. Journal Article Mycosphere, 11 (1), pp. 285–304, 2020, ISSN: 2077 7019. @article{Buyck2020, title = {One step closer to unravelling the origin of Russula: subgenus Glutinosae subg. nov.}, author = {B. Buyck and X. H. Wang and K. Adamčíková and M. Caboň and S Jančovičová and V. Hofstetter and S. Adamčík }, doi = {Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/6}, issn = {2077 7019}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-31}, journal = {Mycosphere}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {285–304}, abstract = {This study reports on the discovery of a new subgenus, Russula subg. Glutinosae, having an Eastern North American – East Asian distribution. A multigene phylogeny places this new subgenus sister with strong support to a well-supported clade composed of subgenera Compactae and Archaeae. It holds only two very rare, northern hemisphere species, the North American R. glutinosa and the Asian R. glutinosoides sp. nov., thereby adding support to a northern hemisphere origin of the genus. Russula fattoensis is here shown to be a synonym of R. glutinosa. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of holotype collections are provided and potential affinities and similarities with other subgenera are discussed. The new subgenus is a perfect illustration of the fact that nBLAST of nrITS does not always provide the appropriate sampling for phylogenetic analyses.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study reports on the discovery of a new subgenus, Russula subg. Glutinosae, having an Eastern North American – East Asian distribution. A multigene phylogeny places this new subgenus sister with strong support to a well-supported clade composed of subgenera Compactae and Archaeae. It holds only two very rare, northern hemisphere species, the North American R. glutinosa and the Asian R. glutinosoides sp. nov., thereby adding support to a northern hemisphere origin of the genus. Russula fattoensis is here shown to be a synonym of R. glutinosa. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of holotype collections are provided and potential affinities and similarities with other subgenera are discussed. The new subgenus is a perfect illustration of the fact that nBLAST of nrITS does not always provide the appropriate sampling for phylogenetic analyses. |
Adamčík, S; Dima, B; Adamčíková, K; Corriol, G; Læssøe, T; Moreau, P -A; Caboň, M; Jančovičová, S Hodophilus phaeophyllus complex (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) is defined as new phylogenetic lineage in Europe Journal Article Mycological Progress, 19 (2), pp. 111-125, 2020, ISSN: 1617-416X. @article{Adamčík2020, title = {Hodophilus phaeophyllus complex (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) is defined as new phylogenetic lineage in Europe}, author = {S. Adamčík and B. Dima and K. Adamčíková and G. Corriol and T. Læssøe and P.-A. Moreau and M. Caboň and S. Jančovičová }, doi = {DOI 10.1007/s11557-019-01544-9}, issn = {1617-416X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-30}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {19}, number = {2}, pages = {111-125}, abstract = {The study deals with the last unexplored morphological group of the genus Hodophilus defined by absence of distinct odours, absence of yellow colours and absence of darker dots on the stipe. The phylogenetic reconstruction of the whole genus based on nrITS, nrLSU and RPB2 sequences placed all European members having these morphological characters in a monophyletic group defined here as a new section H. sect. Phaeophylli. The remaining European members of the genus are placed in two additional groups classified as section H. sect. Hodophilus and the new section H. sect. Micacei. Five species are recognised within section Phaeophylli which is typified by H. phaeophyllus that is lecto- and epitypified. Three new species belonging to this section are described: H. carpathicus, H. decurrentior and H. stramineus. Hodophilus decurrentior is the only species showing distinct morphological differences under the microscope. The identification of other species of the section depends mainly on the colour of basidiomata. An updated key to all European members of the genus is provided.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The study deals with the last unexplored morphological group of the genus Hodophilus defined by absence of distinct odours, absence of yellow colours and absence of darker dots on the stipe. The phylogenetic reconstruction of the whole genus based on nrITS, nrLSU and RPB2 sequences placed all European members having these morphological characters in a monophyletic group defined here as a new section H. sect. Phaeophylli. The remaining European members of the genus are placed in two additional groups classified as section H. sect. Hodophilus and the new section H. sect. Micacei. Five species are recognised within section Phaeophylli which is typified by H. phaeophyllus that is lecto- and epitypified. Three new species belonging to this section are described: H. carpathicus, H. decurrentior and H. stramineus. Hodophilus decurrentior is the only species showing distinct morphological differences under the microscope. The identification of other species of the section depends mainly on the colour of basidiomata. An updated key to all European members of the genus is provided. |
Klinga, Peter; Mikoláš, Martin; Delegan, Ivan V; Dănilă, Gabriel; Urban, Peter; Paule, Ladislav; Kaňuch, Peter Temporal landscape genetic data indicate an ongoing disruption of gene flow in a relict bird species Journal Article Conservation Genetics, 21 (2), pp. 329-340, 2020, ISBN: 1566-0621. @article{Klinga2020, title = {Temporal landscape genetic data indicate an ongoing disruption of gene flow in a relict bird species}, author = {Peter Klinga and Martin Mikoláš and Ivan V. Delegan and Gabriel Dănilă and Peter Urban and Ladislav Paule and Peter Kaňuch }, doi = {10.1007/s10592-020-01253-x}, isbn = {1566-0621}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-30}, journal = {Conservation Genetics}, volume = {21}, number = {2}, pages = {329-340}, abstract = {A major concern in conservation biology today is the loss of genetic diversity in structured populations, which is often a consequence of habitat contraction and restricted gene flow over time. These dynamic biological processes require monitoring with temporal environmental and landscape genetic data. We compared the spatial genetic variation of a relict, umbrella species, the capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), in two different demographic periods, as represented by older museum specimens (1960–1990) and recent non-invasive samples (2011–2015) collected from the Carpathian Mountains, where habitat connectivity has dramatically decreased in the past decade. Using a combination of species distribution modelling and spatial genetic inference, we analysed how climatic and environmental constraints shaped population structures of the species. Environmental and climate niche models confirmed that relict Carpathian capercaillie populations are temperature sensitive, and they occur in a narrow range of mountain forest habitats at the highest altitudes. We found that the environmental and climatic constraints led to genetically isolated populations, but we also detected clusters that did not match relatively interrupted areas of niche habitats. We observed a similar disruption of gene flow in both periods; however, a stronger signal of genetic structuring in recent samples indicated that the processes negatively affecting connectivity are ongoing. The effective population size of the Carpathian population has declined in recent years, but it has been low for at least the last five decades in the Western Carpathians. This study demonstrates the importance of temporal ecological and genetic data as an effective warning tool for the conservation and management of wildlife species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } A major concern in conservation biology today is the loss of genetic diversity in structured populations, which is often a consequence of habitat contraction and restricted gene flow over time. These dynamic biological processes require monitoring with temporal environmental and landscape genetic data. We compared the spatial genetic variation of a relict, umbrella species, the capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), in two different demographic periods, as represented by older museum specimens (1960–1990) and recent non-invasive samples (2011–2015) collected from the Carpathian Mountains, where habitat connectivity has dramatically decreased in the past decade. Using a combination of species distribution modelling and spatial genetic inference, we analysed how climatic and environmental constraints shaped population structures of the species. Environmental and climate niche models confirmed that relict Carpathian capercaillie populations are temperature sensitive, and they occur in a narrow range of mountain forest habitats at the highest altitudes. We found that the environmental and climatic constraints led to genetically isolated populations, but we also detected clusters that did not match relatively interrupted areas of niche habitats. We observed a similar disruption of gene flow in both periods; however, a stronger signal of genetic structuring in recent samples indicated that the processes negatively affecting connectivity are ongoing. The effective population size of the Carpathian population has declined in recent years, but it has been low for at least the last five decades in the Western Carpathians. This study demonstrates the importance of temporal ecological and genetic data as an effective warning tool for the conservation and management of wildlife species. |
Elvira-Recuenco, M; Cacciola, S O; Sanz-Ros, A V; Garbelotto, M; Aguayo, J; Solla, A; Mullett, M; Drenkhan, T; Oskay, F; Kaya, A G A; Iturritxa, E; Cleary, M; Witzell, J; Georgieva, M; Papazova-Anakieva, I; Chira, D; Paraschiv, M; Musolin, D L; Selikhovkin, A V; Varentsova, Yu. E; Adamčíková, K; Markovskaja, S; Mesanza, N; Davydenko, K; Capretti, P; Scanu, B; Gonthier, P; Tsopelas, P; Martín-García, J; Morales-Rodríguez, C; Lehtijärvi, A; Lehtijärvi, Doğmuş H T; Oszako, T; Nowakowska, J A; Bragança, H; Fernández-Fernández, M; Hantula, J; Díez, J J Potential Interactions Between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe Journal Article Forests, 11 (1), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Elvira-Recuenco2019, title = {Potential Interactions Between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe}, author = {M. Elvira-Recuenco and S. O. Cacciola and A. V. Sanz-Ros and M. Garbelotto and J. Aguayo and A. Solla and M. Mullett and T. Drenkhan and F. Oskay and A. G. A. Kaya and E. Iturritxa and M. Cleary and J. Witzell and M. Georgieva and I. Papazova-Anakieva and D. Chira and M. Paraschiv and D.L. Musolin and A.V. Selikhovkin and E. Yu. Varentsova and K. Adamčíková and S. Markovskaja and N. Mesanza and K. Davydenko and P. Capretti and B. Scanu and P. Gonthier and P. Tsopelas and J. Martín-García and C. Morales-Rodríguez and A. Lehtijärvi and H. T. Doğmuş Lehtijärvi and T. Oszako and J.A. Nowakowska and H. Bragança and M. Fernández-Fernández and J. Hantula and J.J. Díez }, doi = {doi:10.3390/f11010007}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-18}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, abstract = {Pines are major components of native forests and plantations in Europe, where they have both economic significance and an important ecological role. Diseases of pines are mainly caused by fungal and oomycete pathogens, and can significantly reduce the survival, vigor, and yield of both individual trees and entire stands or plantations. Pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’Donnell), is among the most devastating pine diseases in the world, and is an example of an emergent invasive disease in Europe. The effects of microbial interactions on plant health, as well as the possible roles plant microbiomes may have in disease expression, have been the focus of several recent studies. Here, we describe the possible effects of co-infection with pathogenic fungi and oomycetes with F. circinatum on the health of pine seedlings and mature plants, in an attempt to expand our understanding of the role that biotic interactions may play in the future of PPC disease in European nurseries and forests. The available information on pine pathogens that are able to co-occur with F. circinatum in Europe is here reviewed and interpreted to theoretically predict the effects of such co-occurrences on pine survival, growth, and yield. Beside the awareness that F. circinatum may co-occurr on pines with other pathogens, an additional outcome from this review is an updating of the literature, including the so-called grey literature, to document the geographical distribution of the relevant pathogens and to facilitate differential diagnoses, particularly in nurseries, where some of them may cause symptoms similar to those induced by F. circinatum. An early and accurate diagnosis of F. circinatum, a pathogen that has been recently introduced and that is currently regulated in Europe, is essential to prevent its introduction and spread in plantings and forests.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Pines are major components of native forests and plantations in Europe, where they have both economic significance and an important ecological role. Diseases of pines are mainly caused by fungal and oomycete pathogens, and can significantly reduce the survival, vigor, and yield of both individual trees and entire stands or plantations. Pine pitch canker (PPC), caused by Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’Donnell), is among the most devastating pine diseases in the world, and is an example of an emergent invasive disease in Europe. The effects of microbial interactions on plant health, as well as the possible roles plant microbiomes may have in disease expression, have been the focus of several recent studies. Here, we describe the possible effects of co-infection with pathogenic fungi and oomycetes with F. circinatum on the health of pine seedlings and mature plants, in an attempt to expand our understanding of the role that biotic interactions may play in the future of PPC disease in European nurseries and forests. The available information on pine pathogens that are able to co-occur with F. circinatum in Europe is here reviewed and interpreted to theoretically predict the effects of such co-occurrences on pine survival, growth, and yield. Beside the awareness that F. circinatum may co-occurr on pines with other pathogens, an additional outcome from this review is an updating of the literature, including the so-called grey literature, to document the geographical distribution of the relevant pathogens and to facilitate differential diagnoses, particularly in nurseries, where some of them may cause symptoms similar to those induced by F. circinatum. An early and accurate diagnosis of F. circinatum, a pathogen that has been recently introduced and that is currently regulated in Europe, is essential to prevent its introduction and spread in plantings and forests. |
Cassel‐Lundhagen, Anna; Schmitt, Thomas; Wahlberg, Niklas; Sarvašová, Lenka; Konvička, Martin; Ryrholm, Nils; Kaňuch, Peter Wing morphology of the butterfly Coenonympha arcania in Europe: Traces of both historical isolation in glacial refugia and current adaptation Journal Article Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research, 58 (4), pp. 929-943, 2020, ISSN: 0947-5745. @article{Cassel‐Lundhagen2020, title = {Wing morphology of the butterfly \textit{Coenonympha arcania} in Europe: Traces of both historical isolation in glacial refugia and current adaptation}, author = {Anna Cassel‐Lundhagen and Thomas Schmitt and Niklas Wahlberg and Lenka Sarvašová and Martin Konvička and Nils Ryrholm and Peter Kaňuch}, doi = {10.1111/jzs.12360}, issn = {0947-5745}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-08}, journal = {Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research}, volume = {58}, number = {4}, pages = {929-943}, abstract = {In this study, we examined the evolutionary outcome of and interplay between historic isolation and current selection pressures on traits more or less closely connected to fitness in the Pearly Heath butterfly (Coenonympha arcania) across its range in Europe. We hypothesized that a trait mean is more related to historic events if it has low connection to fitness, while a trait more closely connected with fitness is expected to have a mean that relates more to current selection pressures. In order to test this, we collected 322 butterflies from across the species range in Europe and measured five wing traits relating to size and color patterns. To infer a phylogeographic history for each individual, we sequenced a 594 bp fragment of the COI gene. The morphological data were then analyzed in relation to selected climatic variables and the history of individuals to disentangle which factors best correlated with morphological variation. The results supported our hypothesis in that wing sizes correlated with summer precipitation but not with its inferred location during the last glaciation. Eyespot position, on the other hand, correlated with the history of individuals but not with the analyzed climatic indicators. The sizes of the black spot and the white band, two traits that were expected to have intermediate selection pressure, were associated with both history and current conditions. Thus, this study illustrates the fascinating interplay between events and processes that lead to a specific evolutionary outcome.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In this study, we examined the evolutionary outcome of and interplay between historic isolation and current selection pressures on traits more or less closely connected to fitness in the Pearly Heath butterfly (Coenonympha arcania) across its range in Europe. We hypothesized that a trait mean is more related to historic events if it has low connection to fitness, while a trait more closely connected with fitness is expected to have a mean that relates more to current selection pressures. In order to test this, we collected 322 butterflies from across the species range in Europe and measured five wing traits relating to size and color patterns. To infer a phylogeographic history for each individual, we sequenced a 594 bp fragment of the COI gene. The morphological data were then analyzed in relation to selected climatic variables and the history of individuals to disentangle which factors best correlated with morphological variation. The results supported our hypothesis in that wing sizes correlated with summer precipitation but not with its inferred location during the last glaciation. Eyespot position, on the other hand, correlated with the history of individuals but not with the analyzed climatic indicators. The sizes of the black spot and the white band, two traits that were expected to have intermediate selection pressure, were associated with both history and current conditions. Thus, this study illustrates the fascinating interplay between events and processes that lead to a specific evolutionary outcome. |
Maruščáková, Ivana Cingeľová; Schusterová, Petra; Bielik, Bohumil; Toporčák, Juraj; Bíliková, Katarína; Mudroňová, Dagmar Effect of Application of Probiotic Pollen Suspension on Immune Response and Gut Microbiota of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Journal Article Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 12 , pp. 929–936, 2020, ISSN: 1867-1306. @article{Maruščáková2020, title = {Effect of Application of Probiotic Pollen Suspension on Immune Response and Gut Microbiota of Honey Bees (\textit{Apis mellifera})}, author = {Ivana Cingeľová Maruščáková and Petra Schusterová and Bohumil Bielik and Juraj Toporčák and Katarína Bíliková and Dagmar Mudroňová }, doi = {10.1007/s12602-019-09626-6}, issn = {1867-1306}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-07}, journal = {Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins}, volume = {12}, pages = {929–936}, abstract = {Although the use of probiotic bacteria in invertebrates is still rare, scientists have begun to look into their usage in honey bees. The probiotic preparation, based on the autochthonous strain Lactobacillus brevis B50 Biocenol™ (CCM 8618), which was isolated from the digestive tracts of healthy bees, was applied to the bee colonies in the form of a pollen suspension. Its influence on the immune response was determined by monitoring the expression of genes encoding immunologically important molecules in the honey bee intestines. Changes in the intestinal microbiota composition were also studied. The results showed that the probiotic Lact. brevis B50, on a pollen carrier, significantly increased the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (abaecin, defensin-1) as well as pattern recognition receptors (toll-like receptor, peptidoglycan recognition proteins). Gene expression for the other tested molecules included in Toll and Imd signaling pathways (dorsal, cactus, kenny, relish) significantly changed during the experiment. The positive effect on intestinal microbiota was manifested mainly by a significant increase in the ratio of lactic acid bacteria to enterobacteria. These findings confirm the potential of the tested probiotic preparation to enhance immunity in bee colonies and thus increase their resistance to infectious diseases and stress conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Although the use of probiotic bacteria in invertebrates is still rare, scientists have begun to look into their usage in honey bees. The probiotic preparation, based on the autochthonous strain Lactobacillus brevis B50 Biocenol™ (CCM 8618), which was isolated from the digestive tracts of healthy bees, was applied to the bee colonies in the form of a pollen suspension. Its influence on the immune response was determined by monitoring the expression of genes encoding immunologically important molecules in the honey bee intestines. Changes in the intestinal microbiota composition were also studied. The results showed that the probiotic Lact. brevis B50, on a pollen carrier, significantly increased the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (abaecin, defensin-1) as well as pattern recognition receptors (toll-like receptor, peptidoglycan recognition proteins). Gene expression for the other tested molecules included in Toll and Imd signaling pathways (dorsal, cactus, kenny, relish) significantly changed during the experiment. The positive effect on intestinal microbiota was manifested mainly by a significant increase in the ratio of lactic acid bacteria to enterobacteria. These findings confirm the potential of the tested probiotic preparation to enhance immunity in bee colonies and thus increase their resistance to infectious diseases and stress conditions. |
Kulfan, Ján; Dzurenko, Marek; Parák, Michal; Sarvašová, Lenka; Saniga, Miroslav; Brown, Peter; Zach, Peter Larval feeding of Cydalima perspectalis on box trees with a focus on the spatial and temporal distribution Journal Article Plant Protection Science, 11 , 2020, ISSN: 1212-2580. @article{Kulfan2020, title = {Larval feeding of \textit{Cydalima perspectalis} on box trees with a focus on the spatial and temporal distribution}, author = {Ján Kulfan and Marek Dzurenko and Michal Parák and Lenka Sarvašová and Miroslav Saniga and Peter Brown and Peter Zach}, doi = {10.17221/126/2019-PPS}, issn = {1212-2580}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Plant Protection Science}, volume = {11}, abstract = {The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis is an invasive pest on box trees originating from Eastern Asia which spread throughout Europe. We assessed the efficacy of photo-eclectors (emergence boxes) for the detection of its larvae. We also investigated their spatial distribution on the hosts and the spatial and temporal distribution of the leaf damage caused by this pest in Slovakia. Our results showed non-uniform vertical distribution of the overwintering larvae and leaf damage on the trees. The larval abundance in the spring was significantly affected by the height of the branches above the ground. During spring, the larvae occurred most abundantly in the upper parts of the trees. The leaf damage was greatest in the lower parts throughout the growing season. During the progress of the infestation, the development of the damage in the lower and middle parts was similar. In the upper part, the initial increase in the damage was slow, but accelerated four months before the complete defoliation. The field estimation of the proportion of damaged leaves and the accurate assessment based on counting the damaged leaves suggest a consistency between these estimates. Hence, a quick field estimation of the leaf damage may be utilised by horticultural practices.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis is an invasive pest on box trees originating from Eastern Asia which spread throughout Europe. We assessed the efficacy of photo-eclectors (emergence boxes) for the detection of its larvae. We also investigated their spatial distribution on the hosts and the spatial and temporal distribution of the leaf damage caused by this pest in Slovakia. Our results showed non-uniform vertical distribution of the overwintering larvae and leaf damage on the trees. The larval abundance in the spring was significantly affected by the height of the branches above the ground. During spring, the larvae occurred most abundantly in the upper parts of the trees. The leaf damage was greatest in the lower parts throughout the growing season. During the progress of the infestation, the development of the damage in the lower and middle parts was similar. In the upper part, the initial increase in the damage was slow, but accelerated four months before the complete defoliation. The field estimation of the proportion of damaged leaves and the accurate assessment based on counting the damaged leaves suggest a consistency between these estimates. Hence, a quick field estimation of the leaf damage may be utilised by horticultural practices. |
Konôpková, Alena; Húdoková, Hana; Ježík, Marek; Kurjak, Daniel; Jamnická, Gabriela; Ditmarová, Ľubica; Gömöry, Dušan; Longauer, R; Tognetti, Roberto; Pšidová, Eva Origin rather than mild drought stress influenced chlorophyll a fluorescence in contrasting silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances Journal Article Photosynthetica : international journal for photosynthesis research, 58 , pp. 549-559, 2020, ISSN: 0300-3604. @article{Konôpková2020b, title = {Origin rather than mild drought stress influenced chlorophyll a fluorescence in contrasting silver fir (\textit{Abies alba Mill.}) provenances}, author = {Alena Konôpková and Hana Húdoková and Marek Ježík and Daniel Kurjak and Gabriela Jamnická and Ľubica Ditmarová and Dušan Gömöry and R. Longauer and Roberto Tognetti and Eva Pšidová}, doi = {10.32615/ps.2020.011}, issn = {0300-3604}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Photosynthetica : international journal for photosynthesis research}, volume = {58}, pages = {549-559}, abstract = {The performance of PSII photochemistry in five Central European provenances of silver fir differing in the altitude of origin (250-1,300 m a.s.l.) were studied using the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters derived from the JIP-test. Measurements were performed on two dates in 2016: at the start and at the peak of growing season. Within this period, mild water stress was recorded, allowing us to monitor changes in photochemistry under drought conditions. Our results confirmed that silver fir is generally resistant to water deficit at the PSII level. However, the differences in photochemistry between provenances originating from different climatic conditions were observed. The high-altitude provenances (from wetter and colder localities) achieved higher PSII efficiency, which was also supported by clear trends along the climatic and geographic gradients of the provenance origins. After the drought, comparable PSII efficiency for low-altitude provenances and even higher for these originating in higher altitudes was observed.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The performance of PSII photochemistry in five Central European provenances of silver fir differing in the altitude of origin (250-1,300 m a.s.l.) were studied using the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters derived from the JIP-test. Measurements were performed on two dates in 2016: at the start and at the peak of growing season. Within this period, mild water stress was recorded, allowing us to monitor changes in photochemistry under drought conditions. Our results confirmed that silver fir is generally resistant to water deficit at the PSII level. However, the differences in photochemistry between provenances originating from different climatic conditions were observed. The high-altitude provenances (from wetter and colder localities) achieved higher PSII efficiency, which was also supported by clear trends along the climatic and geographic gradients of the provenance origins. After the drought, comparable PSII efficiency for low-altitude provenances and even higher for these originating in higher altitudes was observed. |
Černecký, Ján; Gajdoš, Peter; Ďuricová, Viktória; Špulerová, Jana; Černecká, Ľudmila; Švajda, Juraj; Andráš, Peter; Ulrych, Libor; Rybanič, Rastislav; Považan, Radoslav Hodnota ekosystémov a ich služieb na Slovensku Book Štátna ochrana prírody SR, 2020, ISBN: 978-80-8184-078-4. @book{Černecký2020, title = {Hodnota ekosystémov a ich služieb na Slovensku}, author = {Ján Černecký and Peter Gajdoš and Viktória Ďuricová and Jana Špulerová and Ľudmila Černecká and Juraj Švajda and Peter Andráš and Libor Ulrych and Rastislav Rybanič and Radoslav Považan}, isbn = {978-80-8184-078-4}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, publisher = {Štátna ochrana prírody SR}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
Černecký, Ján; Lešo, Peter; Ridzoň, Jozef; Krištín, Anton; Karaska, Dušan; Darolová, Alžbeta; Fulín, Miroslav; Chavko, Jozef; Bohuš, Mirko; Krajniak, Dušan; Ďuricová, Viktória; Lešová, Andrea; Čuláková, Jana; Saxa, Andrej; Durkošová, Jana; Andráš, Peter Stav ochrany vtáctva na Slovensku v rokoch 2013 –2018 Book Štátna ochrana prírody SR, 2020, ISBN: 978–80–8184–084–5. @book{Černecký2020b, title = {Stav ochrany vtáctva na Slovensku v rokoch 2013 –2018}, author = {Ján Černecký and Peter Lešo and Jozef Ridzoň and Anton Krištín and Dušan Karaska and Alžbeta Darolová and Miroslav Fulín and Jozef Chavko and Mirko Bohuš and Dušan Krajniak and Viktória Ďuricová and Andrea Lešová and Jana Čuláková and Andrej Saxa and Jana Durkošová and Peter Andráš}, isbn = {978–80–8184–084–5}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, publisher = {Štátna ochrana prírody SR}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
Pažitný, Jozef; Pástor, Michal; Bolvanský, Milan; Benčať, Tibor Influence of site conditions on the incidence and spread of chestnut blight in Slovakia Book Technical University in Zvolen, 2020, ISBN: 978-80-228-3211-3. @book{Pažitný2020, title = {Influence of site conditions on the incidence and spread of chestnut blight in Slovakia}, author = {Jozef Pažitný and Michal Pástor and Milan Bolvanský and Tibor Benčať}, isbn = {978-80-228-3211-3}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, publisher = {Technical University in Zvolen}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
Ferus, Peter; Menčik, Karolina; Konôpková, Jana Allelopathic potential of Juglans nigra L. to control the invasive tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) Journal Article Allelopathy Journal, 49 (2), pp. 177-188, 2020, ISSN: 0971-4693. @article{Ferus2020c, title = {Allelopathic potential of \textit{Juglans nigra} L. to control the invasive tree-of-heaven (\textit{Ailanthus altissima} (Mill.) Swingle)}, author = {Peter Ferus and Karolina Menčik and Jana Konôpková }, doi = {10.26651/allelo.j/2020-49-2-1263}, issn = {0971-4693}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Allelopathy Journal}, volume = {49}, number = {2}, pages = {177-188}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Krištín, Anton; Jarčuška, Benjamín; Kaňuch, Peter An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia Journal Article Zootaxa, 4869 (2), pp. 207-241, 2020, ISSN: 1175-5334. @article{Krištín2020, title = {An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia}, author = {Anton Krištín and Benjamín Jarčuška and Peter Kaňuch}, doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.4869.2.3}, issn = {1175-5334}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4869}, number = {2}, pages = {207-241}, abstract = {The first annotated checklist of ensiferan and caeliferan Orthoptera of Slovakia is presented. Altogether, we found 129 species (59 Ensifera, 70 Caelifera) in the fauna of Slovakia, based on a critical revision of museum collections, all records published since 1826 and our own unpublished data from mapping in 1994–2019 (~2000 sites located in 97.5% of the mapping grid cells). Forty-four species reach the limit of their distributional range within the country, and 31 have their northern limit there. Four species are endemic to Slovakia. In total, 11 species were erroneously reported from the country and are not included in this checklist. The relatively rich species spectrum reflects the diversity of habitats in an area of about 50 thousand km2 and elevations from 94 to 2,655 masl. We found 30 species exclusive for the Pannonian and 18 for the Alpine biogeographical region in the study area. We emphasize changes compared to previous species lists published in 1977 and 1999, when nine species were first recorded after 1999, and eight other species have been missing for more than 50 years. Distributional patterns, accompanied by site maps, are commented for 42 species. Taxonomic, nomenclatural and zoogeographical problems are discussed for a further 23 species. Based on the actual IUCN Red List criteria, we assessed all 129 species. The species were red-listed as follows: regional extinct (Celes variabilis), critically endangered (Isophya beybienkoi, I. costata, Poecilimon fussii, Pachytrachis gracilis, Saga pedo, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Acrotylus insubricus, Stenobothrus fischeri), endangered (Poecilimon intermedius, Gampsocleis glabra, Pholidoptera frivaldszkyi, Myrmeleotettix antennatus), vulnerable (nine species), near threatened (18) and data deficient (12). A brief account of the Orthoptera research history in Slovakia is outlined.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The first annotated checklist of ensiferan and caeliferan Orthoptera of Slovakia is presented. Altogether, we found 129 species (59 Ensifera, 70 Caelifera) in the fauna of Slovakia, based on a critical revision of museum collections, all records published since 1826 and our own unpublished data from mapping in 1994–2019 (~2000 sites located in 97.5% of the mapping grid cells). Forty-four species reach the limit of their distributional range within the country, and 31 have their northern limit there. Four species are endemic to Slovakia. In total, 11 species were erroneously reported from the country and are not included in this checklist. The relatively rich species spectrum reflects the diversity of habitats in an area of about 50 thousand km2 and elevations from 94 to 2,655 masl. We found 30 species exclusive for the Pannonian and 18 for the Alpine biogeographical region in the study area. We emphasize changes compared to previous species lists published in 1977 and 1999, when nine species were first recorded after 1999, and eight other species have been missing for more than 50 years. Distributional patterns, accompanied by site maps, are commented for 42 species. Taxonomic, nomenclatural and zoogeographical problems are discussed for a further 23 species. Based on the actual IUCN Red List criteria, we assessed all 129 species. The species were red-listed as follows: regional extinct (Celes variabilis), critically endangered (Isophya beybienkoi, I. costata, Poecilimon fussii, Pachytrachis gracilis, Saga pedo, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Acrotylus insubricus, Stenobothrus fischeri), endangered (Poecilimon intermedius, Gampsocleis glabra, Pholidoptera frivaldszkyi, Myrmeleotettix antennatus), vulnerable (nine species), near threatened (18) and data deficient (12). A brief account of the Orthoptera research history in Slovakia is outlined. |
Slezák, Michal; Valachovič, Milan; Blanár, Drahoš; Máliš, František; Senko, Dušan; Žarnovičan, Hubert Vegetation classification of acidophilous oak forests in Slovakia Journal Article Tuexenia, 40 , pp. 33-52, 2020, ISSN: 0722-494X. @article{Slezák2020b, title = { Vegetation classification of acidophilous oak forests in Slovakia}, author = {Michal Slezák and Milan Valachovič and Drahoš Blanár and František Máliš and Dušan Senko and Hubert Žarnovičan}, doi = {10.14471/2020.40.010}, issn = {0722-494X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Tuexenia}, volume = {40}, pages = {33-52}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Mihál, Ivan; Luptáková, Eva Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 65 (3), pp. 197-207, 2020, ISSN: 0322-9688. @article{Mihál2020, title = {Dynamika produkcie biomasy epigeických sporokarpov v smrekových monokultúrach (Západné Karpaty) [Dynamics of biomass production of epigeic sporocarps in spruce monoculture stands (Western Carpathians)]}, author = {Ivan Mihál and Eva Luptáková}, doi = {10.5604/01.3001.0014.4974}, issn = {0322-9688}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Zprávy lesnického výzkumu}, volume = {65}, number = {3}, pages = {197-207}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Semelbauer, Marek; Oboňa, Jozef; Barta, Marek; Mangová, Barbara; Kozánek, Milan Spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of non-biting moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in confound conditions of a stable Journal Article Polish Journal of Entomology, 89 (4), pp. 190-199, 2020, ISSN: 0032-3780. @article{Semelbauer2020, title = {Spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of non-biting moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in confound conditions of a stable}, author = {Marek Semelbauer and Jozef Oboňa and Marek Barta and Barbara Mangová and Milan Kozánek}, issn = {0032-3780}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Polish Journal of Entomology}, volume = {89}, number = {4}, pages = {190-199}, abstract = {Many small Diptera adopted at some level endophilic life style, including man-made buildings. Stables create a specific type of microhabitat, which provides shady and relatively humid conditions in combination with excess of organic matter. Unlike the parasites (mosquitos, biting midges, etc.), the commensal fauna of stables is poorly studied. Moth flies (Psychodidae) were collected in cow stable located in Šenkvice, SW Slovakia. Special traps (derived from Malaise traps) were installed along the stable internal wall and in three different heights. In total, we recorded 6325 moth flies belonging to 8 species. The flight period lasted from spring to autumn. Seasonal dynamics was strongly influenced by rainfall and mean week temperature, e.g. high temperature in midsummer caused drop in moth flies captures. The moth flies clearly preferred the ground and moderately preferred the interior of stable.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Many small Diptera adopted at some level endophilic life style, including man-made buildings. Stables create a specific type of microhabitat, which provides shady and relatively humid conditions in combination with excess of organic matter. Unlike the parasites (mosquitos, biting midges, etc.), the commensal fauna of stables is poorly studied. Moth flies (Psychodidae) were collected in cow stable located in Šenkvice, SW Slovakia. Special traps (derived from Malaise traps) were installed along the stable internal wall and in three different heights. In total, we recorded 6325 moth flies belonging to 8 species. The flight period lasted from spring to autumn. Seasonal dynamics was strongly influenced by rainfall and mean week temperature, e.g. high temperature in midsummer caused drop in moth flies captures. The moth flies clearly preferred the ground and moderately preferred the interior of stable. |
Konôpková, Alena; Vedernikov, Konstantin E; Zagrebin, Egor A; Islamova, Nadezhda A; Grigoriev, Roman A; Húdoková, Hana; Petek, Anja; Kmeť, Jaroslav; Petrík, Peter; Pashkova, Anna S; Zhuravleva, Anastasia N; Bukharina, Irina L Impact of the European bark beetle Ips typographus on biochemical and growth properties of wood and needles in Siberian spruce Picea obovata Journal Article Central European Forestry Journal, 66 (4), pp. 243-254, 2020, ISSN: 2454-034X. @article{Konôpková2020d, title = {Impact of the European bark beetle \textit{Ips typographus} on biochemical and growth properties of wood and needles in Siberian spruce \textit{Picea obovata}}, author = {Alena Konôpková and Konstantin E Vedernikov and Egor A Zagrebin and Nadezhda A Islamova and Roman A Grigoriev and Hana Húdoková and Anja Petek and Jaroslav Kmeť and Peter Petrík and Anna S Pashkova and Anastasia N Zhuravleva and Irina L Bukharina}, doi = {10.2478/forj-2020-0025}, issn = {2454-034X}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Central European Forestry Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {4}, pages = {243-254}, abstract = {European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is an important driver of ecological processes in spruce stands, with severe effects on forestry economies. To prevent bark beetle outbreaks, early detection of infestations is a crucial step in forest management. It is expected that bark beetle infestation modifies biochemical composition of wood and needles, alters physiological responses in the early stage of infestation, which results in the reduction of tree growth and ultimately a tree death. Therefore, we studied the differences in biochemical composition of wood, content of photosynthesis-related pigments, shoot morphology, and growth between the healthy Siberian spruce trees (Picea obovata) and trees which were infested by I. typographus. The study was performed in five experimental plots established in the south of the Udmurt Republic in the European part of the Russian Federation. Three infested and three non-infested trees were chosen on each plot. Our results showed no significant effect of bark beetle infestation on the content of main structural components of wood-holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin. On the other hand, we found differences in the content of extractive substances in the wood. Specifically, we found a higher tannin content in the non-infested trees. The content of photosynthesis-related pigments differed between the non-infested and infested trees as well. Unexpectedly, bark beetle infestation caused the overproduction of both pigment types rather than their degradation. Moreover, we observed that a higher amount of total extractive substances positively affected the incremental growth, whereas tannins supported the growth of shoots and needles.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is an important driver of ecological processes in spruce stands, with severe effects on forestry economies. To prevent bark beetle outbreaks, early detection of infestations is a crucial step in forest management. It is expected that bark beetle infestation modifies biochemical composition of wood and needles, alters physiological responses in the early stage of infestation, which results in the reduction of tree growth and ultimately a tree death. Therefore, we studied the differences in biochemical composition of wood, content of photosynthesis-related pigments, shoot morphology, and growth between the healthy Siberian spruce trees (Picea obovata) and trees which were infested by I. typographus. The study was performed in five experimental plots established in the south of the Udmurt Republic in the European part of the Russian Federation. Three infested and three non-infested trees were chosen on each plot. Our results showed no significant effect of bark beetle infestation on the content of main structural components of wood-holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin. On the other hand, we found differences in the content of extractive substances in the wood. Specifically, we found a higher tannin content in the non-infested trees. The content of photosynthesis-related pigments differed between the non-infested and infested trees as well. Unexpectedly, bark beetle infestation caused the overproduction of both pigment types rather than their degradation. Moreover, we observed that a higher amount of total extractive substances positively affected the incremental growth, whereas tannins supported the growth of shoots and needles. |
2019 |
Hrivnák, Richard; Svitok, Marek; Kochjarová, Judita; Jarolímek, Ivan; Machava, Ján; Senko, Dušan; Slezák, Michal Drivers of plant species composition in alder-dominated forests with contrasting connectivity Journal Article Wetlands Ecology and Management, 28 (1), pp. 137-150, 2019, ISSN: 0923-4861. @article{Hrivnák2019, title = {Drivers of plant species composition in alder-dominated forests with contrasting connectivity}, author = {Richard Hrivnák and Marek Svitok and Judita Kochjarová and Ivan Jarolímek and Ján Machava and Dušan Senko and Michal Slezák }, doi = {10.1007/s11273-019-09700-4}, issn = {0923-4861}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-12-07}, journal = {Wetlands Ecology and Management}, volume = {28}, number = {1}, pages = {137-150}, abstract = {The effects of local and regional environmental variables as well as spatial gradients on the plant species composition of two types of alder-dominated forests (riparian forests and alder carrs) with contrasting connectivity were studied across the Western Carpathians from Hungary through Slovakia to Poland. We used large vegetation (240 sampling plots) and environmental (24 variables) datasets, which were accompanied by spatial variables represented by principal coordinates of neighbour matrices. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of the two datasets revealed 13 and 29 variables with significant effects on variation in species composition of alder carrs and riparian alder forests, which jointly explained 41.2% and 36.4% of the variability, respectively. Altitude was the most important factor explaining 7.7% of the variability in the species composition of alder carrs and 8.2% in riparian alder forests. Variation partitioning in CCA revealed that local variables were crucial drivers for species composition patterns in alder carrs, while spatial processes unrelated to the measured environmental variables shaped the vegetation structure of riparian forests.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The effects of local and regional environmental variables as well as spatial gradients on the plant species composition of two types of alder-dominated forests (riparian forests and alder carrs) with contrasting connectivity were studied across the Western Carpathians from Hungary through Slovakia to Poland. We used large vegetation (240 sampling plots) and environmental (24 variables) datasets, which were accompanied by spatial variables represented by principal coordinates of neighbour matrices. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of the two datasets revealed 13 and 29 variables with significant effects on variation in species composition of alder carrs and riparian alder forests, which jointly explained 41.2% and 36.4% of the variability, respectively. Altitude was the most important factor explaining 7.7% of the variability in the species composition of alder carrs and 8.2% in riparian alder forests. Variation partitioning in CCA revealed that local variables were crucial drivers for species composition patterns in alder carrs, while spatial processes unrelated to the measured environmental variables shaped the vegetation structure of riparian forests. |
Kubala, Jakub; Gregorová, Eva; Smolko, Peter; Klinga, Peter; Iľko, Tomáš; Kaňuch, Peter The coat pattern in the Carpathian population of Eurasian lynx has changed: a sign of demographic bottleneck and limited connectivity Journal Article European Journal of Wildlife Research, 66 (1), 2019, ISSN: 1612-4642. @article{Kubala2019, title = { The coat pattern in the Carpathian population of Eurasian lynx has changed: a sign of demographic bottleneck and limited connectivity}, author = {Jakub Kubala and Eva Gregorová and Peter Smolko and Peter Klinga and Tomáš Iľko and Peter Kaňuch }, doi = {10.1007/s10344-019-1338-7}, issn = {1612-4642}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-12-05}, journal = { European Journal of Wildlife Research}, volume = {66}, number = {1}, abstract = {Highly heritable phenotypic traits become prevalent in small populations. We estimated the heritability of the coat pattern of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in captive individuals, and we explored changes in the proportions of three phenotypes (spotted, rosetted and uniform) in the wild-ranging native population in the Slovak Carpathians over the last six decades. Coat pattern was highly heritable in each geographically defined subspecies, as offspring greatly resembled their parents. In the last decades, we have recorded a significantly lowered proportion of spotted individuals in the native Carpathian population, which have represented a phenotype characteristic for this lineage (subspecies) and were predominant in the past. The proportion of spots and rosettes was equalised in the population during the most recent period, while the smallest, most depleted population sub-range was even dominated by the rosetted phenotype. The rapid change in the frequency of dominant phenotype may be attributed to the small population size with limited gene flow to marginal sub-ranges. High intensity traffic development and anthropogenic-induced mortality are suggested to be the primary factors that fragment the local population and reduce the number of reproducing lynx in the region. The Slovak lynx population is the main source for lynx reintroduction projects in Central Europe, and so the phenotype profile may be used as an effective indicator of potential genetic-based conservation problems in this autochthonous population.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Highly heritable phenotypic traits become prevalent in small populations. We estimated the heritability of the coat pattern of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in captive individuals, and we explored changes in the proportions of three phenotypes (spotted, rosetted and uniform) in the wild-ranging native population in the Slovak Carpathians over the last six decades. Coat pattern was highly heritable in each geographically defined subspecies, as offspring greatly resembled their parents. In the last decades, we have recorded a significantly lowered proportion of spotted individuals in the native Carpathian population, which have represented a phenotype characteristic for this lineage (subspecies) and were predominant in the past. The proportion of spots and rosettes was equalised in the population during the most recent period, while the smallest, most depleted population sub-range was even dominated by the rosetted phenotype. The rapid change in the frequency of dominant phenotype may be attributed to the small population size with limited gene flow to marginal sub-ranges. High intensity traffic development and anthropogenic-induced mortality are suggested to be the primary factors that fragment the local population and reduce the number of reproducing lynx in the region. The Slovak lynx population is the main source for lynx reintroduction projects in Central Europe, and so the phenotype profile may be used as an effective indicator of potential genetic-based conservation problems in this autochthonous population. |
Dudáš, Matej; Malovcová-Staníková, Miroslava; Pliszko, Artur; Schieber, Branislav; Zieliński, Jerzy New floristic records from Central Europe 4 (reports 41–53) Journal Article Thaiszia, 29 (2), pp. 231-237, 2019, ISSN: 1210-0420. @article{Dudáš2019, title = {New floristic records from Central Europe 4 (reports 41–53)}, author = {Matej Dudáš and Miroslava Malovcová-Staníková and Artur Pliszko and Branislav Schieber and Jerzy Zieliński }, doi = {10.33542/TJB2019-2-08}, issn = {1210-0420}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-11-29}, journal = {Thaiszia}, volume = {29}, number = {2}, pages = {231-237}, abstract = {The fourth part of the series includes 13 new chorological records of vascular plants from Poland and Slovakia. From Poland, the first record of Rubus austroslovacus from the Vistula River valley is given as well as the first record of Erigeron ×huelsenii from Silesia. Beside this, spontaneous occurrence of Portulaca grandiflora in Kraków and P. oleracea subsp. oleracea in Suwałki has been recorded outside the cultivation. In Slovakia, new sites of endangered species Dichostylis micheliana and Stipa pulcherrima were found as well as new distribution data about Sonchus palustris and Reynoutria japonica. From railway stations, Tribulus terrestris is reported for the first time from eastern Slovakia likewise two new sites of alien species Euphorbia davidii, previously reported from only single locality in southeastern Slovakia. Alien species Xanthium spinosum was reported from the Štiavnické vrchy Mts. and also Sisyrinchium montanum in the Slanské vrchy Mts. Third report of Sagittaria latifolia in Slovakia is given with short characteristic of its coenological conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The fourth part of the series includes 13 new chorological records of vascular plants from Poland and Slovakia. From Poland, the first record of Rubus austroslovacus from the Vistula River valley is given as well as the first record of Erigeron ×huelsenii from Silesia. Beside this, spontaneous occurrence of Portulaca grandiflora in Kraków and P. oleracea subsp. oleracea in Suwałki has been recorded outside the cultivation. In Slovakia, new sites of endangered species Dichostylis micheliana and Stipa pulcherrima were found as well as new distribution data about Sonchus palustris and Reynoutria japonica. From railway stations, Tribulus terrestris is reported for the first time from eastern Slovakia likewise two new sites of alien species Euphorbia davidii, previously reported from only single locality in southeastern Slovakia. Alien species Xanthium spinosum was reported from the Štiavnické vrchy Mts. and also Sisyrinchium montanum in the Slanské vrchy Mts. Third report of Sagittaria latifolia in Slovakia is given with short characteristic of its coenological conditions. |
Hrivnák, Richard; Slezák, Michal; Ujházy, Karol; Máliš, Františk; Blanár, Drahoš; Ujházyová, Mariana; Kliment, Ján Phytosociological approach to scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia Journal Article Annals of Forest Research : journal of forestry and environmental sciences, 62 (2), pp. 183-200, 2019, ISSN: 1844-8135. @article{Hrivnák2019b, title = {Phytosociological approach to scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia}, author = {Richard Hrivnák and Michal Slezák and Karol Ujházy and Františk Máliš and Drahoš Blanár and Mariana Ujházyová and Ján Kliment}, doi = {10.15287/afr.2019.1355}, issn = {1844-8135}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-11-26}, journal = {Annals of Forest Research : journal of forestry and environmental sciences}, volume = {62}, number = {2}, pages = {183-200}, abstract = {The aim of the study was to perform phytosociological revision of the scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia in order to identify i) basic vegetation units of vegetation according to their floristic composition, and ii) to find out the main environmental gradients affecting their compositional variability. Relevés originally assigned to broadly comprehended alliance Tilio platyphylli-Acerion (974 relevés) were used for the analyses. In order to select final dataset (527 relevés), formal criteria, such as tree layer cover >50%, relevé area of 200–500 m2 and presence at least two from six traditionally accepted diagnostic species of the alliance in Central Europe (Acer platanoides, Lunaria rediviva, Phyllitis scolopendrium, Polystichum aculeatum, Tilia platyphyllos and Ulmus glabra) were applied to the primal dataset. Altitude, aspect, slope, climatic characteristics (mean annual precipitation and air temperature), geological bedrock and Ellenberg indicator values (EIVs) were specified for each phytosociological relevé. We used modified TWINSPAN algorithm for classification, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) for explanation of species composition-environmental relationships, and both ANOVA corrected using modified permutation test and Mann-Whitney U-test to test environmental differences at each step of division by numerical classification. Two alliances, Melico-Tilion platyphylli and Tilio platyphylli-Acerion were distinguished with three (Aceri platanoidis-Tilietum platyphylli, Scolopendrio-Fraxinetum and Seslerio heufleranae-Quercetum petraeae) and two (Mercuriali perennis-Fraxinetum excelsioris and Lunario redivivae-Aceretum pseudoplatani) associations, respectively. Besides the floristic composition, other important factors for differentiation of the associations were altitude and related climatic characteristics. The main environmental characteristics affecting the overall compositional variability of studied forests were EIVs for light, moisture, soil reaction and temperature. The complex syntaxonomical revision identified five floristically and ecologically clearly differentiated associations, what reduced the number to almost half of previously distinguished communities from the territory of Slovakia. Moreover, presented concept is at alliance level in accordance with recent European classification approach.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The aim of the study was to perform phytosociological revision of the scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia in order to identify i) basic vegetation units of vegetation according to their floristic composition, and ii) to find out the main environmental gradients affecting their compositional variability. Relevés originally assigned to broadly comprehended alliance Tilio platyphylli-Acerion (974 relevés) were used for the analyses. In order to select final dataset (527 relevés), formal criteria, such as tree layer cover >50%, relevé area of 200–500 m2 and presence at least two from six traditionally accepted diagnostic species of the alliance in Central Europe (Acer platanoides, Lunaria rediviva, Phyllitis scolopendrium, Polystichum aculeatum, Tilia platyphyllos and Ulmus glabra) were applied to the primal dataset. Altitude, aspect, slope, climatic characteristics (mean annual precipitation and air temperature), geological bedrock and Ellenberg indicator values (EIVs) were specified for each phytosociological relevé. We used modified TWINSPAN algorithm for classification, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) for explanation of species composition-environmental relationships, and both ANOVA corrected using modified permutation test and Mann-Whitney U-test to test environmental differences at each step of division by numerical classification. Two alliances, Melico-Tilion platyphylli and Tilio platyphylli-Acerion were distinguished with three (Aceri platanoidis-Tilietum platyphylli, Scolopendrio-Fraxinetum and Seslerio heufleranae-Quercetum petraeae) and two (Mercuriali perennis-Fraxinetum excelsioris and Lunario redivivae-Aceretum pseudoplatani) associations, respectively. Besides the floristic composition, other important factors for differentiation of the associations were altitude and related climatic characteristics. The main environmental characteristics affecting the overall compositional variability of studied forests were EIVs for light, moisture, soil reaction and temperature. The complex syntaxonomical revision identified five floristically and ecologically clearly differentiated associations, what reduced the number to almost half of previously distinguished communities from the territory of Slovakia. Moreover, presented concept is at alliance level in accordance with recent European classification approach. |
Ferus, Peter; Bošiaková, Dominika; Konôpková, Jana; Hoťka, Peter; Kósa, Géza; Melnykova, Nataliya; Kots, Segiy Allelopathic interactions of invasive black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) with secondary aliens: the physiological background Journal Article Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 41 (11), 2019, ISSN: 0137-5881. @article{Ferus2019b, title = {Allelopathic interactions of invasive black locust (\textit{Robinia pseudoacacia} L.) with secondary aliens: the physiological background}, author = {Peter Ferus and Dominika Bošiaková and Jana Konôpková and Peter Hoťka and Géza Kósa and Nataliya Melnykova and Segiy Kots }, doi = {10.1007/s11738-019-2974-y}, issn = {0137-5881}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-11-09}, journal = {Acta Physiologiae Plantarum}, volume = {41}, number = {11}, abstract = {Despite of numerous benefits, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is an invasive tree species in Slovakia and Hungary. Recently, secondary local invasions of black locust plantations by black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) and common hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.) have been observed in these countries. In this study, we describe these unique tree-to-tree interactions directly in the field as well as simulated in the laboratory (1% water extracts from leaves and twigs applied on leaf and soil). In the field, we observed no effect on tree height and trunk diameter as well as leaf metabolic parameters caused by black cherry. However, the laboratory experiment showed a reduction in nodulation, and thus N fixation rate per plant, which did not mirror in the shoot and root dry matter (DM) production. On the other hand, common hackberry significantly affected tree height as well as leaf amino acid and total nitrogen concentration, but not the content of soluble sugars and hydrogen peroxide in the field. The laboratory experiment revealed significant reductions in nodulation, N fixation rate per plant, shoot and root DM and leaf hydrogen peroxide, nevertheless, a noticeable soluble protein accumulation. Thus, we can conclude that common hackberry, but not black cherry, can effectively suppress black locust N metabolism and growth.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Despite of numerous benefits, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is an invasive tree species in Slovakia and Hungary. Recently, secondary local invasions of black locust plantations by black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) and common hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.) have been observed in these countries. In this study, we describe these unique tree-to-tree interactions directly in the field as well as simulated in the laboratory (1% water extracts from leaves and twigs applied on leaf and soil). In the field, we observed no effect on tree height and trunk diameter as well as leaf metabolic parameters caused by black cherry. However, the laboratory experiment showed a reduction in nodulation, and thus N fixation rate per plant, which did not mirror in the shoot and root dry matter (DM) production. On the other hand, common hackberry significantly affected tree height as well as leaf amino acid and total nitrogen concentration, but not the content of soluble sugars and hydrogen peroxide in the field. The laboratory experiment revealed significant reductions in nodulation, N fixation rate per plant, shoot and root DM and leaf hydrogen peroxide, nevertheless, a noticeable soluble protein accumulation. Thus, we can conclude that common hackberry, but not black cherry, can effectively suppress black locust N metabolism and growth. |
Jablonský, Michal; Nosaľová, Jaroslava; Sládková, Alexandra; Ház, Aleš; Kreps, František; Váľka, Jozef; Miertuš, Stanislav; Frecer, Vladimír; Ondrejovič, Miroslav; Šima, Jozef; Šurina, Igor Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review. Journal Article Biotechnology Advances, 35 (6), pp. 726-750, 2019, ISSN: 0734-9750. @article{Jablonský2019, title = {Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review.}, author = {Michal Jablonský and Jaroslava Nosaľová and Alexandra Sládková and Aleš Ház and František Kreps and Jozef Váľka and Stanislav Miertuš and Vladimír Frecer and Miroslav Ondrejovič and Jozef Šima and Igor Šurina}, doi = {10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.07.007}, issn = {0734-9750}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-11-01}, journal = {Biotechnology Advances}, volume = {35}, number = {6}, pages = {726-750}, abstract = {Softwood bark is an important source for producing chemicals and materials as well as bioenergy. Extraction is regarded as a key technology for obtaining chemicals in general, and valorizing bark as a source of such chemicals in particular. In this paper, properties of 237 compounds identified in various studies dealing with extraction of softwood bark were described. Finally, some challenges and perspectives on the production of chemicals from bark are discussed.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Softwood bark is an important source for producing chemicals and materials as well as bioenergy. Extraction is regarded as a key technology for obtaining chemicals in general, and valorizing bark as a source of such chemicals in particular. In this paper, properties of 237 compounds identified in various studies dealing with extraction of softwood bark were described. Finally, some challenges and perspectives on the production of chemicals from bark are discussed. |
Adamčík, S; Looney, B; Caboň, M; Jančovičová, S; Adamčíková, K; Avis, P G; Barajas, M; Bhatt, R P; Corrales, A; Das, K; Hampe, F; Ghosh, A; Gates, G; Kälviäinen, V; Khalid, A N; Kiran, M; Lange, De R; Lee, H; Lim, Y W; Kong, A; Manz, C; Ovrebo, C; Saba, M; Taipale, T; Verbeken, A; Wisitrassameewong, K; Buyck, B The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language Journal Article Fungal Diversity, 99 (1), pp. 369-449, 2019, ISSN: 1560-2745. @article{Adamčík2019, title = {The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language}, author = {S. Adamčík and B. Looney and M. Caboň and S. Jančovičová and K. Adamčíková and P. G. Avis and M. Barajas and R. P. Bhatt and A. Corrales and K. Das and F. Hampe and A. Ghosh and G. Gates and V. Kälviäinen and A. N. Khalid and M. Kiran and R. De Lange and H. Lee and Y. W. Lim and A. Kong and C. Manz and C. Ovrebo and M. Saba and T. Taipale and A. Verbeken and K. Wisitrassameewong and B. Buyck}, doi = {doi.org/10.1007/s13225-019-00437-2}, issn = {1560-2745}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-24}, journal = {Fungal Diversity}, volume = {99}, number = {1}, pages = {369-449}, abstract = {Since 2007, the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased. However, the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific patterns. Most recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements, and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical support. This study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species (Russulaceae, Agaricomycetes). We present the description template, the template measurements table, the specific terminology and the essential chemical reagents. The proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in Slovakia. Descriptions of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared, among them R. amarissima, R. castanopsidis, R. seperina and R. subtilis are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new: R. abietiphila, R. amerorecondita, R. aurantioflava, R. echidna, R. flavobrunnescens, R. fluvialis, R. fortunae, R. garyensis, R. gemmata, R. laevis, R. madrensis, R. olivaceohimalayensis, R. purpureogracilis, R. sancti-pauli and R. wielangtae. Seven descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name assignment. Pairwise comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and statistics. The majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre, but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas, emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis observations. This study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the ITS barcode between closely related species and that it is necessary to use more genetic markers combined with ecological and geographical data.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Since 2007, the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased. However, the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific patterns. Most recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements, and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical support. This study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species (Russulaceae, Agaricomycetes). We present the description template, the template measurements table, the specific terminology and the essential chemical reagents. The proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in Slovakia. Descriptions of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared, among them R. amarissima, R. castanopsidis, R. seperina and R. subtilis are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new: R. abietiphila, R. amerorecondita, R. aurantioflava, R. echidna, R. flavobrunnescens, R. fluvialis, R. fortunae, R. garyensis, R. gemmata, R. laevis, R. madrensis, R. olivaceohimalayensis, R. purpureogracilis, R. sancti-pauli and R. wielangtae. Seven descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name assignment. Pairwise comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and statistics. The majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre, but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas, emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis observations. This study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the ITS barcode between closely related species and that it is necessary to use more genetic markers combined with ecological and geographical data. |
Dara, Surendra K; Montalva, Cristian; Barta, Marek Microbial Control of Invasive Forest Pests with Entomopathogenic Fungi: A Review of the Current Situation Journal Article Insects, 10 (10), 2019, ISSN: 2075-4450. @article{Dara2019, title = {Microbial Control of Invasive Forest Pests with Entomopathogenic Fungi: A Review of the Current Situation}, author = {Surendra K. Dara and Cristian Montalva and Marek Barta}, doi = {10.3390/insects10100341}, issn = {2075-4450}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-12}, journal = {Insects}, volume = {10}, number = {10}, abstract = {The health of the forestlands of the world is impacted by a number of insect pests and some of them cause significant damage with serious economic and environmental implications. Whether it is damage of the North American cypress aphid in South America and Africa, or the destruction of maple trees in North America by the Asian long horned beetle, invasive forest pests are a major problem in many parts of the world. Several studies explored microbial control opportunities of invasive forest pests with entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and some are successfully utilized as a part of integrated forest pest management programs around the world. This manuscript discusses some invasive pests and the status of their microbial control around the world with entomopathogenic fungi. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The health of the forestlands of the world is impacted by a number of insect pests and some of them cause significant damage with serious economic and environmental implications. Whether it is damage of the North American cypress aphid in South America and Africa, or the destruction of maple trees in North America by the Asian long horned beetle, invasive forest pests are a major problem in many parts of the world. Several studies explored microbial control opportunities of invasive forest pests with entomopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and some are successfully utilized as a part of integrated forest pest management programs around the world. This manuscript discusses some invasive pests and the status of their microbial control around the world with entomopathogenic fungi. |
Jarčuška, Benjamín; Kaňuch, Peter; Naďo, Ladislav; Krištín, Anton Quantitative biogeography of Orthoptera does not support classical qualitative regionalization of the Carpathian Mountains Journal Article Biological Journal of the Linnean Society : a journal of evolution, 128 (4), pp. 887-900, 2019, ISSN: 0024-4066. @article{Jarčuška2019, title = {Quantitative biogeography of Orthoptera does not support classical qualitative regionalization of the Carpathian Mountains}, author = {Benjamín Jarčuška and Peter Kaňuch and Ladislav Naďo and Anton Krištín}, doi = {10.1093/biolinnean/blz143}, issn = {0024-4066}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-11}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society : a journal of evolution}, volume = {128}, number = {4}, pages = {887-900}, abstract = {The first biogeographical division of the Carpathians, the second largest mountain range in Europe, was based on qualitative observational floristic data > 100 years ago and has also been applied for the regional zoogeography. In this study, the recent availability of detailed quantitative data allowed us to perform a more powerful evaluation of the classical biogeographical regions of the area. Thus, we analysed updated distribution patterns of 137 Orthoptera species native to the Carpathian Mountains and, by using published species range maps, we compiled data on species presence or absence within 2576 cells of a 10 km × 10 km universal transverse mercator grid in the area. Pattern analysis of the data was based on non-metric multidimensional scaling and clustering using six different algorithms applied to a β sim dissimilarity matrix. The unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages, which gave the best performance in the analysis of species turnover, delineated four regions. Environmental variables and species richness were used in logistic regression as predictors of delineated clusters, and indicator species were identified for each of the inferred regions. The pattern can be explained, in part, by environmental variables and species richness (34.2%) and was also influenced by connections with the orthopterofauna from adjacent areas. The observed discrepancy between regionalization based on expert knowledge and the pattern revealed using quantitative data provides a warning that the biogeography of the Carpathians might also have been revised in other taxa, where only classical qualitative regionalization exists.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The first biogeographical division of the Carpathians, the second largest mountain range in Europe, was based on qualitative observational floristic data > 100 years ago and has also been applied for the regional zoogeography. In this study, the recent availability of detailed quantitative data allowed us to perform a more powerful evaluation of the classical biogeographical regions of the area. Thus, we analysed updated distribution patterns of 137 Orthoptera species native to the Carpathian Mountains and, by using published species range maps, we compiled data on species presence or absence within 2576 cells of a 10 km × 10 km universal transverse mercator grid in the area. Pattern analysis of the data was based on non-metric multidimensional scaling and clustering using six different algorithms applied to a β sim dissimilarity matrix. The unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages, which gave the best performance in the analysis of species turnover, delineated four regions. Environmental variables and species richness were used in logistic regression as predictors of delineated clusters, and indicator species were identified for each of the inferred regions. The pattern can be explained, in part, by environmental variables and species richness (34.2%) and was also influenced by connections with the orthopterofauna from adjacent areas. The observed discrepancy between regionalization based on expert knowledge and the pattern revealed using quantitative data provides a warning that the biogeography of the Carpathians might also have been revised in other taxa, where only classical qualitative regionalization exists. |
Černecká, Ľudmila; Mihál, Ivan; Gajdoš, Peter; Jarčuška, Benjamín The effect of canopy openness of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests on ground‐dwelling spider communities Journal Article Insect Conservation and Diversity, 13 (3), pp. 250-261, 2019, ISSN: 1752-458X. @article{Černecká2019, title = {The effect of canopy openness of European beech (\textit{Fagus sylvatica}) forests on ground‐dwelling spider communities}, author = {Ľudmila Černecká and Ivan Mihál and Peter Gajdoš and Benjamín Jarčuška}, doi = {10.1111/icad.12380}, issn = {1752-458X}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-09-10}, journal = {Insect Conservation and Diversity}, volume = {13}, number = {3}, pages = {250-261}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Blanár, Drahoš; Guttová, Anna; Mihál, Ivan; Plášek, Vítězslav; Hauer, Tomáš; Palice, Zdeněk; Ujházy, Karol Effect of magnesite dust pollution on biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam woodlands in the Western Carpathians Journal Article Biologia, 74 (12), pp. 1591-1611, 2019, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Blanár2019, title = {Effect of magnesite dust pollution on biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam woodlands in the Western Carpathians}, author = {Drahoš Blanár and Anna Guttová and Ivan Mihál and Vítězslav Plášek and Tomáš Hauer and Zdeněk Palice and Karol Ujházy }, doi = {10.2478/s11756-019-00344-6}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-09-04}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {74}, number = {12}, pages = {1591-1611}, abstract = {We aimed to identify how the alkaline dust fallout from magnesite factories (Slovenské rudohorie Mts, Western Carpathians) affects biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam forests, and to compare sensitivity of local biodiversity represented by vascular plants (including flowering plants and ferns) and cryptogams (cyanobacteria, macromycetes, slime molds, lichens, bryophytes). Altogether 24 plots were sampled along four degradation stages during the vegetation seasons 2011–2016: A – poorly developed vegetation on the magnesite crust, B – dense grassland vegetation almost without a tree-layer, C – degraded woodland with opened canopy, and D – visually unaffected original closed-canopy woodland. For each plot we sampled phytocoenological relevés including vascular plants and terrestrial cryptogams (cyanobacteria, lichens and bryophytes), and presence records for epiphytic lichens, epiphytic bryophytes, sporocarps of macromycetes (terrestrial, saprotrophic, parasitic and ectomycorrizal) and sporocarps of slime molds. We also analyzed concentrations of C, Ca, Mg, S, N, P, K in the soil, light conditions, bark pH and the distance from two emission sources (ES). Increased alkaline dust, corresponding to a smaller distance from the emission source correlated with higher concentrations of Mg, Ca, Fe, S, C/N in soil samples. Regressive succession converted oak-hornbeam woodland to degraded woodland with opened canopy, further to ruderal grasslands, then to halophilous procoenoses of Agrostis stolonifera and Puccinellia distans on degraded soils with eroded magnesite crust and biocrusts (formed by cyanobacteria Microcoleus steenstrupii, Nostoc microscopicum and Schizothrix arenaria; bryophytes Desmatodon cernuus, Didymodon tophaceus; pioneer terrestrial lichen Thelidium zwackhii) and finally into habitat with no vegetation. This is the first report on early successional stages with halophilous procoenoses in the Western Carpathians. We also recorded significant differences in species richness and the species pools in all organism groups along the gradient. Overall species diversity decreased. The degradation stages are characterized by low representation of symbiotic macromycetes and by a high proportion of saprotrophic macromycetes. The highest species richness of vascular plants was recorded in degradation stages B and C, the highest herb-layer cover in stage B. The highest species richness of terrestrial bryophytes is also found in dense grassland vegetation in stage B. Occurrence of nitrophilous epiphytic lichens differentiates unaffected oak-hornbeam woodlands from the plots close to the emission source.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We aimed to identify how the alkaline dust fallout from magnesite factories (Slovenské rudohorie Mts, Western Carpathians) affects biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam forests, and to compare sensitivity of local biodiversity represented by vascular plants (including flowering plants and ferns) and cryptogams (cyanobacteria, macromycetes, slime molds, lichens, bryophytes). Altogether 24 plots were sampled along four degradation stages during the vegetation seasons 2011–2016: A – poorly developed vegetation on the magnesite crust, B – dense grassland vegetation almost without a tree-layer, C – degraded woodland with opened canopy, and D – visually unaffected original closed-canopy woodland. For each plot we sampled phytocoenological relevés including vascular plants and terrestrial cryptogams (cyanobacteria, lichens and bryophytes), and presence records for epiphytic lichens, epiphytic bryophytes, sporocarps of macromycetes (terrestrial, saprotrophic, parasitic and ectomycorrizal) and sporocarps of slime molds. We also analyzed concentrations of C, Ca, Mg, S, N, P, K in the soil, light conditions, bark pH and the distance from two emission sources (ES). Increased alkaline dust, corresponding to a smaller distance from the emission source correlated with higher concentrations of Mg, Ca, Fe, S, C/N in soil samples. Regressive succession converted oak-hornbeam woodland to degraded woodland with opened canopy, further to ruderal grasslands, then to halophilous procoenoses of Agrostis stolonifera and Puccinellia distans on degraded soils with eroded magnesite crust and biocrusts (formed by cyanobacteria Microcoleus steenstrupii, Nostoc microscopicum and Schizothrix arenaria; bryophytes Desmatodon cernuus, Didymodon tophaceus; pioneer terrestrial lichen Thelidium zwackhii) and finally into habitat with no vegetation. This is the first report on early successional stages with halophilous procoenoses in the Western Carpathians. We also recorded significant differences in species richness and the species pools in all organism groups along the gradient. Overall species diversity decreased. The degradation stages are characterized by low representation of symbiotic macromycetes and by a high proportion of saprotrophic macromycetes. The highest species richness of vascular plants was recorded in degradation stages B and C, the highest herb-layer cover in stage B. The highest species richness of terrestrial bryophytes is also found in dense grassland vegetation in stage B. Occurrence of nitrophilous epiphytic lichens differentiates unaffected oak-hornbeam woodlands from the plots close to the emission source. |
Kulfan, Ján; Sarvašová, Lenka; Parák, Michal; Zach, Peter Effects of a host tree on movement and distribution of winter geometrid moths (Lepidoptera): thickness of trunks and branches Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 46 (2), pp. 83-90, 2019, ISBN: 1336-5266. @article{Kulfan2019b, title = {Effects of a host tree on movement and distribution of winter geometrid moths (Lepidoptera): thickness of trunks and branches}, author = {Ján Kulfan and Lenka Sarvašová and Michal Parák and Peter Zach}, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2019-0011}, isbn = {1336-5266}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-21}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {83-90}, abstract = {Adult moths from an ecological group of winter geometrid species look for trees where they copulate and females lay eggs. We investigated how tree trunk and lower branch thickness affects the occurrence of females on trunks and branches and how the density of females and tree trunk thickness affects the occurrence of males on trunks. The research was carried out in a xeric thermophilous oak forest in southern Slovakia (Central Europe) in the winter season 2014–2015. The moths were obtained from Quercus pubescens trees by sticky bands. Three autumn species Operophtera brumata, Erannis defoliaria, Alsophila aceraria and four spring species Agriopis leucophaearia, Agriopis marginaria, Apocheima hispidaria, Phigalia pilosaria were recorded. We have found out that females had not exclusively negative geotactic behaviour as they (except for the rare P. pilosaria) occurred also on lower branches. Tree trunk and lower branch thickness had a positive effect on abundance of females of the three most abundant species (A. leucophaearia, O. brumata, E. defoliaria) on trunks and lower branches. Tree trunk thickness had a positive effect on density of the females of A. leucophaearia on trunks but not on O. brumata and E. defoliaria. The abundance of the males of O. brumata, E. defoliaria and A. leucophaearia on trunks was positively affected by tree trunk thickness and the density of their females.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Adult moths from an ecological group of winter geometrid species look for trees where they copulate and females lay eggs. We investigated how tree trunk and lower branch thickness affects the occurrence of females on trunks and branches and how the density of females and tree trunk thickness affects the occurrence of males on trunks. The research was carried out in a xeric thermophilous oak forest in southern Slovakia (Central Europe) in the winter season 2014–2015. The moths were obtained from Quercus pubescens trees by sticky bands. Three autumn species Operophtera brumata, Erannis defoliaria, Alsophila aceraria and four spring species Agriopis leucophaearia, Agriopis marginaria, Apocheima hispidaria, Phigalia pilosaria were recorded. We have found out that females had not exclusively negative geotactic behaviour as they (except for the rare P. pilosaria) occurred also on lower branches. Tree trunk and lower branch thickness had a positive effect on abundance of females of the three most abundant species (A. leucophaearia, O. brumata, E. defoliaria) on trunks and lower branches. Tree trunk thickness had a positive effect on density of the females of A. leucophaearia on trunks but not on O. brumata and E. defoliaria. The abundance of the males of O. brumata, E. defoliaria and A. leucophaearia on trunks was positively affected by tree trunk thickness and the density of their females. |
Kubov, Martin; Schieber, Branislav; Janík, Rastislav Seasonal dynamics of macronutrients in aboveground biomass of two herb-layer species in a beech forest Journal Article Biologia, 74 (11), pp. 1415-1424, 2019, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Kubov2019, title = {Seasonal dynamics of macronutrients in aboveground biomass of two herb-layer species in a beech forest}, author = {Martin Kubov and Branislav Schieber and Rastislav Janík}, doi = {10.2478/s11756-019-00317-9}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-08}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {74}, number = {11}, pages = {1415-1424}, abstract = {The content of six macronutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg) in the aboveground biomass of two forest plants representing different life forms (Carex pilosa, a hemicryptophyte, and Dentaria bulbifera, a geophyte) was analysed in relation to selected phenological phases. The ability of the plants to accumulate nutrients from the soil into the biomass was studied using transfer coefficients (TCs). Additionally, we examined the temporal changes in nutrient ratios for both species. The study was performed in a beech ecosystem in central Slovakia (Kremnické vrchy Mountains). The content of available nutrients in the soil (Eutric Cambisol) decreased as follows: N > Ca > S > Mg > K > P. A higher ability to accumulate all elements into the biomass was found for Dentaria bulbifera in comparison to Carex pilosa. We found different patterns of nutrient accumulation between Dentaria bulbifera (N > K > S > Ca > Mg > P) and Carex pilosa (K > N > Ca > S > Mg > P). Temporal changes in the content of nutrients were more noticeable in Dentaria bulbifera, especially for N, S and P – the content of these nutrients diminished. On the other hand, the content of K and Ca in Carex pilosa rose over time. For both species, the highest TC was detected in the case of P and K. Clear temporal variability was also revealed in some nutrient ratios, e.g., [N:K] and [Ca:P]. We confirmed that the nutrient content, nutrient ratio and transfer of macronutrients from the soil to plant biomass vary throughout the growing season in relation to the phenological phases of the plants. Similarly, the dynamics of both nutrient content and the accumulation of macronutrients in the biomass are related to the life form of the plant.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The content of six macronutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg) in the aboveground biomass of two forest plants representing different life forms (Carex pilosa, a hemicryptophyte, and Dentaria bulbifera, a geophyte) was analysed in relation to selected phenological phases. The ability of the plants to accumulate nutrients from the soil into the biomass was studied using transfer coefficients (TCs). Additionally, we examined the temporal changes in nutrient ratios for both species. The study was performed in a beech ecosystem in central Slovakia (Kremnické vrchy Mountains). The content of available nutrients in the soil (Eutric Cambisol) decreased as follows: N > Ca > S > Mg > K > P. A higher ability to accumulate all elements into the biomass was found for Dentaria bulbifera in comparison to Carex pilosa. We found different patterns of nutrient accumulation between Dentaria bulbifera (N > K > S > Ca > Mg > P) and Carex pilosa (K > N > Ca > S > Mg > P). Temporal changes in the content of nutrients were more noticeable in Dentaria bulbifera, especially for N, S and P – the content of these nutrients diminished. On the other hand, the content of K and Ca in Carex pilosa rose over time. For both species, the highest TC was detected in the case of P and K. Clear temporal variability was also revealed in some nutrient ratios, e.g., [N:K] and [Ca:P]. We confirmed that the nutrient content, nutrient ratio and transfer of macronutrients from the soil to plant biomass vary throughout the growing season in relation to the phenological phases of the plants. Similarly, the dynamics of both nutrient content and the accumulation of macronutrients in the biomass are related to the life form of the plant. |
Pastirčáková, Katarína In vitro interactions between Trichoderma harzianum and pathogenic fungi damaging horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and fruits Journal Article Biological Letters, 54 (1), pp. 24-35, 2019, ISSN: 1644-7700. @article{Pastirčáková2019b, title = {\textit{In vitro} interactions between \textit{Trichoderma harzianum} and pathogenic fungi damaging horse-chestnut (\textit{Aesculus hippocastanum}) leaves and fruits}, author = {Katarína Pastirčáková}, doi = {10.2478/biolet-2019-0003}, issn = {1644-7700}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-02}, journal = {Biological Letters}, volume = {54}, number = {1}, pages = {24-35}, abstract = {Interactions between 3 pathogenic fungi damaging horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and fruits – Phyllosticta sphaeropsoidea, Phomopsis carposchiza, and Diaporthe padi – and the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum were studied to determine their mutual influence in vitro. Antibiosis of colonies developing on 5 nutrient media was tested. The 3 studied T. harzianum isolates differed in their antagonistic potential. although T. harzianum isolates significantly inhibited the growth of Phomopsis carposchiza, the mycelium growth of some of the re-isolates on fresh medium indicates an inadequate antagonistic effect of T. harzianum on this species. The tested Trichoderma isolates showed stronger antagonism towards the other pathogens, reflected in overgrowing of Phyllosticta sphaeropso-idea and Diaporthe padi and reducing their growth. Granulation of the cytoplasm and lysis of hyphae of the fungal pathogens were the most frequently observed effects of the interaction.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Interactions between 3 pathogenic fungi damaging horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and fruits – Phyllosticta sphaeropsoidea, Phomopsis carposchiza, and Diaporthe padi – and the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum were studied to determine their mutual influence in vitro. Antibiosis of colonies developing on 5 nutrient media was tested. The 3 studied T. harzianum isolates differed in their antagonistic potential. although T. harzianum isolates significantly inhibited the growth of Phomopsis carposchiza, the mycelium growth of some of the re-isolates on fresh medium indicates an inadequate antagonistic effect of T. harzianum on this species. The tested Trichoderma isolates showed stronger antagonism towards the other pathogens, reflected in overgrowing of Phyllosticta sphaeropso-idea and Diaporthe padi and reducing their growth. Granulation of the cytoplasm and lysis of hyphae of the fungal pathogens were the most frequently observed effects of the interaction. |
Jamnická, Gabriela; Jr., Peter Fleischer; Konôpková, Alena; Pšidová, Eva; Kučerová, Jana; Kurjak, Daniel; Živčák, Marek; Ditmarová, Ľubica Norway Spruce (Picea abies L.) Provenances Use Different Physiological Strategies to Cope with Water Deficit Journal Article Forests, 10 (8), 2019, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Jamnická2019, title = {Norway Spruce (\textit{Picea abies} L.) Provenances Use Different Physiological Strategies to Cope with Water Deficit}, author = {Gabriela Jamnická and Peter Fleischer Jr. and Alena Konôpková and Eva Pšidová and Jana Kučerová and Daniel Kurjak and Marek Živčák and Ľubica Ditmarová }, doi = {10.3390/f10080651}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-01}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {10}, number = {8}, abstract = {Research Highlights: In this study, we found different regulatory mechanisms in two contrasting provenances of Norway spruce responding to progressive drought stress. Background and Objectives: In the context of climate and environmental changes, the following question of high importance in scientific studies is: How will Norway spruce, which forms a dominant component in European mountain and boreal forests, be able to cope with the increasing frequencies and intensities of drought periods? The aim of the study was to investigate the physiological responses of eight-month-old seedlings, as a most vulnerable phase of forest tree life, for different spruce provenances, to find out variable strategies in relation to controlled drought stress. Materials and Methods: We performed an experiment under controlled conditions with spruce seedlings from a climatologically warmer stand of 410 m above sea level (a.s.l.), and a moderately cool stand of 931 m a.s.l. The soil water content, leaf predawn water potential, the osmotic potential of needles, the relative water content of needles, and the photosynthetic performance and the contents of primary metabolites (proline and abscisic acid) were investigated as indicators of the spruce seedlings’ responses to water stress. The status of the indicators was analyzed at different temporal intervals, using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), reflecting the seedlings’ water conditions (early drought, drought, or recovery). On a daily basis, the differences among the indicators were tested with one-way ANOVA. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the provenance-specific responses of tree drought indicators in a multi-dimensional data set. Results: The responses to drought stress differed between the provenances. Whereas seedlings of ‘warm’ provenance from a low altitude performed a conservation strategy, with high amounts of accumulated abscisic acid and closing the stomata faster, the reactions of ‘cool’ provenance seedlings from a higher altitude were not so sensitive and the plants’ water supply and photosynthetic performance remained significantly higher. These findings indicate that a higher drought resistance in ‘cool’ provenance could be related to greater amounts of proline amino-acids, which are accumulated from the beginning of the drought simulation. Furthermore, proline accumulation resulting in increased stress tolerance is controlled through another mechanism than osmotic adjustment. Conclusions: The observed variations in the regulatory mechanisms used to develop adaptive strategies in different provenances are an important factor for seedling survival under a changing climate.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Research Highlights: In this study, we found different regulatory mechanisms in two contrasting provenances of Norway spruce responding to progressive drought stress. Background and Objectives: In the context of climate and environmental changes, the following question of high importance in scientific studies is: How will Norway spruce, which forms a dominant component in European mountain and boreal forests, be able to cope with the increasing frequencies and intensities of drought periods? The aim of the study was to investigate the physiological responses of eight-month-old seedlings, as a most vulnerable phase of forest tree life, for different spruce provenances, to find out variable strategies in relation to controlled drought stress. Materials and Methods: We performed an experiment under controlled conditions with spruce seedlings from a climatologically warmer stand of 410 m above sea level (a.s.l.), and a moderately cool stand of 931 m a.s.l. The soil water content, leaf predawn water potential, the osmotic potential of needles, the relative water content of needles, and the photosynthetic performance and the contents of primary metabolites (proline and abscisic acid) were investigated as indicators of the spruce seedlings’ responses to water stress. The status of the indicators was analyzed at different temporal intervals, using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), reflecting the seedlings’ water conditions (early drought, drought, or recovery). On a daily basis, the differences among the indicators were tested with one-way ANOVA. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the provenance-specific responses of tree drought indicators in a multi-dimensional data set. Results: The responses to drought stress differed between the provenances. Whereas seedlings of ‘warm’ provenance from a low altitude performed a conservation strategy, with high amounts of accumulated abscisic acid and closing the stomata faster, the reactions of ‘cool’ provenance seedlings from a higher altitude were not so sensitive and the plants’ water supply and photosynthetic performance remained significantly higher. These findings indicate that a higher drought resistance in ‘cool’ provenance could be related to greater amounts of proline amino-acids, which are accumulated from the beginning of the drought simulation. Furthermore, proline accumulation resulting in increased stress tolerance is controlled through another mechanism than osmotic adjustment. Conclusions: The observed variations in the regulatory mechanisms used to develop adaptive strategies in different provenances are an important factor for seedling survival under a changing climate. |
Barta, Marek; Lalík, Michal; Rell, Slavomír; Kunca, Andrej; Horáková, Miriam Kádasi; Mudrončeková, Silvia; Galko, Juraj Forests, 10 (634), pp. 1-18, 2019, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Barta2019, title = {Hypocrealean fungi associated with Hylobius abietis in Slovakia, their virulence against weevil adults and effect on feeding damage in laboratory}, author = {Marek Barta and Michal Lalík and Slavomír Rell and Andrej Kunca and Miriam Kádasi Horáková and Silvia Mudrončeková and Juraj Galko}, doi = {10.3390/f10080634}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-29}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {10}, number = {634}, pages = {1-18}, abstract = {In temperate regions of Europe, the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis, is a major pest of coniferous forests mostly at sites where clear-felling is followed by planting of saplings. Control measures against this pest are based on silvicultural techniques, an application of physical barriers on stems of saplings and insecticide treatments. To avoid the use of insecticides, alternative measures such as biological control have been investigated. The goal of the present study was to obtain local strains of entomopathogenic fungi (Ascomycota, Hypocreales) from natural populations of H. abietis, and to investigate their efficacy against the weevil. A survey on entomopathogenic fungi was undertaken at clear-felled areas of spruce forests in northern Slovakia. Two Beauveria species, B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana, were identified, and 22 in vitro strains were obtained. Mean prevalence of infected adults was low (2.10%) and the mycosis was mostly recorded during May and June. Virulence of Beauveria strains against the weevil was tested in laboratory. B. bassiana strain AMEP20 was significantly most virulent (LC50 of 0.65 x 108 conidia/ml). Treatment with conidia of AMEP20 strain affected feeding damage by the weevil on bark of Scots pine twigs. Daily bark consumption by B. bassiana-treated weevils was lower than by untreated individuals and decreased with increasing conidia concentration used for the treatment. In the outdoor experiment, AMEP20 strain killed weevils that fed on spruce saplings treated with conidia suspensions. Mortality due to mycosis on weevils exposed to the conidia-treated saplings reached 30.0%–76.5% and 55.0%–88.2% after 32 and 46 days, respectively.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In temperate regions of Europe, the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis, is a major pest of coniferous forests mostly at sites where clear-felling is followed by planting of saplings. Control measures against this pest are based on silvicultural techniques, an application of physical barriers on stems of saplings and insecticide treatments. To avoid the use of insecticides, alternative measures such as biological control have been investigated. The goal of the present study was to obtain local strains of entomopathogenic fungi (Ascomycota, Hypocreales) from natural populations of H. abietis, and to investigate their efficacy against the weevil. A survey on entomopathogenic fungi was undertaken at clear-felled areas of spruce forests in northern Slovakia. Two Beauveria species, B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana, were identified, and 22 in vitro strains were obtained. Mean prevalence of infected adults was low (2.10%) and the mycosis was mostly recorded during May and June. Virulence of Beauveria strains against the weevil was tested in laboratory. B. bassiana strain AMEP20 was significantly most virulent (LC50 of 0.65 x 108 conidia/ml). Treatment with conidia of AMEP20 strain affected feeding damage by the weevil on bark of Scots pine twigs. Daily bark consumption by B. bassiana-treated weevils was lower than by untreated individuals and decreased with increasing conidia concentration used for the treatment. In the outdoor experiment, AMEP20 strain killed weevils that fed on spruce saplings treated with conidia suspensions. Mortality due to mycosis on weevils exposed to the conidia-treated saplings reached 30.0%–76.5% and 55.0%–88.2% after 32 and 46 days, respectively. |
Slezák, Michal; Hrivnák, Richard How do environmental variables shape plant species diversity and composition in beech forests of Central Slovakia? Journal Article Biologia, 74 (10), pp. 1295-1301, 2019, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Slezák2019, title = {How do environmental variables shape plant species diversity and composition in beech forests of Central Slovakia?}, author = {Michal Slezák and Richard Hrivnák }, doi = {10.2478/s11756-019-00316-w}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-22}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {74}, number = {10}, pages = {1295-1301}, abstract = {European beech forests are an important component of natural vegetation in submontane and montane areas of Central Europe. Although floristic variability of their plant communities has been relatively well described, there is no universal set of environmental predictors shaping their vegetation structure. We sampled vegetation and environmental data associated with soil, light, topography and climate in beech-dominated stands of central Slovakia in order to determine how these factors act on plant species diversity and composition variability. We recorded all vascular plants for each plot with uniform size (20 × 20 m). Redundancy analysis (RDA) with forward selection procedure was used to test the species composition-environmental relationship. Generalized linear model (GLM) assessed the importance of environmental variables as predictors of species richness. European beech forests were in general species-poor with a mean of 15 (range 6–30) plant species per plot. Three factors (soil pH, total soil nitrogen, canopy openness) were found to be responsible for species composition variation in RDA. Their marginal effect was 30.2%, but only soil pH (8.3%) and total soil nitrogen (5.9%) contributed to the explained variance of pure effect. GLM identified positive linear effect of four variables (soil pH, altitude, canopy openness, radiation) on species richness of vascular plants. The strongest predictors were soil pH and altitude, but all factors included in the model jointly explained 57.3% of variation in species richness data.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } European beech forests are an important component of natural vegetation in submontane and montane areas of Central Europe. Although floristic variability of their plant communities has been relatively well described, there is no universal set of environmental predictors shaping their vegetation structure. We sampled vegetation and environmental data associated with soil, light, topography and climate in beech-dominated stands of central Slovakia in order to determine how these factors act on plant species diversity and composition variability. We recorded all vascular plants for each plot with uniform size (20 × 20 m). Redundancy analysis (RDA) with forward selection procedure was used to test the species composition-environmental relationship. Generalized linear model (GLM) assessed the importance of environmental variables as predictors of species richness. European beech forests were in general species-poor with a mean of 15 (range 6–30) plant species per plot. Three factors (soil pH, total soil nitrogen, canopy openness) were found to be responsible for species composition variation in RDA. Their marginal effect was 30.2%, but only soil pH (8.3%) and total soil nitrogen (5.9%) contributed to the explained variance of pure effect. GLM identified positive linear effect of four variables (soil pH, altitude, canopy openness, radiation) on species richness of vascular plants. The strongest predictors were soil pH and altitude, but all factors included in the model jointly explained 57.3% of variation in species richness data. |
Naďo, Ladislav; Lőbbová, Denisa; Hapl, Ervín; Ceľuch, Martin; Uhrin, Marcel; Šara, Michal; Kaňuch, Peter Highly selective roosting of the giant noctule bat and its astonishing foraging activity by GPS tracking in a mountain environment Journal Article Mammal Research, 64 (4), pp. 587-594, 2019, ISSN: 2199-2401. @article{Naďo2019, title = {Highly selective roosting of the giant noctule bat and its astonishing foraging activity by GPS tracking in a mountain environment}, author = {Ladislav Naďo and Denisa Lőbbová and Ervín Hapl and Martin Ceľuch and Marcel Uhrin and Michal Šara and Peter Kaňuch }, doi = {10.1007/s13364-019-00446-1}, issn = {2199-2401}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-20}, journal = {Mammal Research}, volume = {64}, number = {4}, pages = {587-594}, abstract = {The giant noctule, Nyctalus lasiopterus, is the largest and one of the least studied bat species in Europe with decreasing population trend. Due to its rarity, knowledge about its ecology and spatiotemporal activity is very fragmented. During two late-summer seasons, nine individuals were tracked using either radio-transmitters or GPS devices in an isolated population breeding in the Muránska planina Mts (Carpathians, Slovakia), which is an area characterized by distinct mountain landscape considerably different from the main species range. The bats roosted exclusively in mature aspen trees, Populus tremula, with decayed heartwood (n = 20 cavities in 18 trees) and located in sparse unmanaged natural mixed forests. Using GPS tracking technology (15–23 nights for each of three females), we found that the bats have large foraging home ranges (on average a minimum convex polygon 430 km2, average of 95% kernel density estimate of 361 km2) and had long foraging transits (up to ~ 130 km) with large distance from the roosting area (up to ~ 49 km). The bats foraged at altitudes from 1013 to 1308 m a.s.l. (max 2666 m a.s.l.), and from 124 to 367 m (max 1659 m) above ground. Novel information about roosting ecology and the spatiotemporal foraging patterns in a mountain environment is very important for conservation of this enigmatic bat in Central Europe.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The giant noctule, Nyctalus lasiopterus, is the largest and one of the least studied bat species in Europe with decreasing population trend. Due to its rarity, knowledge about its ecology and spatiotemporal activity is very fragmented. During two late-summer seasons, nine individuals were tracked using either radio-transmitters or GPS devices in an isolated population breeding in the Muránska planina Mts (Carpathians, Slovakia), which is an area characterized by distinct mountain landscape considerably different from the main species range. The bats roosted exclusively in mature aspen trees, Populus tremula, with decayed heartwood (n = 20 cavities in 18 trees) and located in sparse unmanaged natural mixed forests. Using GPS tracking technology (15–23 nights for each of three females), we found that the bats have large foraging home ranges (on average a minimum convex polygon 430 km2, average of 95% kernel density estimate of 361 km2) and had long foraging transits (up to ~ 130 km) with large distance from the roosting area (up to ~ 49 km). The bats foraged at altitudes from 1013 to 1308 m a.s.l. (max 2666 m a.s.l.), and from 124 to 367 m (max 1659 m) above ground. Novel information about roosting ecology and the spatiotemporal foraging patterns in a mountain environment is very important for conservation of this enigmatic bat in Central Europe. |
K. Adamčíková E. Ondrušková, Kobza M Hypovirulence in chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, in Slovakia Journal Article Biocontrol Science and Technology, 29 (9), pp. 840-851, 2019, ISSN: 0958-3157. @article{Adamčíková2019, title = {Hypovirulence in chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, in Slovakia}, author = {K. Adamčíková, E. Ondrušková, M. Kobza}, doi = {DOI: 10.1080/09583157.2019.1608509}, issn = {0958-3157}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-19}, journal = {Biocontrol Science and Technology}, volume = {29}, number = {9}, pages = {840-851}, abstract = {The recovery of the European chestnut from chestnut blight in Europe is attributed to hypovirulence, a viral disease that reduces the virulence of its host – Cryphonectria parasitica. Hypovirulence has been used in biocontrol programmes throughout Europe with the aim of not only treating individual chestnut blight cankers but causing the natural spread and establishment of viruses in C. parasitica populations. Almost 40 years after the first appearance of chestnut blight and more than 20 years after the first biocontrol treatment implementation in Slovakia the establishment and natural spread of hypovirulence were studied. The morphological characteristics of 179 chestnut blight cankers and 161 C. parasitica strains were evaluated for the presence of hypovirus from three chestnut cultivation sites in Slovakia. Nineteen cankers and isolates were considered hypovirulent based on visual assessment of their morphological characteristics. The hypovirus presence by RNA extraction was confirmed in 6 cankers/strains.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The recovery of the European chestnut from chestnut blight in Europe is attributed to hypovirulence, a viral disease that reduces the virulence of its host – Cryphonectria parasitica. Hypovirulence has been used in biocontrol programmes throughout Europe with the aim of not only treating individual chestnut blight cankers but causing the natural spread and establishment of viruses in C. parasitica populations. Almost 40 years after the first appearance of chestnut blight and more than 20 years after the first biocontrol treatment implementation in Slovakia the establishment and natural spread of hypovirulence were studied. The morphological characteristics of 179 chestnut blight cankers and 161 C. parasitica strains were evaluated for the presence of hypovirus from three chestnut cultivation sites in Slovakia. Nineteen cankers and isolates were considered hypovirulent based on visual assessment of their morphological characteristics. The hypovirus presence by RNA extraction was confirmed in 6 cankers/strains. |
Mezei, Pavel; Potterf, Mária; Škvarenina, Jaroslav; Rasmussen, Jakob Gulddahl; Jakuš, Rastislav Potential Solar Radiation as a Driver for Bark Beetle Infestation on a Landscape Scale Journal Article Forests, 10 (7), 2019, ISSN: 1999-4907. @article{Mezei2019, title = {Potential Solar Radiation as a Driver for Bark Beetle Infestation on a Landscape Scale}, author = {Pavel Mezei and Mária Potterf and Jaroslav Škvarenina and Jakob Gulddahl Rasmussen and Rastislav Jakuš}, doi = {10.3390/f10070604}, issn = {1999-4907}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-19}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {10}, number = {7}, abstract = {In recent decades, Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests of the High Tatra Mountains have suffered unprecedented tree mortality caused by European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.). Analysis of the spatiotemporal pattern of bark beetle outbreaks across the landscape in consecutive years can provide new insights into the population dynamics of tree-killing insects. A bark beetle outbreak occurred in the High Tatra Mountains after a storm damaged more than 10,000 ha of forests in 2004. We combined yearly Landsat-derived bark beetle infestation spots from 2006 to 2014 and meteorological data to identify the susceptibility of forest stands to beetle infestation. We found that digital elevation model (DEM)-derived potential radiation loads predicted beetle infestation, especially in the peak phase of beetle epidemic. Moreover, spots attacked at the beginning of our study period had higher values of received solar radiation than spots at the end of the study period, indicating that bark beetles prefer sites with higher insolation during outbreak. We conclude that solar radiation, easily determined from the DEM, better identified beetle infestations than commonly used meteorological variables. We recommend including potential solar radiation in beetle infestation prediction models. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In recent decades, Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests of the High Tatra Mountains have suffered unprecedented tree mortality caused by European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.). Analysis of the spatiotemporal pattern of bark beetle outbreaks across the landscape in consecutive years can provide new insights into the population dynamics of tree-killing insects. A bark beetle outbreak occurred in the High Tatra Mountains after a storm damaged more than 10,000 ha of forests in 2004. We combined yearly Landsat-derived bark beetle infestation spots from 2006 to 2014 and meteorological data to identify the susceptibility of forest stands to beetle infestation. We found that digital elevation model (DEM)-derived potential radiation loads predicted beetle infestation, especially in the peak phase of beetle epidemic. Moreover, spots attacked at the beginning of our study period had higher values of received solar radiation than spots at the end of the study period, indicating that bark beetles prefer sites with higher insolation during outbreak. We conclude that solar radiation, easily determined from the DEM, better identified beetle infestations than commonly used meteorological variables. We recommend including potential solar radiation in beetle infestation prediction models. |
Nusová, Gréta; Fulín, Miroslav; Uhrin, Marcel; Uhrovič, Dalibor; Kaňuch, Peter Spatiotemporal pattern in the autumn invasion behaviour of the common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus: Review with a case study Journal Article Mammalian Biology, 97 , pp. 13-21, 2019, ISSN: 1616-5047. @article{Nusová2019, title = {Spatiotemporal pattern in the autumn invasion behaviour of the common pipistrelle, \textit{Pipistrellus pipistrellus}: Review with a case study}, author = {Gréta Nusová and Miroslav Fulín and Marcel Uhrin and Dalibor Uhrovič and Peter Kaňuch}, doi = {10.1016/j.mambio.2019.04.005}, issn = {1616-5047}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-01}, journal = {Mammalian Biology}, volume = {97}, pages = {13-21}, abstract = {Common pipistrelle bats are known for their autumn or late-summer invasions, when temporary groups of individuals fly into inhabited buildings in urban areas. This specific display has been reported since 1862. In this review, we collected all available records and analysed their spatiotemporal pattern within the species range with regard to the numbers and structure of individuals involved in such invasions (in total 1,025 invasions from 51 publications and almost 80 unpublished or own records). We found that invasions occurred mostly in Central European towns in Slovakia, Czechia and Germany between 48 and 55° of northern latitude, mainly during the late decades of 20th century. Although the majority of invasions occurred just once or twice at a site and involved only dozens of individuals, sites that were repeatedly invaded also exhibited a higher number of bats involved (hundreds of individuals). The reviewed data suggest that predominantly young animals without sex bias took part in the invasions. A special emphasis was put on the city of Košice, Slovakia, where invasions repeated annually since 1996, mostly in August and September, while bats altered the invasion sites during the analysed period. However, the number of invasions and invading individuals was related to the number of bats hibernating in the largest know hibernaculum in the species range (Erňa cave). This review suggests that invasions are some misconduct associated with the migration into large swarming and hibernation sites while the social memory of adult females should be a mechanism facilitating such seasonal movements in young bats. However, social calls of inexperienced juveniles which got stuck inside buildings tend to lure other individuals into this ecological trap.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Common pipistrelle bats are known for their autumn or late-summer invasions, when temporary groups of individuals fly into inhabited buildings in urban areas. This specific display has been reported since 1862. In this review, we collected all available records and analysed their spatiotemporal pattern within the species range with regard to the numbers and structure of individuals involved in such invasions (in total 1,025 invasions from 51 publications and almost 80 unpublished or own records). We found that invasions occurred mostly in Central European towns in Slovakia, Czechia and Germany between 48 and 55° of northern latitude, mainly during the late decades of 20th century. Although the majority of invasions occurred just once or twice at a site and involved only dozens of individuals, sites that were repeatedly invaded also exhibited a higher number of bats involved (hundreds of individuals). The reviewed data suggest that predominantly young animals without sex bias took part in the invasions. A special emphasis was put on the city of Košice, Slovakia, where invasions repeated annually since 1996, mostly in August and September, while bats altered the invasion sites during the analysed period. However, the number of invasions and invading individuals was related to the number of bats hibernating in the largest know hibernaculum in the species range (Erňa cave). This review suggests that invasions are some misconduct associated with the migration into large swarming and hibernation sites while the social memory of adult females should be a mechanism facilitating such seasonal movements in young bats. However, social calls of inexperienced juveniles which got stuck inside buildings tend to lure other individuals into this ecological trap. |
Korňan, Martin; Svitok, Marek; Krištín, Anton Ecology and Evolution, 9 (5), pp. 8541-8554, 2019, ISBN: 2045-7758. @article{Korňan2019, title = {Null model analyses of temporal patterns of bird assemblages and their foraging guilds revealed the predominance of positive and random associations}, author = {Martin Korňan and Marek Svitok and Anton Krištín}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.5372}, isbn = {2045-7758}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-20}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {9}, number = {5}, pages = {8541-8554}, abstract = {Patterns of species associations have been commonly used to infer interactions among species. If species positively co‐occur, they may form predominantly neutral assemblages, and such patterns suggest a relatively weak role for compensatory dynamics. The main objective of this study was to test this prediction on temporal samples of bird assemblages (n = 19, 10–57 years) by the presence/absence and quantitative null models on assemblage and guild levels. These null model outcomes were further analyzed to evaluate the effects of various data set characteristics on the outcomes of the null models. The analysis of two binary null models in combination with three association indices revealed 20% with significant aggregations, 61% with random associations, and only 19% with significant segregations (n = 95 simulations). The results of the quantitative null model simulations detected more none‐random associations: 61% aggregations, 6% random associations, and 33% segregations (n = 114 simulations). Similarly, quantitative analyses on guild levels showed 58% aggregations, 20% segregations, and 22% random associations (n = 450 simulations). Bayesian GLMs detected that the outcomes of the binary and quantitative null models applied to the assemblage analyses were significantly related to census plot size, whereas the outcomes of the quantitative analyses were also related to the mean population densities of species in the data matrices. In guild‐level analyses, only 9% of the GLMs showed a significant influence of matrix properties (plot size, matrix size, species richness, and mean species population densities) on the null model outcomes. The results did not show the prevalence of negative associations that would have supported compensatory dynamics. Instead, we assume that a similar response of the majority of species to climate‐driven and stochastic factors may be responsible for the revealed predominance of positive associations.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Patterns of species associations have been commonly used to infer interactions among species. If species positively co‐occur, they may form predominantly neutral assemblages, and such patterns suggest a relatively weak role for compensatory dynamics. The main objective of this study was to test this prediction on temporal samples of bird assemblages (n = 19, 10–57 years) by the presence/absence and quantitative null models on assemblage and guild levels. These null model outcomes were further analyzed to evaluate the effects of various data set characteristics on the outcomes of the null models. The analysis of two binary null models in combination with three association indices revealed 20% with significant aggregations, 61% with random associations, and only 19% with significant segregations (n = 95 simulations). The results of the quantitative null model simulations detected more none‐random associations: 61% aggregations, 6% random associations, and 33% segregations (n = 114 simulations). Similarly, quantitative analyses on guild levels showed 58% aggregations, 20% segregations, and 22% random associations (n = 450 simulations). Bayesian GLMs detected that the outcomes of the binary and quantitative null models applied to the assemblage analyses were significantly related to census plot size, whereas the outcomes of the quantitative analyses were also related to the mean population densities of species in the data matrices. In guild‐level analyses, only 9% of the GLMs showed a significant influence of matrix properties (plot size, matrix size, species richness, and mean species population densities) on the null model outcomes. The results did not show the prevalence of negative associations that would have supported compensatory dynamics. Instead, we assume that a similar response of the majority of species to climate‐driven and stochastic factors may be responsible for the revealed predominance of positive associations. |
Martinková, Zdenka; Koprdová, Stanislava; Kulfan, Ján; Zach, Peter; Honěk, Alois Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as predators of conifer seeds Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 46 (1), pp. 37-44, 2019, ISSN: 1336-5266. @article{Martinková2019, title = {Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as predators of conifer seeds}, author = {Zdenka Martinková and Stanislava Koprdová and Ján Kulfan and Peter Zach and Alois Honěk}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/foecol-2019-0006.pdf}, issn = {1336-5266}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-05-20}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {37-44}, abstract = {Many species of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are important predators of seeds. While the consumption of herb seeds has been intensively studied, little attention has been paid to the consumption of seeds of gymnosperm plants. Here, we determined the consumption of seeds of six coniferous species by four common carabid species and compared carabid preference for conifer and selected common angiosperm weed seed species. In no-choice experiments, the large carabid species Pseudoophonus rufipes preferentially consumed the seeds of Picea abies, Larix decidua and Pinus sylvestris. Pinus sylvestris was also preferred by another large carabid, Pterostichus melanarius. The smaller carabids Harpalus affinis and H. rubripes consumed conifer seeds reluctantly. The intensity of seed consumption by carabids decreased with increasing seed size. In choice experiments, both of the large carabid species preferred the small conifer seeds of P. sylvestris and L. decidua over herb seeds of similar size (Dipsacus fullonum, Galeopsis speciosa, Polygonum lapathifolium). Carabids may prefer conifer seeds because of their soft seed coats, regardless of their chemical protections. Postdispersal predation of seeds by carabids may be an important mortality factor in some conifer species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Many species of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are important predators of seeds. While the consumption of herb seeds has been intensively studied, little attention has been paid to the consumption of seeds of gymnosperm plants. Here, we determined the consumption of seeds of six coniferous species by four common carabid species and compared carabid preference for conifer and selected common angiosperm weed seed species. In no-choice experiments, the large carabid species Pseudoophonus rufipes preferentially consumed the seeds of Picea abies, Larix decidua and Pinus sylvestris. Pinus sylvestris was also preferred by another large carabid, Pterostichus melanarius. The smaller carabids Harpalus affinis and H. rubripes consumed conifer seeds reluctantly. The intensity of seed consumption by carabids decreased with increasing seed size. In choice experiments, both of the large carabid species preferred the small conifer seeds of P. sylvestris and L. decidua over herb seeds of similar size (Dipsacus fullonum, Galeopsis speciosa, Polygonum lapathifolium). Carabids may prefer conifer seeds because of their soft seed coats, regardless of their chemical protections. Postdispersal predation of seeds by carabids may be an important mortality factor in some conifer species. |
Ferus, Peter; Barta, Marek; Konôpková, Jana Endophytic fungus Beauveria bassiana can enhance drought tolerance in red oak seedlings Journal Article Trees-Structure and Function, 33 (4), pp. 1179–1186, 2019, ISSN: 0931-1890. @article{Ferus2019, title = {Endophytic fungus \textit{Beauveria bassiana} can enhance drought tolerance in red oak seedlings}, author = {Peter Ferus and Marek Barta and Jana Konôpková }, doi = {10.1007/s00468-019-01854-1}, issn = {0931-1890}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-05-04}, journal = {Trees-Structure and Function}, volume = {33}, number = {4}, pages = {1179–1186}, abstract = {Endophytic fungi are known to be active in the plant environmental stress alleviation. In this work, we proved the ability of endophytic Beauveria bassiana, which is almost exclusively treated as an entomopathogenic fungus, in mitigating drought stress in dehydrated red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings. Despite small differences between experiments, in general, leaf relative water content and stomatal conductance were less reduced (ca. 50% and 15%, respectively), free proline did not accumulate over the control level, carbon isotope 13C discrimination/water use efficiency was not affected and root growth was stimulated at a similar plant transpiration area in the endophyte-colonised individuals. Regression analysis revealed that the root growth stimulation provided by the fungus under drought had the most important effect on their water status.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Endophytic fungi are known to be active in the plant environmental stress alleviation. In this work, we proved the ability of endophytic Beauveria bassiana, which is almost exclusively treated as an entomopathogenic fungus, in mitigating drought stress in dehydrated red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings. Despite small differences between experiments, in general, leaf relative water content and stomatal conductance were less reduced (ca. 50% and 15%, respectively), free proline did not accumulate over the control level, carbon isotope 13C discrimination/water use efficiency was not affected and root growth was stimulated at a similar plant transpiration area in the endophyte-colonised individuals. Regression analysis revealed that the root growth stimulation provided by the fungus under drought had the most important effect on their water status. |
Kehoe, Laura; Reis, Tiago; Virah-Sawmy, Malika; Balmford, Andrew; Kuemmerle, Tobias; Krištín, Anton; Jarčuška, Benjamín; Kanka, Róbert Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable Journal Article Science, 364 (6438), 2019, ISSN: 0036-8075. @article{Kehoe2019, title = {Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable}, author = {Laura Kehoe and Tiago Reis and Malika Virah-Sawmy and Andrew Balmford and Tobias Kuemmerle and Anton Krištín and Benjamín Jarčuška and Róbert Kanka}, doi = {10.1126/science.aaw8276}, issn = {0036-8075}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-04-26}, journal = {Science}, volume = {364}, number = {6438}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Heller, K-G; Hemp, C; Massa, B; Rakotondranary, J; Krištín, A Notes on a small collection of phaneropterine bush-crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from Central and Southern Madagascar with the description of two new species Journal Article Zootaxa, 4563 (2), pp. 297–310, 2019. @article{Heller2019, title = {Notes on a small collection of phaneropterine bush-crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from Central and Southern Madagascar with the description of two new species}, author = {K-G Heller and C Hemp and B Massa and J Rakotondranary and A Krištín}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-04-16}, journal = {Zootaxa}, volume = {4563}, number = {2}, pages = {297–310}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Mihál, Ivan; Marušák, Róbert; Barna, Milan Dynamics of Fagus sylvatica L. Necrotization under Different Pollutant Load Conditions Journal Article Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28 (4), pp. 2755-2763, 2019, ISSN: 1230-1485. @article{Mihál2019, title = {Dynamics of \textit{Fagus sylvatica} L. Necrotization under Different Pollutant Load Conditions}, author = {Ivan Mihál and Róbert Marušák and Milan Barna}, doi = {10.15244/pjoes/92209}, issn = {1230-1485}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-04-01}, journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies}, volume = {28}, number = {4}, pages = {2755-2763}, abstract = {The potential impact of acidic fluorine type of pollutants on the dynamics of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stem bark and crown disease was investigated between 2004 (2007) and 2014 in three mature beech stands in Central Europe. The localities were 1.5 km, 7 km and 18 km from the pollution source: an aluminium plant. A decrease of necrotic disease with the increasing distance from the pollution source was revealed. Necrotization was highest nearest to the pollution source. The significance of the impact of necrotic disease was confirmed for the 2nd and 3rd tree classes. Necrotization was quantified using the indices of stem necrotization (ISN), crown necrotization (ICN) and necrotization of whole tree (IWTN). Over the period 2004 (2007)–2014, the values of ISN, ICN and IWTN decreased at all three localities. Significant positive relationships were found between the necrotization of the crown and stem of the same tree at all localities (Spearman’s correlation analyses R = 0.764; 0.597 and 0.755, P = 0.001; 0.01 and 0.001). Accordingly, the trees suffered from the necrotic damage at all parts in relation to their current health state.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The potential impact of acidic fluorine type of pollutants on the dynamics of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stem bark and crown disease was investigated between 2004 (2007) and 2014 in three mature beech stands in Central Europe. The localities were 1.5 km, 7 km and 18 km from the pollution source: an aluminium plant. A decrease of necrotic disease with the increasing distance from the pollution source was revealed. Necrotization was highest nearest to the pollution source. The significance of the impact of necrotic disease was confirmed for the 2nd and 3rd tree classes. Necrotization was quantified using the indices of stem necrotization (ISN), crown necrotization (ICN) and necrotization of whole tree (IWTN). Over the period 2004 (2007)–2014, the values of ISN, ICN and IWTN decreased at all three localities. Significant positive relationships were found between the necrotization of the crown and stem of the same tree at all localities (Spearman’s correlation analyses R = 0.764; 0.597 and 0.755, P = 0.001; 0.01 and 0.001). Accordingly, the trees suffered from the necrotic damage at all parts in relation to their current health state. |
Denisa Sedmáková Róbert Sedmák, Michal Bosela Marek Ježík Miroslav Blaženec Tomáš Hlásny Róbert Marušák Dendrochronologia, 54 , pp. 67-48, 2019, ISSN: 1125-7865. @article{Sedmáková2019, title = {Growth-climate responses indicate shifts in the competitive ability of European beech and Norway spruce under recent climate warming in East-Central Europe}, author = {Denisa Sedmáková, Róbert Sedmák, Michal Bosela, Marek Ježík, Miroslav Blaženec, Tomáš Hlásny, Róbert Marušák}, doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2019.02.001}, issn = {1125-7865}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-04-01}, journal = {Dendrochronologia}, volume = {54}, pages = {67-48}, abstract = {Long-term changes in climate substantially affect the tree growth and species distribution in Europe. In the presented study, the radial growth of Fagus sylvatica (L.) and Picea abies ((L.) Karst.) has been studied along an altitudinal gradient covering six vegetation formations characteristic for sub-montane, montane and high-montane conditions of the western Carpathians. Tree growth responses to temperature and precipitation changes have been analysed based on the sample of increment cores and standard dendroclimatic methods in two time periods, the reference period 1961–1990 and the recent period 1991–2012. The growth responses of spruce and beech to recent changes in climate were similar up to high-montane zones, where the beech shows significantly larger improvements of radial increments in comparison to spruce. The growth responses were mainly temperature driven. In the sub-montane area, the increased effect of precipitation in the recent period was overridden by the negative effects of warming, and the alleviated temperature limitation had an evidently supportive effect on tree growth in montane and high-montane areas. In the near future, the warming will likely cause decline in radial increments of beech and spruce in sub-montane areas due to expected landscape drying. At the same time, the improved competitive ability of beech in the high-montane zones suggests a shift in the leading edge of beech distribution into higher altitudes in East-Central Europe.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Long-term changes in climate substantially affect the tree growth and species distribution in Europe. In the presented study, the radial growth of Fagus sylvatica (L.) and Picea abies ((L.) Karst.) has been studied along an altitudinal gradient covering six vegetation formations characteristic for sub-montane, montane and high-montane conditions of the western Carpathians. Tree growth responses to temperature and precipitation changes have been analysed based on the sample of increment cores and standard dendroclimatic methods in two time periods, the reference period 1961–1990 and the recent period 1991–2012. The growth responses of spruce and beech to recent changes in climate were similar up to high-montane zones, where the beech shows significantly larger improvements of radial increments in comparison to spruce. The growth responses were mainly temperature driven. In the sub-montane area, the increased effect of precipitation in the recent period was overridden by the negative effects of warming, and the alleviated temperature limitation had an evidently supportive effect on tree growth in montane and high-montane areas. In the near future, the warming will likely cause decline in radial increments of beech and spruce in sub-montane areas due to expected landscape drying. At the same time, the improved competitive ability of beech in the high-montane zones suggests a shift in the leading edge of beech distribution into higher altitudes in East-Central Europe. |
Økland, Bjørn; Flø, Daniel; Schroeder, Martin; Zach, Peter; Cocos, Dragos; Martikainen, Petri; Siitonen, Juha; Mandelshtam, Michail Y; Musolin, Dmitry L; Neuvonen, Seppo; Vakula, Jozef; Nikolov, Christo; Lindelöw, Åke; Voolma, Kaljo Range expansion of the small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus: a newcomer in northern Europe Journal Article Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 21 (3), pp. 286-298, 2019, ISSN: 1461-9555. @article{Økland2019, title = {Range expansion of the small spruce bark beetle \textit{Ips amitinus}: a newcomer in northern Europe}, author = {Bjørn Økland and Daniel Flø and Martin Schroeder and Peter Zach and Dragos Cocos and Petri Martikainen and Juha Siitonen and Michail Y. Mandelshtam and Dmitry L. Musolin and Seppo Neuvonen and Jozef Vakula and Christo Nikolov and Åke Lindelöw and Kaljo Voolma}, doi = {10.1111/afe.12331}, issn = {1461-9555}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-13}, journal = {Agricultural and Forest Entomology}, volume = {21}, number = {3}, pages = {286-298}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Mudrončeková, S; Ferenčík, J; Gruľová, D; Barta, M Insecticidal and repellent effects of plant essential oils against Ips typographus Journal Article Journal of Pest Science, 92 (2), pp. 959-608, 2019, ISSN: 1612-4766. @article{Mudrončeková2018, title = {Insecticidal and repellent effects of plant essential oils against Ips typographus}, author = {S. Mudrončeková and J. Ferenčík and D. Gruľová and M. Barta}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-1038-1}, doi = {10.1007/s10340-018-1038-1}, issn = {1612-4766}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-01}, journal = {Journal of Pest Science}, volume = {92}, number = {2}, pages = {959-608}, abstract = {The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (IT), is considered the most destructive insect pest of spruce forests in the Palaearctic region. Its control is based on a range of phytosanitary measures, insecticide treatments targeting the tree trunks, and pheromone trappings. Essential oils (EOs) from aromatic plants have been recognized as ecological alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In this study, EOs from plants in the Lamiaceae family (Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, Hyssopus officinalis and Mentha × piperita) and the Apiaceae family (Pimpinella anisum and Foeniculum vulgare) were studied for insecticidal and repellent effects against IT. EOs chemical composition was analyzed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. IT adults were exposed to different concentrations of EOs, and their effects were recorded 2–96 h post-treatment. Significant differences in biological activity were observed, and the greatest insecticidal effect was detected for O. vulgare, T. vulgaris, and P. anisum; but O. vulgare EO was significantly more toxic at all doses or exposure times. Repellency index (RI) varied among the EOs and depended on dose and exposure time. At doses of 0.077‒0.219 μl/cm2, the RI increased until 4‒6 h post-treatment; after that period, it decreased. Pimpinella anisum, O. vulgare, and T. vulgaris EOs showed significantly higher repellent effects compared to F. vulgare and H. officinalis EOs. Mentha × piperita EOs exhibited neither repellent nor insecticidal activity against IT. To our knowledge, this is the first time that EOs biological activity against IT was studied.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (IT), is considered the most destructive insect pest of spruce forests in the Palaearctic region. Its control is based on a range of phytosanitary measures, insecticide treatments targeting the tree trunks, and pheromone trappings. Essential oils (EOs) from aromatic plants have been recognized as ecological alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In this study, EOs from plants in the Lamiaceae family (Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, Hyssopus officinalis and Mentha × piperita) and the Apiaceae family (Pimpinella anisum and Foeniculum vulgare) were studied for insecticidal and repellent effects against IT. EOs chemical composition was analyzed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. IT adults were exposed to different concentrations of EOs, and their effects were recorded 2–96 h post-treatment. Significant differences in biological activity were observed, and the greatest insecticidal effect was detected for O. vulgare, T. vulgaris, and P. anisum; but O. vulgare EO was significantly more toxic at all doses or exposure times. Repellency index (RI) varied among the EOs and depended on dose and exposure time. At doses of 0.077‒0.219 μl/cm2, the RI increased until 4‒6 h post-treatment; after that period, it decreased. Pimpinella anisum, O. vulgare, and T. vulgaris EOs showed significantly higher repellent effects compared to F. vulgare and H. officinalis EOs. Mentha × piperita EOs exhibited neither repellent nor insecticidal activity against IT. To our knowledge, this is the first time that EOs biological activity against IT was studied. |
Hu, Fu-Liang; Bíliková, Katarína; Casabianca, Hervé; Daniele, Gaëlle; Espindola, Foued Salmen; Feng, Mao; Guan, Cui; Han, Bin; Kraková, Tatiana Krištof; Li, Jian-Ke; Li, Li; Li, Xing-An; Šimúth, Jozef; Wu, Li-Ming; Wu, Yu-Qi; Xue, Xiao-Feng; Xue, Yun-Bo; Yamaguchi, Kikuji; Zeng, Zhi-Jiang; Zheng, Huo-Qing; Zhou, Jin-Hui Standard methods for Apis mellifera royal jelly research Journal Article Journal of apicultural research, 58 (2), pp. 1-69, 2019, ISSN: 0021-8839. @article{Hu2019, title = {Standard methods for \textit{Apis mellifera\textit{ royal jelly research}, author = {Fu-Liang Hu and Katarína Bíliková and Hervé Casabianca and Gaëlle Daniele and Foued Salmen Espindola and Mao Feng and Cui Guan and Bin Han and Tatiana Krištof Kraková and Jian-Ke Li and Li Li and Xing-An Li and Jozef Šimúth and Li-Ming Wu and Yu-Qi Wu and Xiao-Feng Xue and Yun-Bo Xue and Kikuji Yamaguchi and Zhi-Jiang Zeng and Huo-Qing Zheng and Jin-Hui Zhou}, doi = {10.1080/00218839.2017.1286003}, issn = {0021-8839}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-24}, journal = {Journal of apicultural research}, volume = {58}, number = {2}, pages = {1-69}, abstract = {Royal jelly, a honey bee secretion, plays a critical role in caste determination in honey bees because it serves as the source of nutrition for young larvae destined to become queens. It is also fed to adult queens. Royal jelly possesses numerous functional properties and thus has been used as a medication, health food, and cosmetic in many countries. In this paper, we first introduce a traditional method for producing royal jelly by artificial larvae grafting and a newly developed method that does not require grafting of larvae. We describe protocols for the storage and freeze-drying of royal jelly to preserve its biological properties. Routine methods for determination of two important quality criteria, water content and trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid content, are outlined. On a dry basis, protein, carbohydrate, and fatty acids were found to be the 3 most abundant components of royal jelly. Methods for their isolation, identification, and quantification are described. Because royal jelly is susceptible to contamination with veterinary drugs and acaricides, we also describe methods for detection and quantification of some veterinary drugs and acaricides in royal jelly.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Royal jelly, a honey bee secretion, plays a critical role in caste determination in honey bees because it serves as the source of nutrition for young larvae destined to become queens. It is also fed to adult queens. Royal jelly possesses numerous functional properties and thus has been used as a medication, health food, and cosmetic in many countries. In this paper, we first introduce a traditional method for producing royal jelly by artificial larvae grafting and a newly developed method that does not require grafting of larvae. We describe protocols for the storage and freeze-drying of royal jelly to preserve its biological properties. Routine methods for determination of two important quality criteria, water content and trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid content, are outlined. On a dry basis, protein, carbohydrate, and fatty acids were found to be the 3 most abundant components of royal jelly. Methods for their isolation, identification, and quantification are described. Because royal jelly is susceptible to contamination with veterinary drugs and acaricides, we also describe methods for detection and quantification of some veterinary drugs and acaricides in royal jelly. |
Pažitný, J; Kobza, M; Adamčíková, K Variance in leaf spot susceptibility in chestnut trees of different species and hybrids Journal Article Journal of Plant Disease and Protection, 126 (2), pp. 169-172, 2019, ISSN: 1861-3829. @article{Pažitný2019, title = {Variance in leaf spot susceptibility in chestnut trees of different species and hybrids}, author = {J. Pažitný and M. Kobza and K. Adamčíková}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41348-019-00209-9}, doi = {DOI 10.1007/s41348-019-00209-9}, issn = {1861-3829}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-19}, journal = {Journal of Plant Disease and Protection}, volume = {126}, number = {2}, pages = {169-172}, abstract = {Prior to the first occurrence of chestnut blight in 1976, leaf spot caused by Cylindrosporium castaneae was one of the most important diseases of European chestnut trees in Slovakia. In 2011, extensive damage of leaves by leaf spot was recorded in young chestnut trees in an experimental chestnut orchard in Pribelce, Slovakia, where seedlings and grafts of different taxonomic origin (Castanea sativa, Castanea crenata, and C. sativa × C. crenata) exhibited visible differences in the extent of leaf spot. Digital images of particular leaves were evaluated using Quick Micro Photo software and the ratio of infected leaf area was calculated. Morphological observations of the fungal species causing leaf spot were conducted and the disease symptoms were described and discussed. Taxonomic origin of studied trees showed a significant effect on the proportion of leaf spot area, indicating that the response to fungal attacks has a strong genetic determinism, with resistance being clearly influenced by taxonomic origin. The lowest leaf spot infection was recorded in C. crenata seedlings. Significant differences were noted between the individual trees tested and between the studied years.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Prior to the first occurrence of chestnut blight in 1976, leaf spot caused by Cylindrosporium castaneae was one of the most important diseases of European chestnut trees in Slovakia. In 2011, extensive damage of leaves by leaf spot was recorded in young chestnut trees in an experimental chestnut orchard in Pribelce, Slovakia, where seedlings and grafts of different taxonomic origin (Castanea sativa, Castanea crenata, and C. sativa × C. crenata) exhibited visible differences in the extent of leaf spot. Digital images of particular leaves were evaluated using Quick Micro Photo software and the ratio of infected leaf area was calculated. Morphological observations of the fungal species causing leaf spot were conducted and the disease symptoms were described and discussed. Taxonomic origin of studied trees showed a significant effect on the proportion of leaf spot area, indicating that the response to fungal attacks has a strong genetic determinism, with resistance being clearly influenced by taxonomic origin. The lowest leaf spot infection was recorded in C. crenata seedlings. Significant differences were noted between the individual trees tested and between the studied years. |
Potterf, Mária; Nikolov, Christo; Kočická, Erika; Ferenčík, Ján; Mezei, Pavel; Jakuš, Rastislav Forest Ecology and Management, 432 , pp. 489-500, 2019, ISSN: 0378-1127. @article{Potterf2019, title = {Landscape-level spread of beetle infestations from windthrown- and beetle-killed trees in the non-intervention zone of the Tatra National Park, Slovakia (Central Europe)}, author = {Mária Potterf and Christo Nikolov and Erika Kočická and Ján Ferenčík and Pavel Mezei and Rastislav Jakuš}, doi = {10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.050}, issn = {0378-1127}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-15}, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management}, volume = {432}, pages = {489-500}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Zelenka, J; Kasanický, T; Budinská, I; Naďo, L; Kaňuch, P SkyBat: a swarm robotic model inspired by fission-fusion behaviour of bats Book Chapter Aspragathos, N; Koustoumpardis, P; Moulianitis, V (Ed.): RAAD 2018, 67 , Chapter Mechanisms and Machine Science, pp. 521-528, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics, 2019, ISBN: 978-3-030-00231-2. @inbook{Zelenka2019, title = {SkyBat: a swarm robotic model inspired by fission-fusion behaviour of bats}, author = {J. Zelenka and T. Kasanický and I. Budinská and L. Naďo and P. Kaňuch}, editor = {N. Aspragathos and P. Koustoumpardis and V. Moulianitis}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00232-9_55}, isbn = {978-3-030-00231-2}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, booktitle = {RAAD 2018}, volume = {67}, pages = {521-528}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham, Switzerland}, edition = {Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics}, chapter = {Mechanisms and Machine Science}, series = {RAAD 2018}, abstract = {An agent based model - SkyBat, based on long-term observation of bats behaviour under fission-fusion dynamics, is presented in this paper. The agents cooperate while searching for specific targets of interest in an unknown area. Although the agents are autonomous, they have an ability to move from one location to another without a group leader and to react to changes in environment.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } An agent based model - SkyBat, based on long-term observation of bats behaviour under fission-fusion dynamics, is presented in this paper. The agents cooperate while searching for specific targets of interest in an unknown area. Although the agents are autonomous, they have an ability to move from one location to another without a group leader and to react to changes in environment. |
Dorková, M; Naďo, L; Jarčuška, B; Kaňuch, P Size‐dependent mating pattern in a nuptial gift‐giving insect Journal Article Ecology and Evolution, 9 (1), pp. 454-462, 2019, ISSN: 2045-7758. @article{Dorková2019, title = {Size‐dependent mating pattern in a nuptial gift‐giving insect}, author = {M. Dorková and L. Naďo and B. Jarčuška and P. Kaňuch}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/ece3.4763.pdf}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.4763}, issn = {2045-7758}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {454-462}, abstract = {The reproductive interests of females and males often diverge in terms of the number of mating partners, an individual’s phenotype, origin, genes, and parental investment. This conflict may lead to a variety of sex‐specific adaptations and also affect mate choice in both sexes. We conducted an experiment with the bush‐cricket Pholidoptera griseoaptera (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), a species in which females receive direct nutritional benefits during mating. Mated individuals could be assigned due to the genotype of male spermatodoses, which are stored in the female’s spermatheca. After 3 weeks of possible copulations in established mating groups which were random replications with four females and males we did not find consistent assortative mating preference regarding to body size of mates. However, our results showed that the frequency of within‐pair copulations (192 analyzed mating events in 128 possible pairwise combinations) was positively associated with the body size of both mated individuals with significant interaction between sexes (having one mate very large, association between body size and the number of copulations has weaken). Larger individuals also showed a higher degree of polygamy. This suggests that body size of this nuptial gift‐giving insect species is an important sexual trait according to which both sexes choose their optimal mating partner.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The reproductive interests of females and males often diverge in terms of the number of mating partners, an individual’s phenotype, origin, genes, and parental investment. This conflict may lead to a variety of sex‐specific adaptations and also affect mate choice in both sexes. We conducted an experiment with the bush‐cricket Pholidoptera griseoaptera (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), a species in which females receive direct nutritional benefits during mating. Mated individuals could be assigned due to the genotype of male spermatodoses, which are stored in the female’s spermatheca. After 3 weeks of possible copulations in established mating groups which were random replications with four females and males we did not find consistent assortative mating preference regarding to body size of mates. However, our results showed that the frequency of within‐pair copulations (192 analyzed mating events in 128 possible pairwise combinations) was positively associated with the body size of both mated individuals with significant interaction between sexes (having one mate very large, association between body size and the number of copulations has weaken). Larger individuals also showed a higher degree of polygamy. This suggests that body size of this nuptial gift‐giving insect species is an important sexual trait according to which both sexes choose their optimal mating partner. |
Gajdoš, Peter; Černecká, Ľudmila; Šestáková, Anna Pannonic salt marshes revealed six new spiders to Slovakia (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Theridiidae). Journal Article Biológia, 74 (1), pp. 53-64, 2019. @article{Gajdoš2019, title = {Pannonic salt marshes revealed six new spiders to Slovakia (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Theridiidae). }, author = {Peter Gajdoš and Ľudmila Černecká and Anna Šestáková}, doi = { DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0145-z}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Biológia}, volume = {74}, number = {1}, pages = {53-64}, abstract = {Inland salt marshes and salt steppes are among the most endangered types of habitats listed in the Habitats Directive. The understanding of this fauna is poor although many rare species live here. From 2016 to 2018 we studied the spider communities of five salt marsh localities in the Slovak part of the Pannonian region belonging to Natura 2000 sites. The research revealed six very rare species: Gnaphosa rufula, Zelotes tenuis, Metopobactrus deserticola, Tallusia vindobonensis, Pardosa maisa and Theridion uhligi, all recorded for the first time in Slovakia. Their characteristic features, photos of habitus and genitalia, notes on their phenology, habitat, an overview of the presently known distribution, and the dominant species of spider assemblages are presented.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Inland salt marshes and salt steppes are among the most endangered types of habitats listed in the Habitats Directive. The understanding of this fauna is poor although many rare species live here. From 2016 to 2018 we studied the spider communities of five salt marsh localities in the Slovak part of the Pannonian region belonging to Natura 2000 sites. The research revealed six very rare species: Gnaphosa rufula, Zelotes tenuis, Metopobactrus deserticola, Tallusia vindobonensis, Pardosa maisa and Theridion uhligi, all recorded for the first time in Slovakia. Their characteristic features, photos of habitus and genitalia, notes on their phenology, habitat, an overview of the presently known distribution, and the dominant species of spider assemblages are presented. |
Galko, J; Dzurenko, M; Ranger, C M; Kulfan, J; Kula, E; Nikolov, C; Zúbrik, M; Zach, P Forests, 10 (1), 2019. @article{Galko2019, title = {Distribution, Habitat Preference, and Management of the Invasive Ambrosia Beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in European Forests with an Emphasis on the West Carpathians}, author = {J. Galko and M. Dzurenko and C.M. Ranger and J. Kulfan and E. Kula and C. Nikolov and M. Zúbrik and P. Zach }, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/f10010010}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Forests}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Friess, N; Müller, J C; Abrego, N; Aramendi, P; Bässler, C; Bouget, Ch.; Brin, A; Bussler, H; Georgiev, K; Gil, R; Gossner, M M; Heilmann-Clausen, J; Isaacson, G; Krištín, A; Lachat, T; Larrieu, L; Los, S; Magnanou, E; Maringer, A; Mergner, U; Mikolas, M; Opgenoorth, L; Schmidl, J; Svoboda, M; Thorn, S; Vrezec, A; Vanderkhoven, K; Winter, B; Wagner, T; Zapponi, L; Brandl, R; Seibold, S The species-rich arthropod communities in fungal fruitbodies are weakly structured by climate and biogeography across European beech forests Journal Article Diversity and Distributions, 2019. @article{Friess2018, title = {The species-rich arthropod communities in fungal fruitbodies are weakly structured by climate and biogeography across European beech forests}, author = {N. Friess and J.C. Müller and N. Abrego and P. Aramendi and C. Bässler and Ch. Bouget and A. Brin and H. Bussler and K. Georgiev and R. Gil and M.M. Gossner and J. Heilmann-Clausen and G. Isaacson and A. Krištín and T. Lachat and L. Larrieu and S. Los and E. Magnanou and A. Maringer and U. Mergner and M. Mikolas and L. Opgenoorth and J. Schmidl and M. Svoboda and S. Thorn and A. Vrezec and K. Vanderkhoven and B. Winter and T. Wagner and L. Zapponi and R. Brandl and S. Seibold}, doi = {10.1111/ddi.12882}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Diversity and Distributions}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Dobrovodská, Marta; Kanka, Róbert; David, Stanislav; Kollár, Jozef; Špulerová, Jana; Štefunková, Dagmar; Mojses, Matej; Petrovič, František; Krištín, Anton; Stašiov, Slavomír; Halada, Ľuboš; Gajdoš, Peter Assessment of the biocultural value of traditional agricultural landscape on a plot‐by‐plot level: case studies from Slovakia Journal Article Biodiversity and Conservation, 28 , pp. 2615–2645, 2019. @article{Dobrovodská2019, title = {Assessment of the biocultural value of traditional agricultural landscape on a plot‐by‐plot level: case studies from Slovakia}, author = {Marta Dobrovodská and Róbert Kanka and Stanislav David and Jozef Kollár and Jana Špulerová and Dagmar Štefunková and Matej Mojses and František Petrovič and Anton Krištín and Slavomír Stašiov and Ľuboš Halada and Peter Gajdoš}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-019-01784-x}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation}, volume = {28}, pages = {2615–2645}, abstract = {In the past, historical rural Europe possessed a broad range of biological and cultural values due to landscape diversity and the use of low-impact agricultural practices. It’s typical feature was the presence of varied semi-natural habitats. The massive socioeconomic changes of the 20th caused significant loss of these habitats. The term traditional agricultural landscape (TAL) denotes the surviving remnants of this landscape heritage. Despite its exceptional value, conservation practice for TAL is very poor. The concept of “biocul- tural diversity” provides linkages between cultural and biological diversity and opens up new possibilities for practical conservation of TAL. In our work we have tried to develop and apply this concept. The main goal was to design an approach for assessment of bio- cultural value at plot level and apply it to the three different traditional rural landscapes in Slovakia—Liptovská Teplička village, Hriňová town and Svätý Jur town, representing the most typical TAL in Slovakia. The approach was based on determination of a meas- urable link between ecological and cultural–historical significance. The concept of ecological significance, assessed by comparing the results of the monitoring and evaluation of taxonomic diversity and nature conservation value of vascular plant communities and selected ground-dwelling invertebrate groups (Araneae, Diplopoda, Orthoptera), was complemented by evaluation of cultural–historical significance, leading to the identification of biocultural values in TAL. These evaluations were performed on productive plots of arable lands, grasslands, vineyards, and orchards, and unproductive agrarian landforms (mostly field margins) such as terraced slopes, terraced steps, heaps, mounds and unconsolidated walls.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In the past, historical rural Europe possessed a broad range of biological and cultural values due to landscape diversity and the use of low-impact agricultural practices. It’s typical feature was the presence of varied semi-natural habitats. The massive socioeconomic changes of the 20th caused significant loss of these habitats. The term traditional agricultural landscape (TAL) denotes the surviving remnants of this landscape heritage. Despite its exceptional value, conservation practice for TAL is very poor. The concept of “biocul- tural diversity” provides linkages between cultural and biological diversity and opens up new possibilities for practical conservation of TAL. In our work we have tried to develop and apply this concept. The main goal was to design an approach for assessment of bio- cultural value at plot level and apply it to the three different traditional rural landscapes in Slovakia—Liptovská Teplička village, Hriňová town and Svätý Jur town, representing the most typical TAL in Slovakia. The approach was based on determination of a meas- urable link between ecological and cultural–historical significance. The concept of ecological significance, assessed by comparing the results of the monitoring and evaluation of taxonomic diversity and nature conservation value of vascular plant communities and selected ground-dwelling invertebrate groups (Araneae, Diplopoda, Orthoptera), was complemented by evaluation of cultural–historical significance, leading to the identification of biocultural values in TAL. These evaluations were performed on productive plots of arable lands, grasslands, vineyards, and orchards, and unproductive agrarian landforms (mostly field margins) such as terraced slopes, terraced steps, heaps, mounds and unconsolidated walls. |
Kuklová, Margita; Hniličková, Helena; Ivica, Pivková; Kukla, Ján Impact of expressway on physiology of plants and accumulation of risk elements in forest ecosystems Journal Article Plant, Soil and Environment, 65 (1), pp. 46-53, 2019. @article{Kuklová2019, title = {Impact of expressway on physiology of plants and accumulation of risk elements in forest ecosystems}, author = {Margita Kuklová and Helena Hniličková and Pivková Ivica and Ján Kukla}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Plant, Soil and Environment}, volume = {65}, number = {1}, pages = {46-53}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Kuklová, Margita; Pivková, Ivica; Hniličková, Helena; Kukla, Ján The impact of highway motor vehicle traffic on energy stores Journal Article Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 103 (4), pp. 604-609, 2019. @article{Kuklová2019b, title = {The impact of highway motor vehicle traffic on energy stores}, author = {Margita Kuklová and Ivica Pivková and Helena Hniličková and Ján Kukla}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology}, volume = {103}, number = {4}, pages = {604-609}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Krištín, Anton; Jarčuška, Benjamín; Dorková, Martina; Kaňuch, Peter First record of Pholidoptera transsylvanica (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) in Poland Journal Article Entomological News, 128 (4), pp. 377, 2019. @article{Krištín2019, title = {First record of Pholidoptera transsylvanica (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) in Poland}, author = {Anton Krištín and Benjamín Jarčuška and Martina Dorková and Peter Kaňuch}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Entomological News}, volume = {128}, number = {4}, pages = {377}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Krištín, Anton; Heller, Klaus-Gerhard; Zemko, Milan; Rakotondranary, Jacques; Jarčuška, Benjamín Assemblages of orthopteroid insects along environmental gradients in central and southern Madagascar Journal Article Journal of Orthoptera Research, 28 (2), pp. 155-166, 2019. @article{Krištín2019b, title = {Assemblages of orthopteroid insects along environmental gradients in central and southern Madagascar}, author = {Anton Krištín and Klaus-Gerhard Heller and Milan Zemko and Jacques Rakotondranary and Benjamín Jarčuška}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Orthoptera Research}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {155-166}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Vétek, Gábor; Zach, Peter; Matošević, Dinka; Tuba, Katalin; Lakatos, Ferenc; Kulfan, Jan; Csóka, György; Gomboc, Stanislav; Nagy, Sándor; Glavendekić, Milka; Avtzis, Dimitrios N; de Groot, Maarten; Szőcs, Levente; Papazova-Anakieva, Irena; Nacheski, Sterja; Hrnčić, Snježana; Radonjić, Sanja; Fekete, Veronika Invasion by the box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), in southeastern Europe Incollection Invasive dendrophilous organisms: challenges and protection operations: Collective monograph, pp. 17-28, Pushkino , 2019, ISBN: 978–5–94219–250–1. @incollection{Vétek2019, title = {Invasion by the box tree moth, \textit{Cydalima perspectalis} (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), in southeastern Europe}, author = {Gábor Vétek and Peter Zach and Dinka Matošević and Katalin Tuba and Ferenc Lakatos and Jan Kulfan and György Csóka and Stanislav Gomboc and Sándor Nagy and Milka Glavendekić and Dimitrios N. Avtzis and Maarten de Groot and Levente Szőcs and Irena Papazova-Anakieva and Sterja Nacheski and Snježana Hrnčić and Sanja Radonjić and Veronika Fekete}, isbn = {978–5–94219–250–1}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, booktitle = {Invasive dendrophilous organisms: challenges and protection operations: Collective monograph}, pages = {17-28}, publisher = {Pushkino }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {incollection} } |
Černecký, Ján; Gajdoš, Peter; Špulerová, Jana; Halada, Ľuboš; Mederly, Peter; Ulrych, Libor; Ďuricová, Viktória; Švajda, Juraj; Černecká, Ľudmila; Andráš, Peter; Rybanič, Rastislav Ecosystems in Slovakia Journal Article Journal of Maps, 16 (2), pp. 28-35, 2019. @article{Černecký2019, title = {Ecosystems in Slovakia}, author = {Ján Černecký and Peter Gajdoš and Jana Špulerová and Ľuboš Halada and Peter Mederly and Libor Ulrych and Viktória Ďuricová and Juraj Švajda and Ľudmila Černecká and Peter Andráš and Rastislav Rybanič}, doi = {10.1080/17445647.2019.1689858}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Maps}, volume = {16}, number = {2}, pages = {28-35}, abstract = {The authors have prepared a detailed map of Slovakia’s ecosystems, which identifies individual ecosystems and their spatial distribution, status, and selected properties. The impetus for the production of this map is the need of various stakeholders, especially nature protection bodies, forestry management, agricultural management and public administration, for better data on the distribution of ecosystems. The methodology mostly involves using GIS analytical tools to combine datasets on nature protection, forestry, and agriculture which list attributes related to habitat identification. The results can be used for ecosystem services assessment, spatial planning, nature protection analysis, and other related purposes. The spatial precision of the data is determined by that of the field data, which was mostly created at scales between 1:10000 and 1:5000. The data are stored in the form of a geodatabase containing more than 1,000,000 polygons.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The authors have prepared a detailed map of Slovakia’s ecosystems, which identifies individual ecosystems and their spatial distribution, status, and selected properties. The impetus for the production of this map is the need of various stakeholders, especially nature protection bodies, forestry management, agricultural management and public administration, for better data on the distribution of ecosystems. The methodology mostly involves using GIS analytical tools to combine datasets on nature protection, forestry, and agriculture which list attributes related to habitat identification. The results can be used for ecosystem services assessment, spatial planning, nature protection analysis, and other related purposes. The spatial precision of the data is determined by that of the field data, which was mostly created at scales between 1:10000 and 1:5000. The data are stored in the form of a geodatabase containing more than 1,000,000 polygons. |
Kluvánková-Oravská, Tatiana; Brnkaľáková, Stanislava; Gežík, Veronika; Maco, Michal Ecosystem services as commons? Book Chapter pp. 208-219, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, 2019, ISBN: 978-1-138-06090-6. @inbook{Kluvánková-Oravská2019, title = {Ecosystem services as commons?}, author = {Tatiana Kluvánková-Oravská and Stanislava Brnkaľáková and Veronika Gežík and Michal Maco}, doi = {10.4324/9781315162782}, isbn = {978-1-138-06090-6}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, pages = {208-219}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {Abingdon, Oxon; New York}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
Bičárová, Svetlana; Sitková, Zuzana; Pavlendová, Hana; Jr., Peter Fleischer; Sr., Peter Fleischer; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej The role of environmental factors in ozone uptake of Pinus mugo Turra Journal Article Atmospheric Pollution Research, 10 (1), pp. 283-293, 2019, ISSN: 1309-1042. @article{Bičárová2019, title = {The role of environmental factors in ozone uptake of \textit{Pinus mugo} Turra}, author = {Svetlana Bičárová and Zuzana Sitková and Hana Pavlendová and Peter Fleischer Jr. and Peter Fleischer Sr. and Andrzej Bytnerowicz}, doi = {10.1016/j.apr.2018.08.003}, issn = {1309-1042}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Atmospheric Pollution Research}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {283-293}, abstract = {Montane forests in the High Tatra Mountains are exposed to high ambient ozone (O3) concentrations that may adversely affect the physiological processes and health of plants. This study presents the modelled results of the phytotoxic ozone dose (POD) for dwarf mountain pine (P. mugo) in 2016. POD metrics were calculated using the deposition model DO3SE, with O3 concentration and meteorological data measured in three altitudinal zones. In addition, maximal stomatal conductance (Gmax) derived from gasometric field measurement in local conditions was included in the model. Field measurements confirmed the robust performance of the DO3SE model for stomatal conductance (Gsto). The site-specific stomatal conductance response model was largely congruent with average values estimated by DO3SE, though differences in temporal Gsto distribution were observed. We determined a moderate limitation of O3 uptake due to environmental factors (fENVI) such as air temperature and relative humidity, solar radiation, and soil water availability. It appears that Gmax is more relevant for annual POD than fENVI in the temperate mountain forest. The results indicate a high level of POD and O3 uptake by P. mugo in the High Tatra Mountains, which corresponds with the O3-induced visible injury symptoms observed. We also identified visible O3 injury in P. mugo needles, which was more prevalent among the two-year old needles than younger individuals.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Montane forests in the High Tatra Mountains are exposed to high ambient ozone (O3) concentrations that may adversely affect the physiological processes and health of plants. This study presents the modelled results of the phytotoxic ozone dose (POD) for dwarf mountain pine (P. mugo) in 2016. POD metrics were calculated using the deposition model DO3SE, with O3 concentration and meteorological data measured in three altitudinal zones. In addition, maximal stomatal conductance (Gmax) derived from gasometric field measurement in local conditions was included in the model. Field measurements confirmed the robust performance of the DO3SE model for stomatal conductance (Gsto). The site-specific stomatal conductance response model was largely congruent with average values estimated by DO3SE, though differences in temporal Gsto distribution were observed. We determined a moderate limitation of O3 uptake due to environmental factors (fENVI) such as air temperature and relative humidity, solar radiation, and soil water availability. It appears that Gmax is more relevant for annual POD than fENVI in the temperate mountain forest. The results indicate a high level of POD and O3 uptake by P. mugo in the High Tatra Mountains, which corresponds with the O3-induced visible injury symptoms observed. We also identified visible O3 injury in P. mugo needles, which was more prevalent among the two-year old needles than younger individuals. |
Barna, Milan; Mihál, Ivan Bark necrotic disease in a beech thicket Journal Article Plant Protection Science, 55 (3), pp. 181-190, 2019, ISSN: 1212-2580. @article{Barna2019, title = {Bark necrotic disease in a beech thicket}, author = {Milan Barna and Ivan Mihál}, doi = {10.17221/117/2018-PPS}, issn = {1212-2580}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Plant Protection Science}, volume = {55}, number = {3}, pages = {181-190}, abstract = {Symptoms of non-specific bark necroses in beech trees of all ages have lately been described. We investigated the occurrence of bark necrotic disease in beech thicket and health status of the trees. Our objective was to examine how bark necrotic wounds persist and the regenerative potential of young beech thicket. The research experiment was carried out at two isolated localities in the Western Carpathians in the period 2015–2017. A terminal shoot (stem) and a lateral shoot (branch) of each of the 30 sampled beech trees were examined. Young beech stands were affected by the necrotic disease in 87–94% cases (stems 69–83%, branches 33–56%). Shoot diameter and age had a significantly negative linear correlation (P < 0.05) with the development of all analysed disease characteristics on the beech bark. The encouraging finding is a positive regenerative capacity of young beech trees. Over the same period more annual shoots were healed in comparison with those that were newly infected (10.8% on stems and 0.6% on branches). }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Symptoms of non-specific bark necroses in beech trees of all ages have lately been described. We investigated the occurrence of bark necrotic disease in beech thicket and health status of the trees. Our objective was to examine how bark necrotic wounds persist and the regenerative potential of young beech thicket. The research experiment was carried out at two isolated localities in the Western Carpathians in the period 2015–2017. A terminal shoot (stem) and a lateral shoot (branch) of each of the 30 sampled beech trees were examined. Young beech stands were affected by the necrotic disease in 87–94% cases (stems 69–83%, branches 33–56%). Shoot diameter and age had a significantly negative linear correlation (P < 0.05) with the development of all analysed disease characteristics on the beech bark. The encouraging finding is a positive regenerative capacity of young beech trees. Over the same period more annual shoots were healed in comparison with those that were newly infected (10.8% on stems and 0.6% on branches). |
Strizincova, Petra; Haz, Ales; Váľka, Jozef; Surina, Igor Using of spruce needle extractives as protection agent against insects attack Journal Article Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design, 28 , pp. 96-101, 2019, ISSN: 1857-8489. @article{Strizincova2019, title = {Using of spruce needle extractives as protection agent against insects attack}, author = {Petra Strizincova and Ales Haz and Jozef Váľka and Igor Surina}, issn = {1857-8489}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design}, volume = {28}, pages = {96-101}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Nusová, Gréta; Uhrin, Marcel; Kaňuch, Peter Go to the city: urban invasions of four pipistrelle bat species in eastern Slovakia Journal Article European Journal of Ecology, 5 (1), pp. 23-26, 2019, ISSN: 1339-8474. @article{Nusová2019b, title = {Go to the city: urban invasions of four pipistrelle bat species in eastern Slovakia}, author = {Gréta Nusová and Marcel Uhrin and Peter Kaňuch}, doi = {10.2478/eje-2019-0004}, issn = {1339-8474}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {European Journal of Ecology}, volume = {5}, number = {1}, pages = {23-26}, abstract = {Until now, late summer or autumn invasions into inhabited building have been regarded as phenomenon typical for the common pipistrelle, pipistrellus pipistrellus , exclusively. During the investigation of this phenomenon in the city of Košice (eastern Slovakia), we discovered that it was not always entirely specific for this species. During the period 2016–2018, we recorded 3 events out of 35 invasions, where small groups of common pipistrelles that invaded into inhabited buildings were also accompanied by individuals of two con-generic bat species, pipistrellus pygmaeus and pipistrellus kuhlii . Cryptic species p. pipistrellus and p. pygmaeus were determined by genetic test. In addition, in 2019, we recorded the first winter occurrence of another pipistrelle species, pipistrellus nathusii , in this urban environment. We conclude that areas of frequent invasive behaviour of p. pipistrellus may be sometimes associated with concomitant occurrence of other related species that share common thermal or foraging niche and such behaviour could be evidence of their urbanisation tendencies.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Until now, late summer or autumn invasions into inhabited building have been regarded as phenomenon typical for the common pipistrelle, pipistrellus pipistrellus , exclusively. During the investigation of this phenomenon in the city of Košice (eastern Slovakia), we discovered that it was not always entirely specific for this species. During the period 2016–2018, we recorded 3 events out of 35 invasions, where small groups of common pipistrelles that invaded into inhabited buildings were also accompanied by individuals of two con-generic bat species, pipistrellus pygmaeus and pipistrellus kuhlii . Cryptic species p. pipistrellus and p. pygmaeus were determined by genetic test. In addition, in 2019, we recorded the first winter occurrence of another pipistrelle species, pipistrellus nathusii , in this urban environment. We conclude that areas of frequent invasive behaviour of p. pipistrellus may be sometimes associated with concomitant occurrence of other related species that share common thermal or foraging niche and such behaviour could be evidence of their urbanisation tendencies. |
Petráš, Rudolf; Mecko, Julian; Kukla, Ján; Kuklová, Margita Spalné teplo základných frakcií nadzemnej biomasy smreka (Picea abies L. KARST.) [Calorific value of basic fractions of above-ground biomass for Norway spruce (Picea abies L. KARST.)] Journal Article Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 64 (4), pp. 224-230, 2019, ISSN: 0322-9688. @article{Petráš2019, title = {Spalné teplo základných frakcií nadzemnej biomasy smreka (\textit{Picea abies} L. KARST.) [Calorific value of basic fractions of above-ground biomass for Norway spruce (\textit{Picea abies} L. KARST.)]}, author = {Rudolf Petráš and Julian Mecko and Ján Kukla and Margita Kuklová}, issn = {0322-9688}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Zprávy lesnického výzkumu}, volume = {64}, number = {4}, pages = {224-230}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Kačániová, Miroslava; Terentjeva, Margarita; Klūga, Alīna; Březinová, Monika; Horáková, Miriam Kádasi Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry based identification of the fish gut microbiota Journal Article Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 9 (1), pp. 151-155, 2019, ISSN: 1338-5178. @article{Kačániová2019, title = {Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry based identification of the fish gut microbiota}, author = {Miroslava Kačániová and Margarita Terentjeva and Alīna Klūga and Monika Březinová and Miriam Kádasi Horáková}, doi = {10.15414/jmbfs.2019.9.1.151-155}, issn = {1338-5178}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, pages = {151-155}, abstract = {The aim of the study was to investigate the composition of intestinal microflora of freshwater fish in Latvia. A total amount of 28 fish were collected from fishermen (n=20) and retail outlets (n=8), including roach Rutilus rutilus, n=15, crucian carp Carassius carassius, n=5, perch Perca fluvialitis, n=5, bream Blicca bjoerkna, n=3. Microbiological testing consisted of the detection of total viable count (TPC), Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms with subsequent identification with MALDI-TOF Biotyper. TPC, coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae counts ranged from 2.7±0.4 to 5.4±0.3, 2.4±1.5 to 3.7±0.7 and 2.00±1.2 to 3.7±2.5 log cfu/g in gut of wild crucian carp and retailed roach, wild perch and retailed roach, and crucian carp and bream, accordingly. The TPC, coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae counts were significantly higher in retailed fish than in wild fish gut samples (P≤0.05). Gut microbiota were represented by Proteobacteria (93.0%), Firmicutes (3.9%) and Ascomycota (3.1%). The most abundant families were Enterobacteriacea (50.8%) and Pseudomonadaceae (36.7%). Rahnella aquatilis, Serratia fonticola and Pantoe aagglomerans were the most abundant among Enterobacteriaceae while Pseudomonas extremorientalis and P. fragi among the Pseudomonadaceae. Results of the present study show that the gut of freshwater fish were mostly represented by Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae and the presence of fish bacterial pathogens must be considered.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The aim of the study was to investigate the composition of intestinal microflora of freshwater fish in Latvia. A total amount of 28 fish were collected from fishermen (n=20) and retail outlets (n=8), including roach Rutilus rutilus, n=15, crucian carp Carassius carassius, n=5, perch Perca fluvialitis, n=5, bream Blicca bjoerkna, n=3. Microbiological testing consisted of the detection of total viable count (TPC), Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms with subsequent identification with MALDI-TOF Biotyper. TPC, coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae counts ranged from 2.7±0.4 to 5.4±0.3, 2.4±1.5 to 3.7±0.7 and 2.00±1.2 to 3.7±2.5 log cfu/g in gut of wild crucian carp and retailed roach, wild perch and retailed roach, and crucian carp and bream, accordingly. The TPC, coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae counts were significantly higher in retailed fish than in wild fish gut samples (P≤0.05). Gut microbiota were represented by Proteobacteria (93.0%), Firmicutes (3.9%) and Ascomycota (3.1%). The most abundant families were Enterobacteriacea (50.8%) and Pseudomonadaceae (36.7%). Rahnella aquatilis, Serratia fonticola and Pantoe aagglomerans were the most abundant among Enterobacteriaceae while Pseudomonas extremorientalis and P. fragi among the Pseudomonadaceae. Results of the present study show that the gut of freshwater fish were mostly represented by Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae and the presence of fish bacterial pathogens must be considered. |
Mojžiš, Marian; Jarčuška, Benjamín K hniezdnemu výskytu kôrovníka krátkoprstého (Certhia brachydactyla) v lesoch západnej časti Cerovej vrchoviny (južné Slovensko) Journal Article Tichodroma : ornitologický časopis, 31 , pp. 1-10, 2019, ISSN: 1337-026X. @article{Mojžiš2019, title = {K hniezdnemu výskytu kôrovníka krátkoprstého (\textit{Certhia brachydactyla}) v lesoch západnej časti Cerovej vrchoviny (južné Slovensko)}, author = {Marian Mojžiš and Benjamín Jarčuška}, issn = {1337-026X}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Tichodroma : ornitologický časopis}, volume = {31}, pages = {1-10}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Saniga, Miroslav Prechádzky slovenskou prírodou Book AlleGro Plus, 2019, ISBN: 978-80-973087-9-7. @book{Saniga2019, title = {Prechádzky slovenskou prírodou}, author = {Miroslav Saniga}, isbn = {978-80-973087-9-7}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, publisher = {AlleGro Plus}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } |
2018 |
Brindza, J; Motyleva, S; Ostrovský, R; Grygorieva, O V; Adamchuk, L; Horčinová-Sedláčková, V; Juríková, T; Fatrcová-Šramková, K; Schwarzová, M; Brovarskyi, V; Velichko, S; Tkachenko, O Peľ a včelie peľové obnôžky z niektorých druhov rastlín Book Chapter Brindza, J; Motyleva, S (Ed.): Chapter 4, pp. 147, Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, FarmersEduca, 2018, ISBN: 978-80-552-1862-5. @inbook{Brindza2018, title = {Peľ a včelie peľové obnôžky z niektorých druhov rastlín}, author = {J. Brindza and S. Motyleva and R. Ostrovský and O.V. Grygorieva and L. Adamchuk and V. Horčinová-Sedláčková and T. Juríková and K. Fatrcová-Šramková and M. Schwarzová and V. Brovarskyi and S. Velichko and O. Tkachenko}, editor = {J. Brindza and S. Motyleva}, isbn = {978-80-552-1862-5}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-17}, pages = {147}, publisher = {Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre}, address = {Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra}, edition = {FarmersEduca}, chapter = {4}, abstract = {Odborná publikácia, v ktorej autori prezentujú niektoré rastlinné druhy, z ktorých včely zbierajú peľové zrná a využívajú ich na formovanie obnôžok. Publikácia poskytuje základné informácie o peli a včelích peľových obnôžkach s prezentáciou na skupine charakterizovaných druhov. Je určená pre malých, mladých a rodinných farmárov, včelárov, pestovateľov rastlín, množiteľov a spravovateľov. Uvedená kapitola predstavuje dominantnú časť publikácie. V kapitole je prezentovaná morfometrická charakteristika peľových zŕn a včelích peľových obnôžok vybranej skupiny 26 rastlinných druhov.}, type = {inbook}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } Odborná publikácia, v ktorej autori prezentujú niektoré rastlinné druhy, z ktorých včely zbierajú peľové zrná a využívajú ich na formovanie obnôžok. Publikácia poskytuje základné informácie o peli a včelích peľových obnôžkach s prezentáciou na skupine charakterizovaných druhov. Je určená pre malých, mladých a rodinných farmárov, včelárov, pestovateľov rastlín, množiteľov a spravovateľov. Uvedená kapitola predstavuje dominantnú časť publikácie. V kapitole je prezentovaná morfometrická charakteristika peľových zŕn a včelích peľových obnôžok vybranej skupiny 26 rastlinných druhov. |
Kurjak, Daniel; Konôpková, Alena; Kmeť, Jaroslav; Macková, Miroslava; Frýdl, Josef; Živčák, Marek; Palmroth, Sari; Ditmarová, Ľubica; Gömöry, Dušan European Journal of Forest Research, 138 (1), pp. 79-92, 2018, ISSN: 1612-4669. @article{Kurjak2018, title = {Variation in the performance and thermostability of photosystem II in European beech (\textit{Fagus sylvatica} L.) provenances is influenced more by acclimation than by adaptation}, author = {Daniel Kurjak and Alena Konôpková and Jaroslav Kmeť and Miroslava Macková and Josef Frýdl and Marek Živčák and Sari Palmroth and Ľubica Ditmarová and Dušan Gömöry}, doi = {10.1007/s10342-018-1155-7}, issn = {1612-4669}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-08}, journal = {European Journal of Forest Research}, volume = {138}, number = {1}, pages = {79-92}, abstract = {The assisted migration of resistant seeds and seedlings may be a key to mitigating the effects of climate change on the productivity and composition of forest ecosystems. These efforts require an understanding of the intraspecific variability in the response of trees to extreme weather events such as heat waves. In this study, we assessed the geographical patterns of photosystem II (PSII) performance and thermostability in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and whether intraspecific differences are associated with climate of origin. Two provenance trials with starkly contrasting climates were used for this study. Leaves were sampled both before and after natural heat stress exposure. Rapid chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics was used to evaluate PSII performance and PSII thermostability after simulated heat stress. The performance of PSII at 30 °C, which is still considered a non-damaging temperature, was generally slightly better at the warmer location than at the colder location. The populations originating closer to the Slovenian refugium, as well as those growing closer to their site of origin, showed better performance of PSII but not greater thermostability. The effect of simulated heat stress was much stronger in the colder plots compared to the warmer plots, but only for previously stressed trees. Likewise, we found indicators of geographical patterns of thermotolerance as well as relationships between thermotolerance and climate of origin mostly for trees exposed to natural heat. While the origin of provenances partly explained the variation among provenances, acclimation driven by climate played a major role in the response to heat stress. In beech, PSII seems to have a potential for coping with high temperature.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The assisted migration of resistant seeds and seedlings may be a key to mitigating the effects of climate change on the productivity and composition of forest ecosystems. These efforts require an understanding of the intraspecific variability in the response of trees to extreme weather events such as heat waves. In this study, we assessed the geographical patterns of photosystem II (PSII) performance and thermostability in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and whether intraspecific differences are associated with climate of origin. Two provenance trials with starkly contrasting climates were used for this study. Leaves were sampled both before and after natural heat stress exposure. Rapid chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics was used to evaluate PSII performance and PSII thermostability after simulated heat stress. The performance of PSII at 30 °C, which is still considered a non-damaging temperature, was generally slightly better at the warmer location than at the colder location. The populations originating closer to the Slovenian refugium, as well as those growing closer to their site of origin, showed better performance of PSII but not greater thermostability. The effect of simulated heat stress was much stronger in the colder plots compared to the warmer plots, but only for previously stressed trees. Likewise, we found indicators of geographical patterns of thermotolerance as well as relationships between thermotolerance and climate of origin mostly for trees exposed to natural heat. While the origin of provenances partly explained the variation among provenances, acclimation driven by climate played a major role in the response to heat stress. In beech, PSII seems to have a potential for coping with high temperature. |
Kluvánková, Tatiana; Brnkaľáková, Stanislava; Špaček, Martin; Slee, Bill; Nijnik, Maria; Valero, Diana; Miller, David; Bryce, Rosalind; Kozová, Mária; Polman, Nico; Szabo, Tomáš; Gežíka, Veronika (Ed.) Understanding social innovation for the well-being of forest-dependent communities: A preliminary theoretical framework Journal Article Forest Policy and Economics, 97 , pp. 163-174, 2018, ISSN: 1389-9341. @article{Kluvánková2018, title = {Understanding social innovation for the well-being of forest-dependent communities: A preliminary theoretical framework}, editor = {Tatiana Kluvánková and Stanislava Brnkaľáková and Martin Špaček and Bill Slee and Maria Nijnik and Diana Valero and David Miller and Rosalind Bryce and Mária Kozová and Nico Polman and Tomáš Szabo and Veronika Gežíka}, doi = {10.1016/j.forpol.2018.09.016}, issn = {1389-9341}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-01}, journal = {Forest Policy and Economics}, volume = {97}, pages = {163-174}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Bolvanský, M; Pažitný, J; Adamčíková, K Grading of blight resistance in different chestnut accessions. Journal Article Acta Horticulturae, 1220 , pp. 87-94, 2018, ISSN: 05677572. @article{M.2018, title = {Grading of blight resistance in different chestnut accessions.}, author = {M. Bolvanský and J. Pažitný and K. Adamčíková}, url = {https://www.actahort.org/members/showpdf?booknrarnr=1220_13}, doi = {10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1220.13}, issn = {05677572}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-11-01}, journal = {Acta Horticulturae}, volume = {1220}, pages = {87-94}, abstract = {Five chestnut trees (three hybrids Castanea sativa × C. crenata, one C. sativa and one C. crenata) with different levels of blight resistance were subjected to the screening by two virulent and one hypovirulent strains of Cryphonectria parasitica in order to examine reliability of ex situ tests for grading of blight resistance in chestnut. Branches 2-3 cm in diameter were harvested from the trees, in early April and end of September and stored at about 10°C for either 2 weeks (for branch sections) or 4 weeks (for bark- and wood-tissue sections). Branch sections and bark- and wood-tissue sections were inoculated with the C. parasitica strains and incubated in the dark at 25°C with 95% humidity for 4 weeks and/or 4 days, respectively. In branch sections, superficial cankers were very rare so only occurrence of pycnidia formed around the inoculating holes were evaluated. Pycnidia occurred more frequently in branch sections collected from the less resistant accessions in October trial. The size of necrotic areas reflected the resistance ranking of accessions in April/May better than in October inoculation trials. Results of inoculations on excised wood tissue were more consistent with the real blight resistance level than data obtained from inoculations on excised bark tissue. Occasional inconsistence between results of inoculations carried out at different dates or in different trees might be caused by different physiological state of collected branches. Based on these results it can be concluded that the end of dormant period seems to be the most suitable time to carry out both pathogenicity and resistance tests in chestnuts.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Five chestnut trees (three hybrids Castanea sativa × C. crenata, one C. sativa and one C. crenata) with different levels of blight resistance were subjected to the screening by two virulent and one hypovirulent strains of Cryphonectria parasitica in order to examine reliability of ex situ tests for grading of blight resistance in chestnut. Branches 2-3 cm in diameter were harvested from the trees, in early April and end of September and stored at about 10°C for either 2 weeks (for branch sections) or 4 weeks (for bark- and wood-tissue sections). Branch sections and bark- and wood-tissue sections were inoculated with the C. parasitica strains and incubated in the dark at 25°C with 95% humidity for 4 weeks and/or 4 days, respectively. In branch sections, superficial cankers were very rare so only occurrence of pycnidia formed around the inoculating holes were evaluated. Pycnidia occurred more frequently in branch sections collected from the less resistant accessions in October trial. The size of necrotic areas reflected the resistance ranking of accessions in April/May better than in October inoculation trials. Results of inoculations on excised wood tissue were more consistent with the real blight resistance level than data obtained from inoculations on excised bark tissue. Occasional inconsistence between results of inoculations carried out at different dates or in different trees might be caused by different physiological state of collected branches. Based on these results it can be concluded that the end of dormant period seems to be the most suitable time to carry out both pathogenicity and resistance tests in chestnuts. |
Adamčíková, K; Pažitný, J; Pastirčáková, K Individual resistance of Fraxinus angustifolia and F. excelsior clones to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus Journal Article Journal of Plant Protection Research, 58 (3), pp. 227-233, 2018, ISSN: 1427-4345. @article{Adamčíková2018, title = {Individual resistance of \textit{Fraxinus angustifolia} and \textit{F. excelsior} clones to \textit{Hymenoscyphus fraxineus}}, author = {K. Adamčíková and J. Pažitný and K. Pastirčáková}, doi = {10.24425/122937}, issn = {1427-4345}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-10-22}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection Research}, volume = {58}, number = {3}, pages = {227-233}, abstract = {Ash dieback, caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is a serious disease of common and narrow-leaved ash in Europe. The resistance of individual trees seems to be important for the maintenance of ash in European forests. In this in situ wound inoculation study, the susceptibility and differences in resistance to H. fraxineus between Fraxinus excelsior and F. angustifolia clones were assessed. Neither of the tested clones revealed total resistance to ash dieback; variety between the tested clones was observed. Differences in necroses lengths were significant between clones and between two ash species. Longer necroses were formed in F. angustifolia than in F. excelsior. Some clones exhibiting some resistance to the pathogen were identified. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Ash dieback, caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is a serious disease of common and narrow-leaved ash in Europe. The resistance of individual trees seems to be important for the maintenance of ash in European forests. In this in situ wound inoculation study, the susceptibility and differences in resistance to H. fraxineus between Fraxinus excelsior and F. angustifolia clones were assessed. Neither of the tested clones revealed total resistance to ash dieback; variety between the tested clones was observed. Differences in necroses lengths were significant between clones and between two ash species. Longer necroses were formed in F. angustifolia than in F. excelsior. Some clones exhibiting some resistance to the pathogen were identified. |
Semelbauer, Marek; Mangová, Barbara; Barta, Marek; Kozánek, Milan The Factors Influencing Seasonal Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Stable Fly Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera, Muscidae) within Stables Journal Article Insects, 9 (4), 2018, ISSN: 2075-4450. @article{Semelbauer2018, title = {The Factors Influencing Seasonal Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Stable Fly \textit{Stomoxys calcitrans} (Diptera, Muscidae) within Stables}, author = {Marek Semelbauer and Barbara Mangová and Marek Barta and Milan Kozánek}, doi = {10.3390/insects9040142}, issn = {2075-4450}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-10-16}, journal = {Insects}, volume = {9}, number = {4}, abstract = {The biology of the stable fly is fairly well known, but factors influencing the distribution of adult stable flies within stables are still inadequately investigated. The four experimental stables were located in south western Slovakia. Within each stable, five sticky traps were localized along the stable, and the flies were weekly counted during the flight season of years 2015–2017. Seasonal activity and stable fly abundance in relation to temperature, rainfall, light conditions, relative air humidity, and cows per stable were evaluated. The seasonal activity of the stable fly shows one large peak at the end of summer and a second smaller peak just before the end of the flight season. The spatial distribution of stable flies was unique for each stable. All of the environmental variables had significant and mostly positive effect on stable fly abundance. The strongest and most positive effect on stable fly counts was temperature and rainfall five weeks prior to collecting session. Within the stable, cow number, air humidity, and light conditions are the strongest candidates to influence their distribution.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The biology of the stable fly is fairly well known, but factors influencing the distribution of adult stable flies within stables are still inadequately investigated. The four experimental stables were located in south western Slovakia. Within each stable, five sticky traps were localized along the stable, and the flies were weekly counted during the flight season of years 2015–2017. Seasonal activity and stable fly abundance in relation to temperature, rainfall, light conditions, relative air humidity, and cows per stable were evaluated. The seasonal activity of the stable fly shows one large peak at the end of summer and a second smaller peak just before the end of the flight season. The spatial distribution of stable flies was unique for each stable. All of the environmental variables had significant and mostly positive effect on stable fly abundance. The strongest and most positive effect on stable fly counts was temperature and rainfall five weeks prior to collecting session. Within the stable, cow number, air humidity, and light conditions are the strongest candidates to influence their distribution. |
Camacho-Tapia, M; Sánchez-Soto, V; Correia, K C; Pastirčáková, K; Tovar-Pedraza, J M Powdery mildew of California poppy caused by Erysiphe eschscholziae in Mexico Journal Article Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 40 (3), pp. 461-466, 2018, ISSN: 0706-0661 . @article{Camacho-Tapia2018, title = {Powdery mildew of California poppy caused by \textit{Erysiphe eschscholziae} in Mexico}, author = {M. Camacho-Tapia and V. Sánchez-Soto and K.C. Correia and K. Pastirčáková and J.M. Tovar-Pedraza}, doi = {10.1080/07060661.2018.1498807}, issn = {0706-0661 }, year = {2018}, date = {2018-10-02}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology}, volume = {40}, number = {3}, pages = {461-466}, abstract = {Severe infection by powdery mildew was observed on California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) plants in Texcoco, State of Mexico, during spring of 2014 to 2017. Symptoms included colonies of white to greyish mildew-like growth on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the leaves. The identification of the fungal species was performed by examination of morphological structures using light microscopy and scanning electronmicroscope (SEM), as well as sequence analysis of the 5ʹ-end of 28S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. Using the combination of morphological characterization and a phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference, the fungal agent was identified as Erysiphe eschscholziae. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on leaves of California poppy plants, and Koch’s postulates were fulfilled. This is the first report of E. eschscholziae causing powdery mildew on Eschscholzia californica in Mexico.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Severe infection by powdery mildew was observed on California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) plants in Texcoco, State of Mexico, during spring of 2014 to 2017. Symptoms included colonies of white to greyish mildew-like growth on the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the leaves. The identification of the fungal species was performed by examination of morphological structures using light microscopy and scanning electronmicroscope (SEM), as well as sequence analysis of the 5ʹ-end of 28S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. Using the combination of morphological characterization and a phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference, the fungal agent was identified as Erysiphe eschscholziae. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on leaves of California poppy plants, and Koch’s postulates were fulfilled. This is the first report of E. eschscholziae causing powdery mildew on Eschscholzia californica in Mexico. |
Pastirčáková, K; Adamčíková, K; Pastirčák, M; Zach, P; Galko, J; Kováč, M; Laco, J Two blue-stain fungi colonizing Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees infested by bark beetles in Slovakia, Central Europe Journal Article Biologia, 73 (11), pp. 1053-1066, 2018, ISSN: 0006-3088. @article{Pastirčáková2018c, title = {Two blue-stain fungi colonizing Scots pine (\textit{Pinus sylvestris}) trees infested by bark beetles in Slovakia, Central Europe}, author = {K. Pastirčáková and K. Adamčíková and M. Pastirčák and P. Zach and J. Galko and M. Kováč and J. Laco}, doi = {10.2478/s11756-018-0114-6}, issn = {0006-3088}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-09-17}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {73}, number = {11}, pages = {1053-1066}, abstract = {Excessive mortality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees has recently been observed in the Záhorská nížina lowland in western Slovakia, Central Europe. Continuous drought, bark beetles and blue-stain fungi are likely to play a crucial role in this dieback of pines in a warm sandy area. Two blue-stain fungi, Ophiostoma ips and Ophiostoma minus, were found here on Scots pine trunks infested by bark beetles. These fungi were isolated and identified based on morphological properties and DNA sequences (ITS, LSU, β-tubulin). They colonized the inner bark, phloem and blue-stained sapwood, and were recorded in the galleries of Orthotomicus longicollis and other species of this genus. The occurrence of O. minus was massive; the fungus was found to produce perithecia abundantly in dying pines. Detailed descriptions, illustrations and global distribution of the two fungal species on host pine species are provided. The records of O. ips and those of O. minus are new for the mycoflora of Slovakia. Undetermined mycophagous nematodes were found inside the perithecia of O. ips. The role of bark beetles as real and potential vectors (Ips spp., Orthotomicus spp., Tomicus spp., Hylurgus ligniperda, Hylastes sp.) of blue-stain fungi in a declining pine forest is discussed.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Excessive mortality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees has recently been observed in the Záhorská nížina lowland in western Slovakia, Central Europe. Continuous drought, bark beetles and blue-stain fungi are likely to play a crucial role in this dieback of pines in a warm sandy area. Two blue-stain fungi, Ophiostoma ips and Ophiostoma minus, were found here on Scots pine trunks infested by bark beetles. These fungi were isolated and identified based on morphological properties and DNA sequences (ITS, LSU, β-tubulin). They colonized the inner bark, phloem and blue-stained sapwood, and were recorded in the galleries of Orthotomicus longicollis and other species of this genus. The occurrence of O. minus was massive; the fungus was found to produce perithecia abundantly in dying pines. Detailed descriptions, illustrations and global distribution of the two fungal species on host pine species are provided. The records of O. ips and those of O. minus are new for the mycoflora of Slovakia. Undetermined mycophagous nematodes were found inside the perithecia of O. ips. The role of bark beetles as real and potential vectors (Ips spp., Orthotomicus spp., Tomicus spp., Hylurgus ligniperda, Hylastes sp.) of blue-stain fungi in a declining pine forest is discussed. |
Desprez-Loustau, M L; Massot, M; Toïgo, M; Fort, T; Aday_Kaya, A G; Boberg, J; Braun, U; Capdevielle, X; Cech, T; Chandelier, A; Christova, P; Corcobado, T; Dogmus, T; Dutech, C; Fabreguettes, O; Faivre_d'Arcier, J; Gross, A; Horta_Jung, M; Iturrixa, E; Jung, T; Junker, C; Kiss, L; Kostov, K; Lehtijarvi, A; Lyubenova, A; Marçais, B; Oliva, J; Oskay, F; Pastirčák, M; Pastirčáková, K; Piou, D; Saint-Jean, G; Sallafranque, A; Slavov, S; Stenlid, J; Talgø, V; Takamatsu, T; Tack, A J M From leaf to continent: The multi-scale distribution of an invasive cryptic pathogen complex on oak Journal Article Fungal Ecology, 36 , pp. 39-50, 2018, ISSN: 1754-5048. @article{Desprez-Loustau2018, title = {From leaf to continent: The multi-scale distribution of an invasive cryptic pathogen complex on oak}, author = {M.L. Desprez-Loustau and M. Massot and M. Toïgo and T. Fort and A.G. Aday_Kaya and J. Boberg and U. Braun and X. Capdevielle and T. Cech and A. Chandelier and P. Christova and T. Corcobado and T. Dogmus and C. Dutech and O. Fabreguettes and J. Faivre_d'Arcier and A. Gross and M. Horta_Jung and E. Iturrixa and T. Jung and C. Junker and L. Kiss and K. Kostov and A. Lehtijarvi and A. Lyubenova and B. Marçais and J. Oliva and F. Oskay and M. Pastirčák and K. Pastirčáková and D. Piou and G. Saint-Jean and A. Sallafranque and S. Slavov and J. Stenlid and V. Talgø and T. Takamatsu and A.J.M. Tack}, doi = {10.1016/j.funeco.2018.08.001}, issn = {1754-5048}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-09-14}, journal = {Fungal Ecology}, volume = {36}, pages = {39-50}, abstract = {The spatial distribution and niche differentiation of three closely related species (Erysiphe alphitoides, Erysiphe quercicola and Erysiphe hypophylla) causing oak powdery mildew was studied at scales ranging from the European continent, where they are invasive, to a single leaf. While E. alphitoides was dominant at all scales, E. quercicola and E. hypophylla had restricted geographic, stand and leaf distributions. The large-scale distributions were likely explained by climatic factors and species environmental tolerances, with E. quercicola being more frequent in warmer climates and E. hypophylla in colder climates. The extensive sampling and molecular analyses revealed the cryptic invasion of E. quercicola in nine countries from which it had not previously been recorded. The presence of the three species was also strongly affected by host factors, such as oak species and developmental stage. Segregation patterns between Erysiphe species were observed at the leaf scale, between and within leaf surfaces, suggesting competitive effects.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The spatial distribution and niche differentiation of three closely related species (Erysiphe alphitoides, Erysiphe quercicola and Erysiphe hypophylla) causing oak powdery mildew was studied at scales ranging from the European continent, where they are invasive, to a single leaf. While E. alphitoides was dominant at all scales, E. quercicola and E. hypophylla had restricted geographic, stand and leaf distributions. The large-scale distributions were likely explained by climatic factors and species environmental tolerances, with E. quercicola being more frequent in warmer climates and E. hypophylla in colder climates. The extensive sampling and molecular analyses revealed the cryptic invasion of E. quercicola in nine countries from which it had not previously been recorded. The presence of the three species was also strongly affected by host factors, such as oak species and developmental stage. Segregation patterns between Erysiphe species were observed at the leaf scale, between and within leaf surfaces, suggesting competitive effects. |
Luptáková, Eva; Mihál, Ivan Ektomykorízne makromycéty v monokultúrnych smrečinách rôzneho veku na bývalej poľnohospodárskej pôde – zhodnotenie za rok 2016 Journal Article Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 63 (3), pp. 195-205, 2018. @article{Luptáková2018, title = {Ektomykorízne makromycéty v monokultúrnych smrečinách rôzneho veku na bývalej poľnohospodárskej pôde – zhodnotenie za rok 2016}, author = {Eva Luptáková and Ivan Mihál}, url = {http://www.vulhm.cz//sites/File/ZLV/fulltext/534.pdf}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-09-12}, journal = {Zprávy lesnického výzkumu}, volume = {63}, number = {3}, pages = {195-205}, abstract = {The relationship between the dynamics of species richness and the abundance of ectomycorrhizal macromycetes (ECM) in relation to the different age of spruce monocultures planted on former agricultural soils is presented. Altogether, 37 species were found, at least in the 21-year-old stands (19 species) and the most in the 51-year-old stands (25). The most abundant species were Hygrophorus pustulatus (340 sporocarps), Russula aeruginea (261), Clitopilus prunulus (186), Paxillus involutus (155), Ramaria eumorpha (145), Laccaria bicolor (111). The interdependence between species richness and abundance was found in different aged stands. The greatest variability of values for species richness was found in the 31-year-old stand (32.77%) and the smallest value in the 51-year-old stand (4.33%). The highest variability in abundance values was found in the 21-year-old stand (100.11%) and the lowest in the 31-year-old stand (50.16%). The dependence of species richness and abundance on the age of the stands was significant only when comparing the abundance of the sporocarps in the 31 year-old stand with the 51-year-old stand, which means that the species richness and abundance of the ECM macromycetes sporocarps grow with the age of the stands.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The relationship between the dynamics of species richness and the abundance of ectomycorrhizal macromycetes (ECM) in relation to the different age of spruce monocultures planted on former agricultural soils is presented. Altogether, 37 species were found, at least in the 21-year-old stands (19 species) and the most in the 51-year-old stands (25). The most abundant species were Hygrophorus pustulatus (340 sporocarps), Russula aeruginea (261), Clitopilus prunulus (186), Paxillus involutus (155), Ramaria eumorpha (145), Laccaria bicolor (111). The interdependence between species richness and abundance was found in different aged stands. The greatest variability of values for species richness was found in the 31-year-old stand (32.77%) and the smallest value in the 51-year-old stand (4.33%). The highest variability in abundance values was found in the 21-year-old stand (100.11%) and the lowest in the 31-year-old stand (50.16%). The dependence of species richness and abundance on the age of the stands was significant only when comparing the abundance of the sporocarps in the 31 year-old stand with the 51-year-old stand, which means that the species richness and abundance of the ECM macromycetes sporocarps grow with the age of the stands. |
Mišíková, Oľga; Mihál, Ivan; Račko, Vladimír Alterations in wood and bark structure of apple tree (Malus domestica) caused by Neonectria ditissima fungus Journal Article Acta Facultatis Xylologiae, 60 (1), pp. 5-12, 2018. @article{Mišíková2018, title = {Alterations in wood and bark structure of apple tree (Malus domestica) caused by Neonectria ditissima fungus}, author = {Oľga Mišíková and Ivan Mihál and Vladimír Račko}, url = {https://df.tuzvo.sk/sites/default/files/01-01-18_0_0_0_0_0_0_0_0.pdf}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-09-06}, journal = {Acta Facultatis Xylologiae}, volume = {60}, number = {1}, pages = {5-12}, abstract = {The occurrence of fungi Nectria spp. affects the quality of forest stands and fruit trees significantly. The aim of the paper is to describe the changes in the anatomy of the bark and wood tissues of Malus domestica attacked by the fungus Neonectria ditissima. Significant structural alterations in the bark and wood tissues at the points of the perithecia occurrence were found. Significant and visible thickening (burl) on the branch at the point of injury was due to the excessive formation of lateral callus and wound after injury. The callus anatomy formed after the injury showed closed tumour features with a marked disorganization of the wood elements influenced by Neonectria ditissima infection spread in bark and cambium.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The occurrence of fungi Nectria spp. affects the quality of forest stands and fruit trees significantly. The aim of the paper is to describe the changes in the anatomy of the bark and wood tissues of Malus domestica attacked by the fungus Neonectria ditissima. Significant structural alterations in the bark and wood tissues at the points of the perithecia occurrence were found. Significant and visible thickening (burl) on the branch at the point of injury was due to the excessive formation of lateral callus and wound after injury. The callus anatomy formed after the injury showed closed tumour features with a marked disorganization of the wood elements influenced by Neonectria ditissima infection spread in bark and cambium. |
Pastirčáková, K; Ostrovský, R; Pastirčák, M Mycobiota in dead and damaged branches of silver birch in Slovakia Journal Article Baltic Forestry, 24 (1), pp. 17-23, 2018, ISSN: 1392-1355. @article{Pastirčáková2018b, title = {Mycobiota in dead and damaged branches of silver birch in Slovakia}, author = {K. Pastirčáková and R. Ostrovský and M. Pastirčák}, url = {https://www.balticforestry.mi.lt/bf/PDF_Articles/2018-24%5B1%5D/Baltic%20Forestry%202018.1_017-023.pdf}, issn = {1392-1355}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-08-23}, journal = {Baltic Forestry}, volume = {24}, number = {1}, pages = {17-23}, abstract = {The species composition of the mycobiota in dead and damaged branches of silver birch (Betula pendula) was studied. The study material collected at 44 localities in Slovakia during the period of 2009 to 2015 was examined. In total, 27 fungal taxa (11 Ascomycetes and 16 Deuteromycetes) were identified on the basis of fruiting body morphology. Sixteen of them have never been recorded on birch trees in the country. Prosthemium betulinum, Trimmatostroma betulinum, Cytospora betulicola, Cryptosporella betulae, Coryneum lanciforme, Myxocyclus polycystis, Pleomassaria siparia, and Disculina betulina were the dominant colonisers of dead branches. The spectrum of fungi colonising dead and dying branches of B. pendula was compared in the following different types of stands: public parks and inter-block spaces of greenery, private gardens, forests, and tree alleys alongside roads. The average number of fungal taxa on birch trees growing in different habitats was not significantly different.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The species composition of the mycobiota in dead and damaged branches of silver birch (Betula pendula) was studied. The study material collected at 44 localities in Slovakia during the period of 2009 to 2015 was examined. In total, 27 fungal taxa (11 Ascomycetes and 16 Deuteromycetes) were identified on the basis of fruiting body morphology. Sixteen of them have never been recorded on birch trees in the country. Prosthemium betulinum, Trimmatostroma betulinum, Cytospora betulicola, Cryptosporella betulae, Coryneum lanciforme, Myxocyclus polycystis, Pleomassaria siparia, and Disculina betulina were the dominant colonisers of dead branches. The spectrum of fungi colonising dead and dying branches of B. pendula was compared in the following different types of stands: public parks and inter-block spaces of greenery, private gardens, forests, and tree alleys alongside roads. The average number of fungal taxa on birch trees growing in different habitats was not significantly different. |
Pažitný, J; Bolvanský, M; Adamčíková, K Screening for resistance of progenies derived from Castanea sativa × C. crenata and C. crenata to Cryphonectria parasitica Journal Article Forest Pathology, 48 (5), pp. e12439, 2018, ISSN: 1439-0329. @article{Pažitný2018, title = {Screening for resistance of progenies derived from Castanea sativa × C. crenata and C. crenata to Cryphonectria parasitica}, author = {J. Pažitný and M. Bolvanský and K. Adamčíková}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/efp.12439}, doi = {10.1111/efp.12439}, issn = {1439-0329}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-08-10}, journal = {Forest Pathology}, volume = {48}, number = {5}, pages = {e12439}, abstract = {The possibility of screening young seedlings of Castanea for chestnut blight resistance was examined to try to shorten time needed for a breeding programme. Two-year-old chestnut seedlings of eight progenies, derived from open and controlled pollination of three hybrids (Castanea sativa × C. crenata and a C. crenata tree by paternal tree of C. sativa) were screened for resistance to chestnut blight. One hybrid and a C. crenata were partially susceptible, and two hybrids were partially resistant to chestnut blight. A total of 179 seedlings were inoculated with two virulent and one hypovirulent strain of Cryphonectria parasitica at two dates (early June and early September). Stromata production was higher and canker size larger when seedlings were inoculated in early June. Differences in canker size among seedlings derived from different parental trees were observed only after September inoculation. However, differences in canker size among seedlings inoculated with the virulent strains were observed only after June inoculation. The only significant effect on seedling survival was based on fungal strains used for inoculation. Ratio of seedlings, which died after inoculation with the hypovirulent strain, was significantly lower (36.8%) than those that died after inoculation with virulent strains (88.4 and 95.1%). Survival of seedlings was affected only by fungal strains used in inoculation, and not influenced by parental trees. The risk of seedling dieback increased with increasing canker size and with decreasing stem diameter of seedlings. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The possibility of screening young seedlings of Castanea for chestnut blight resistance was examined to try to shorten time needed for a breeding programme. Two-year-old chestnut seedlings of eight progenies, derived from open and controlled pollination of three hybrids (Castanea sativa × C. crenata and a C. crenata tree by paternal tree of C. sativa) were screened for resistance to chestnut blight. One hybrid and a C. crenata were partially susceptible, and two hybrids were partially resistant to chestnut blight. A total of 179 seedlings were inoculated with two virulent and one hypovirulent strain of Cryphonectria parasitica at two dates (early June and early September). Stromata production was higher and canker size larger when seedlings were inoculated in early June. Differences in canker size among seedlings derived from different parental trees were observed only after September inoculation. However, differences in canker size among seedlings inoculated with the virulent strains were observed only after June inoculation. The only significant effect on seedling survival was based on fungal strains used for inoculation. Ratio of seedlings, which died after inoculation with the hypovirulent strain, was significantly lower (36.8%) than those that died after inoculation with virulent strains (88.4 and 95.1%). Survival of seedlings was affected only by fungal strains used in inoculation, and not influenced by parental trees. The risk of seedling dieback increased with increasing canker size and with decreasing stem diameter of seedlings. |
Crous, P W; Wingfield, M J; Burgess, T I; Hardy, G.E.St.J.; Gené, J; Guarro, J; García, Baseia I G D; Gusmão, L F P; Souza-Motta, C M; Thangavel, R; Adamčík, S; Barili, A; Barnes, C W; Bezerra, J D P; Bordallo, J J; Cano-Lira, J F; de Oliveira, R J V; Ercole, E; Hubka, V; Iturrieta-González, I; Kubátová, A; Martín, M P; Moreau, P -A; Morte, A; Ordoñez, M E; Rodríguez, A; Stchigel, A M; Vizzini, A; Abdollahzadeh, J; Abreu, V P; Adamčíková, K; Albuquerque, G M R; Alexandrova, A V; Álvarez_Duarte, E; Armstrong-Cho, C; Banniza, S; Barbosa, R N; Bellanger, J -M; Bezerra, J L; Cabral, T S; Caicedo, Caboňand M E; Cantillo, T; Carnegie, A J; Carmo, L T; Castañeda-Ruiz, R F; Clement, C R; Čmoková, A; Conceição, L B; Cruz, R H S F; Damm, U; da_Silva, B D B; da_Silva, G A; da_Silva, R M F; Santiago, A.L.C.M._de_A.; de_Oliveira, L F; de_Souza, C A F; Déniel, F; Dima, B; Dong, G; Edwards, J; Félix, C R; Fournier, J; Gibertoni, T B; Hosaka, K; Iturriaga, T; Jadan, M; Jany, J -L; Jurjević, Ž; Kolařík, M; Kušan, I; Landell, M F; Leite_Cordeiro, T R; Lima, X D; Loizides, M; Luo, S; Machado, A R; Madrid, H; Magalhães, O M C; Marinho, P; Matočec, N; Mešić, A; Miller, A N; Morozova, O V; Neves, R P; Nonaka, K; Nováková, A; Oberlies, N H; Oliveira-Filho, J R C; Oliveira, T G L; Papp, V; Pereira, O L; Perrone, G; Peterson, S W; Pham, T H G; Raja, H A; Raudabaugh, D B; Řehulka, J; RodrÃguez-Andrade, E; Saba, M; Schauflerova, A; Shivas, R G; Simonini, G; Siqueira, J P Z; Sousa, J O; Stajsic, V; Svetasheva, T; Tan, Y P; Tkalčec, Z; Ullah, S; Valente, P; Valenzuela-Lopez, N; Abrinbana, M; Viana_Marques, D A; Wong, P T W; Xavier_de_Lima, V; Groenewald, J Z Fungal Planet description sheets: 716-784 Journal Article Persoonia, 40 , pp. 240-393, 2018, ISSN: 1878-9080. @article{Crous2018, title = {Fungal Planet description sheets: 716-784}, author = {P.W. Crous and M.J. Wingfield and T.I. Burgess and G.E.St.J. Hardy and J. Gené and J. Guarro and I.G. Baseia D. García and L.F.P. Gusmão and C.M. Souza-Motta and R. Thangavel and S. Adamčík and A. Barili and C.W. Barnes and J.D.P. Bezerra and J.J. Bordallo and J.F. Cano-Lira and R.J.V. de Oliveira and E. Ercole and V. Hubka and I. Iturrieta-González and A. Kubátová and M.P. Martín and P.-A. Moreau and A. Morte and M.E. Ordoñez and A. Rodríguez and A.M. Stchigel and A. Vizzini and J. Abdollahzadeh and V.P. Abreu and K. Adamčíková and G.M.R. Albuquerque and A.V. Alexandrova and E. Álvarez_Duarte and C. Armstrong-Cho and S. Banniza and R.N. Barbosa and J.-M. Bellanger and J.L. Bezerra and T.S. Cabral and M. Caboňand E. Caicedo and T. Cantillo and A.J. Carnegie and L.T. Carmo and R.F. Castañeda-Ruiz and C.R. Clement and A. Čmoková and L.B. Conceição and R.H.S.F Cruz and U. Damm and B.D.B. da_Silva and G.A. da_Silva and R.M.F. da_Silva and A.L.C.M._de_A. Santiago and L.F. de_Oliveira and C.A.F. de_Souza and F. Déniel and B. Dima and G. Dong and J. Edwards and C.R. Félix and J. Fournier and T.B. Gibertoni and K. Hosaka and T. Iturriaga and M. Jadan and J.-L. Jany and Ž. Jurjević and M. Kolařík and I. Kušan and M.F. Landell and T.R. Leite_Cordeiro and X.D. Lima and M. Loizides and S. Luo and A.R. Machado and H. Madrid and O.M.C. Magalhães and P. Marinho and N. Matočec and A. Mešić and A.N. Miller and O.V. Morozova and R.P. Neves and K. Nonaka and A. Nováková and N.H. Oberlies and J.R.C. Oliveira-Filho and T.G.L. Oliveira and V. Papp and O.L. Pereira and G. Perrone and S.W. Peterson and T.H.G. Pham and H.A. Raja and D.B. Raudabaugh and J. Řehulka and E. RodrÃguez-Andrade and M. Saba and A. Schauflerova and R.G. Shivas and G. Simonini and J.P.Z. Siqueira and J.O. Sousa and V. Stajsic and T. Svetasheva and Y.P. Tan and Z. Tkalčec and S. Ullah and P. Valente and N. Valenzuela-Lopez and M. Abrinbana and D.A. Viana_Marques and P.T.W. Wong and V. Xavier_de_Lima and J.Z. Groenewald}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.10}, issn = {1878-9080}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-07-13}, journal = {Persoonia}, volume = {40}, pages = {240-393}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Adamčík, S; Dima, B; Adamčíková, K; Læssøe, T; Moreau, P A; Vizzini, A; Jančovičová, S European Hodophilus (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) species with yellow stipe Journal Article Mycological Progress, 17 (9), pp. 1097-1111, 2018, ISSN: ISSN: 1861-8952 . @article{Adamčík2018, title = {European Hodophilus (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) species with yellow stipe }, author = {S. Adamčík and B. Dima and K. Adamčíková and T. Læssøe and P.A. Moreau and A. Vizzini and S. Jančovičová}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1418-1}, issn = {ISSN: 1861-8952 }, year = {2018}, date = {2018-06-29}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {17}, number = {9}, pages = {1097-1111}, abstract = {Phylogenetic reconstruction of Hodophilus species with a yellow colour on the stipe based on nrITS, nrLSU and rpb2 sequences revealed six European species. All these species correspond to the widely accepted European concept of a single species Hodophilus micaceus. Four of these species are described and illustrated. H. micaceus and H. phaeoxanthus are recognised as two separate species and H. albofloccipes as a synonym of the latter. Two species, H. anatinus and H. cambriensis, are described as new. Possible endemism of H. micaceus and H. cambriensis to the British Isles is discussed. All analysed North American samples represent different species to those found in Europe. The North American species Hygrophorus rugulosus is combined in the genus Hodophilus. The preliminary key uses position and development of the yellow colour during maturation as themost important distinguishing character.The presence of the yellow colour is discussed as a possible synapomorphic character.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Phylogenetic reconstruction of Hodophilus species with a yellow colour on the stipe based on nrITS, nrLSU and rpb2 sequences revealed six European species. All these species correspond to the widely accepted European concept of a single species Hodophilus micaceus. Four of these species are described and illustrated. H. micaceus and H. phaeoxanthus are recognised as two separate species and H. albofloccipes as a synonym of the latter. Two species, H. anatinus and H. cambriensis, are described as new. Possible endemism of H. micaceus and H. cambriensis to the British Isles is discussed. All analysed North American samples represent different species to those found in Europe. The North American species Hygrophorus rugulosus is combined in the genus Hodophilus. The preliminary key uses position and development of the yellow colour during maturation as themost important distinguishing character.The presence of the yellow colour is discussed as a possible synapomorphic character. |
Barta, M; Kautmanová, I; Čičková, H; Ferenčík, J; Florián, Š; Novotný, J; Kozánek, M The potential of Beauveria bassiana inoculum formulated into a polymeric matrix for a microbial control of spruce bark beetle Journal Article Biocontrol Science and Technology, 28 (7), pp. 718-735, 2018, ISSN: 1360-0478. @article{Barta2018b, title = {The potential of Beauveria bassiana inoculum formulated into a polymeric matrix for a microbial control of spruce bark beetle}, author = {M. Barta and I. Kautmanová and H. Čičková and J. Ferenčík and Š. Florián and J. Novotný and M. Kozánek}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2018.1487027}, doi = {10.1080/09583157.2018.1487027}, issn = {1360-0478}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-06-13}, journal = {Biocontrol Science and Technology}, volume = {28}, number = {7}, pages = {718-735}, abstract = {Two local strains of Beauveria bassiana originally isolated from naturally infected spruce bark beetles in Slovakia were tested for their virulence to Ips typographus (IT) and for their compatibility with a polymeric matrix composed of low-molecular polyethylene. Conidia could be homogenously immobilized in the low-molecular polyethylene matrix with no adverse effect on their viability and infectivity. At constant temperature (25°C), viability of immobilized conidial decreased only by 1–2% after 7 or 14 days when compared with non-formulated conidia. In field conditions, viability of conidia formulated in the matrix was even significantly higher than non-formulated conidia 35 days after their application in traps. Conidia incorporated into the polymeric matrix were infective to IT adults in laboratory bioassays. Mean values of LC50 for native conidia (0.72–2.05 × 106 conidia ml−1) and conidia immobilized in the polymeric matrix (0.64–1.03 × 105 conidia mm−2) demonstrated high virulence. The efficacy of the local strains was significantly higher than that of B. bassiana strains from mycoinsecticides (Boverol®, Botanigard® ES and Naturalis-L®). Results showed potential of this polymeric material for its use in microbial control of IT when mixed with conidia of B. bassiana.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Two local strains of Beauveria bassiana originally isolated from naturally infected spruce bark beetles in Slovakia were tested for their virulence to Ips typographus (IT) and for their compatibility with a polymeric matrix composed of low-molecular polyethylene. Conidia could be homogenously immobilized in the low-molecular polyethylene matrix with no adverse effect on their viability and infectivity. At constant temperature (25°C), viability of immobilized conidial decreased only by 1–2% after 7 or 14 days when compared with non-formulated conidia. In field conditions, viability of conidia formulated in the matrix was even significantly higher than non-formulated conidia 35 days after their application in traps. Conidia incorporated into the polymeric matrix were infective to IT adults in laboratory bioassays. Mean values of LC50 for native conidia (0.72–2.05 × 106 conidia ml−1) and conidia immobilized in the polymeric matrix (0.64–1.03 × 105 conidia mm−2) demonstrated high virulence. The efficacy of the local strains was significantly higher than that of B. bassiana strains from mycoinsecticides (Boverol®, Botanigard® ES and Naturalis-L®). Results showed potential of this polymeric material for its use in microbial control of IT when mixed with conidia of B. bassiana. |
Luptáková, Eva; Parák, Michal; Mihál, Ivan Structure of fungal communities (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) in Western Carpathian submontane forest stands under different managements Journal Article Mycosphere, 9 (6), pp. 1053-1072, 2018. @article{Luptáková2018b, title = {Structure of fungal communities (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) in Western Carpathian submontane forest stands under different managements}, author = {Eva Luptáková and Michal Parák and Ivan Mihál}, url = {http://www.mycosphere.org/pdf/MYCOSPHERE_9_6_1.pdf}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-06-12}, journal = {Mycosphere}, volume = {9}, number = {6}, pages = {1053-1072}, abstract = {In our paper, we present a mycocoenological study of two, differently managed beech forest stands (a 28 year-old pole-sapling stand – plot H and a control 115 year old mature stand – plot K) in temperate forests of The Western Carpathians. Out of 117 identified species of macromycetes, 87 species were found at plot H and 72 species at plot K. Altogether, 63% of fruiting bodies abundance was recorded at plot H and 37% was recorded at plot K. Together, 41 species (35.04%) had a common occurrence at both plots. We found 55 wood-inhabiting species, of which the most abundant production of fruiting bodies were by species Panellus stipticus (797 fruiting bodies), Hypoxylon fragiforme (480), Lycoperdon pyriforme (408); 32 ectomycorrhizal species, with the largest production of fruiting bodies by Craterellus cornucopioides (94 fruiting bodies), Russula foetens (36), Lactarius piperatus (24); and 27 species of terrestrial saprotrophs, out of which the most fruiting bodies were produced by species Mycena alcalina agg. (52 fruiting bodies), Mycena inclinata (50), Psathyrella laevissima (38). At plot K, the values of overall biomass production of fruiting bodies, as well as biomass of fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal species, were higher compared to plot H.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In our paper, we present a mycocoenological study of two, differently managed beech forest stands (a 28 year-old pole-sapling stand – plot H and a control 115 year old mature stand – plot K) in temperate forests of The Western Carpathians. Out of 117 identified species of macromycetes, 87 species were found at plot H and 72 species at plot K. Altogether, 63% of fruiting bodies abundance was recorded at plot H and 37% was recorded at plot K. Together, 41 species (35.04%) had a common occurrence at both plots. We found 55 wood-inhabiting species, of which the most abundant production of fruiting bodies were by species Panellus stipticus (797 fruiting bodies), Hypoxylon fragiforme (480), Lycoperdon pyriforme (408); 32 ectomycorrhizal species, with the largest production of fruiting bodies by Craterellus cornucopioides (94 fruiting bodies), Russula foetens (36), Lactarius piperatus (24); and 27 species of terrestrial saprotrophs, out of which the most fruiting bodies were produced by species Mycena alcalina agg. (52 fruiting bodies), Mycena inclinata (50), Psathyrella laevissima (38). At plot K, the values of overall biomass production of fruiting bodies, as well as biomass of fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal species, were higher compared to plot H. |
Ondrušková, E; Jánošíková, Z; Adamčík, S; Kádasi-Horáková, M; Rákusová-Sládková, D; Adamčíková, K Needle blight caused by Dothistroma pini in Slovakia: distribution, host range and mating types Journal Article Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 33 (7), pp. 650-656, 2018, ISSN: 1651-1891. @article{Ondrušková2018, title = {Needle blight caused by Dothistroma pini in Slovakia: distribution, host range and mating types}, author = {E. Ondrušková and Z. Jánošíková and S. Adamčík and M. Kádasi-Horáková and D. Rákusová-Sládková and K. Adamčíková}, doi = {10.1080/02827581.2018.1482954}, issn = {1651-1891}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-06-06}, journal = {Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research}, volume = {33}, number = {7}, pages = {650-656}, abstract = {Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) has been observed in Slovakia during the last two decades. Up until 2017, Dothistroma septosporum has only been detected and molecularly confirmed to cause DNB in Slovakia. Here, we report the detection of Dothistroma pini at six localities around Slovakia, representing different plantation types. Four pine species (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. mugo and P. jeffreyi) were confirmed as hosts of D. pini in Slovakia, of which only P. mugo has been previously reported as host in Slovakia. Three gene regions (ITS, EF1 –α, and ß-tubulin) of each of the 13 isolates were sequenced and assigned as D. pini. Based on ITS sequences, the studied isolates represent the haplotypes Dp_HAP.1, Dp_HAP.2. Both mating types were detected but at different localities. Our results suggest that in addition to D. septosporum, D. pini may contribute to DNB also in Slovakia.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) has been observed in Slovakia during the last two decades. Up until 2017, Dothistroma septosporum has only been detected and molecularly confirmed to cause DNB in Slovakia. Here, we report the detection of Dothistroma pini at six localities around Slovakia, representing different plantation types. Four pine species (Pinus sylvestris, P. nigra, P. mugo and P. jeffreyi) were confirmed as hosts of D. pini in Slovakia, of which only P. mugo has been previously reported as host in Slovakia. Three gene regions (ITS, EF1 –α, and ß-tubulin) of each of the 13 isolates were sequenced and assigned as D. pini. Based on ITS sequences, the studied isolates represent the haplotypes Dp_HAP.1, Dp_HAP.2. Both mating types were detected but at different localities. Our results suggest that in addition to D. septosporum, D. pini may contribute to DNB also in Slovakia. |
Zúbrik, M; Pilarska, D; Kulfan, J; Barta, M; Hajek, A E; Bittner, T D; Zach, P; Takov, D; Kunca, A; Rell, S; Hirka, A; Csóka, G Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 155 , pp. 52-54, 2018, ISSN: 0022-2011. @article{Zúbrik2018, title = {Phytophagous larvae occurring in Central and Southeastern European oak forests as a potential host of Entomophaga maimaiga (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) – A field study}, author = {M. Zúbrik and D. Pilarska and J. Kulfan and M. Barta and A.E. Hajek and T.D. Bittner and P. Zach and D. Takov and A. Kunca and S. Rell and A. Hirka and G. Csóka}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2018.05.003}, doi = {10.1016/j.jip.2018.05.003}, issn = {0022-2011}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-05-11}, journal = {Journal of Invertebrate Pathology}, volume = {155}, pages = {52-54}, abstract = {We evaluated the presence and impact of Entomophaga maimaiga on both target and non-target phytophagous larvae. All six study plots, with low gypsy moth population density, were situated in Central and Southeastern European oak forests and E. maimaiga had previously been reported from these plots. Totally, 45 of 4,045 (1.13%) collected non-target larvae died due to fungal infections. No non-target insect specimen was infected by E. maimaiga, although the presence of the pathogen could not be fully excluded in three cadavers. Out of 1,780 L. dispar larvae collected, 15 individuals (0.84%) were infected by E. maimaiga.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We evaluated the presence and impact of Entomophaga maimaiga on both target and non-target phytophagous larvae. All six study plots, with low gypsy moth population density, were situated in Central and Southeastern European oak forests and E. maimaiga had previously been reported from these plots. Totally, 45 of 4,045 (1.13%) collected non-target larvae died due to fungal infections. No non-target insect specimen was infected by E. maimaiga, although the presence of the pathogen could not be fully excluded in three cadavers. Out of 1,780 L. dispar larvae collected, 15 individuals (0.84%) were infected by E. maimaiga. |
Kunová, S; Kántor, A; Terentjeva, M; Felsöciová, S; Ivanišová, E; Kluz, M; Hanus, P; Puchalski, C; Horáková, Kádasi M; Kačániová, M Microscopic fungi isolated from different Slovak grape varieties Journal Article Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 12 (1), pp. 438-443, 2018, ISSN: 1337-0960. @article{Kunová2018, title = {Microscopic fungi isolated from different Slovak grape varieties}, author = {S. Kunová and A. Kántor and M. Terentjeva and S. Felsöciová and E. Ivanišová and M. Kluz and P. Hanus and C. Puchalski and M. Kádasi Horáková and M. Kačániová}, editor = {S. Kunová and A. Kántor and M. Terentjeva and S. Felsöciová and E. Ivanišová and M. Kluz and P. Hanus and C. Puchalski and M. Kádasi Horáková and M. Kačániová}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/893-5354-2-PB-1-4-pdf-212x300.jpg}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5219/893}, issn = {1337-0960}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-04-24}, journal = {Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences}, volume = {12}, number = {1}, pages = {438-443}, abstract = { The aim of this study was to isolate and identify microscopic fungi in different grape samples. We collected 13 grapes varienties samples (9 white and 4 red) from local Slovak winemakers in the end of the September 2017. Used 13 grape samples in this study: Alibernet, Irsai Oliver, Dornfelder, Blue Frankish, Feteasca regala, Green Veltliner, Pálava, Mūller Thurgau, Rhinriesling, Cabernet Savignon, Pinot Blanc, Savignon Blanc and Welschriesling. Microscopic fungi in grape samples were detected on Malt extract agar by spread plate method. The number of microscopic fungi ranged from 2.85 log cfu.g-1 in Cabernet Savignon to 4.83 log cfu.g-1 in Feteasca regala. A total of 627 isolates of microscopic fungi were obtained in this study. The most abundant fungi belonged to genera Alternaria and Penicillium (100% frequency). The high frequency was also detected for Aspergillus (76.92%) and Cladosporium (76.92%) but with lesser relative density. Alternaria sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium sp., Penicillium expansum, Phoma sp., Rhizopus sp. and Trichoderma sp. species were isolated from grape berries. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The aim of this study was to isolate and identify microscopic fungi in different grape samples. We collected 13 grapes varienties samples (9 white and 4 red) from local Slovak winemakers in the end of the September 2017. Used 13 grape samples in this study: Alibernet, Irsai Oliver, Dornfelder, Blue Frankish, Feteasca regala, Green Veltliner, Pálava, Mūller Thurgau, Rhinriesling, Cabernet Savignon, Pinot Blanc, Savignon Blanc and Welschriesling. Microscopic fungi in grape samples were detected on Malt extract agar by spread plate method. The number of microscopic fungi ranged from 2.85 log cfu.g-1 in Cabernet Savignon to 4.83 log cfu.g-1 in Feteasca regala. A total of 627 isolates of microscopic fungi were obtained in this study. The most abundant fungi belonged to genera Alternaria and Penicillium (100% frequency). The high frequency was also detected for Aspergillus (76.92%) and Cladosporium (76.92%) but with lesser relative density. Alternaria sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium sp., Penicillium expansum, Phoma sp., Rhizopus sp. and Trichoderma sp. species were isolated from grape berries. |
Pastirčáková, K; Ivanová, H; Pastirčák, M Species diversity of fungi on damaged branches and leaves of ashes (Fraxinus spp.) in different types of stands in Slovakia Journal Article Central European Forestry Journal, 64 (2), pp. 133-139, 2018, ISSN: 0323-1046. @article{Pastirčáková2018, title = {Species diversity of fungi on damaged branches and leaves of ashes (\textit{Fraxinus} spp.) in different types of stands in Slovakia}, author = {K. Pastirčáková and H. Ivanová and M. Pastirčák}, url = {https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/forj/64/2/article-p133.xml}, doi = {10.1515/forj-2017-0035}, issn = {0323-1046}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-04-16}, journal = {Central European Forestry Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {2}, pages = {133-139}, abstract = {The diversity of fungi on branches and leaves of ashes (Fraxinus angustifolia, F. excelsior, F. ornus) in Slovakia was studied. Symptomatic material collected in Slovakia during the period of 2013 to 2017 and herbarium specimens previously collected were examined. In total, 30 fungal taxa (15 Deuteromycetes, 14 Ascomycetes and one Basidiomycetes) were recorded. Twenty-three of them have never been recorded on ashes in the country. The most frequently occurring fungi were Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (anamorph Chalara fraxinea) that causes necrosis of shoots and branches, and Phyllactinia fraxini, a foliar pathogen that causes powdery mildew disease. Fungal diversity on ashes growing in different types of stands was compared. Species richness was the greatest in seed orchards (20 fungal taxa) compared to private gardens, which contained the lowest (two fungal taxa). Species diversity in forest stands comprised 18 fungal taxa and the urban greenery was represented by 10 fungal taxa. Nine fungal taxa were recorded in tree alley along the road. The widest fungal species spectrum was recorded on F. excelsior.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The diversity of fungi on branches and leaves of ashes (Fraxinus angustifolia, F. excelsior, F. ornus) in Slovakia was studied. Symptomatic material collected in Slovakia during the period of 2013 to 2017 and herbarium specimens previously collected were examined. In total, 30 fungal taxa (15 Deuteromycetes, 14 Ascomycetes and one Basidiomycetes) were recorded. Twenty-three of them have never been recorded on ashes in the country. The most frequently occurring fungi were Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (anamorph Chalara fraxinea) that causes necrosis of shoots and branches, and Phyllactinia fraxini, a foliar pathogen that causes powdery mildew disease. Fungal diversity on ashes growing in different types of stands was compared. Species richness was the greatest in seed orchards (20 fungal taxa) compared to private gardens, which contained the lowest (two fungal taxa). Species diversity in forest stands comprised 18 fungal taxa and the urban greenery was represented by 10 fungal taxa. Nine fungal taxa were recorded in tree alley along the road. The widest fungal species spectrum was recorded on F. excelsior. |
Nalevanková, Paulína; Ježík, Marek; Sitková, Zuzana; Vido, Jaroslav; Leštianska, Adriana; Střelcová, Katarína Ecohydrology, 11 (6), 2018, ISSN: 1936-0584. @article{Nalevanková2018, title = {Drought and irrigation affect transpiration rate and morning tree water status of a mature European beech (\textit{Fagus sylvatica} L.) forest in Central Europe}, author = {Paulína Nalevanková and Marek Ježík and Zuzana Sitková and Jaroslav Vido and Adriana Leštianska and Katarína Střelcová}, doi = {10.1002/eco.1958}, issn = {1936-0584}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-03-08}, journal = {Ecohydrology}, volume = {11}, number = {6}, abstract = {Severity and frequency of recurrent droughts is likely to be amplified by recent climate changes and may adversely affect large areas of temperate forests. This study addresses the ecophysiological responses of a mature beech forest in Central Europe (Slovakia, 450 m a.s.l.) exposed to drought during the growing seasons of 2012–2014. Sap flow and stem circumference changes of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were measured in two contrasting treatments (drought vs. irrigation). Limited water availability reflected in the morning tree water status (morning stem contraction, ΔW) significantly reduced transpiration. Trees stressed by drought in the years 2012 and 2013 showed remarkably lower values of morning ΔW than those in the irrigated group. This suggests (a) lower water potential of the stem‐conducting tissues and (b) increased use of internally stored water to maintain daily transpiration. Additionally, morning ΔW showed a close relationship with soil water potential, particularly in the nonirrigated trees. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) explained less variability in the transpiration of the control stand than that of the irrigated stand. The use of a simple analysis of covariance model comprising morning ΔW and PET interaction significantly increased the explained variability in transpiration in the control stand. Morning ΔW of mature beech trees seems to be a useful and easily obtainable non‐invasive bioindicator of their ability to reduce and regulate transpiration in relation to atmospheric evaporative demands in response to drought.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Severity and frequency of recurrent droughts is likely to be amplified by recent climate changes and may adversely affect large areas of temperate forests. This study addresses the ecophysiological responses of a mature beech forest in Central Europe (Slovakia, 450 m a.s.l.) exposed to drought during the growing seasons of 2012–2014. Sap flow and stem circumference changes of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) were measured in two contrasting treatments (drought vs. irrigation). Limited water availability reflected in the morning tree water status (morning stem contraction, ΔW) significantly reduced transpiration. Trees stressed by drought in the years 2012 and 2013 showed remarkably lower values of morning ΔW than those in the irrigated group. This suggests (a) lower water potential of the stem‐conducting tissues and (b) increased use of internally stored water to maintain daily transpiration. Additionally, morning ΔW showed a close relationship with soil water potential, particularly in the nonirrigated trees. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) explained less variability in the transpiration of the control stand than that of the irrigated stand. The use of a simple analysis of covariance model comprising morning ΔW and PET interaction significantly increased the explained variability in transpiration in the control stand. Morning ΔW of mature beech trees seems to be a useful and easily obtainable non‐invasive bioindicator of their ability to reduce and regulate transpiration in relation to atmospheric evaporative demands in response to drought. |
Jánošíková-Hečková, Z; Ondrušková, E; Barta, M; Ostrovský, R; Kádasi-Horáková, M; Pastirčáková, K; Kobza, M; Adamčíková, K The hosts and geographic range of Dothistroma needle blight in Slovakia Journal Article Forest Pathology, 48 (3), pp. e12421, 2018, ISSN: 1437-4781. @article{Jánošíková-Hečková2018, title = {The hosts and geographic range of Dothistroma needle blight in Slovakia}, author = {Z. Jánošíková-Hečková and E. Ondrušková and M. Barta and R. Ostrovský and M. Kádasi-Horáková and K. Pastirčáková and M. Kobza and K. Adamčíková }, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/efp.12421}, doi = {10.1111/efp.12421}, issn = {1437-4781}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-15}, journal = {Forest Pathology}, volume = {48}, number = {3}, pages = {e12421}, abstract = {The occurrence and distribution of Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) were studied in 2014–2017 around Slovakia. A total of 84 localities, both native and planted, were investigated, and the presence of DNB was confirmed in 73 of them. In all positive locations, symptoms typical of DNB were observed and the Dothistroma species was confirmed using species-specific primers either from fungal cultures or directly from needles. Both Dothistroma species—D. septosporum and D. pini—were identified. Both species occurred together in 29 locations, only D. septosporum in 42 and only D. pini in two locations. The host range of D. septosporum included 10 pine species and two spruce species. The host range of D. pini comprised the same number of pine hosts but only one spruce species. Five pine hosts, P. aristata, P. coulteri, P. densiflora, P. jeffreyi, P. × schwerinii, and one spruce host P. abies are new hosts species of D. pini. P. densiflora and Picea pungens have earlier been reported to be susceptible for DNB. In this study, D. septosporum was found from both tree species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The occurrence and distribution of Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) were studied in 2014–2017 around Slovakia. A total of 84 localities, both native and planted, were investigated, and the presence of DNB was confirmed in 73 of them. In all positive locations, symptoms typical of DNB were observed and the Dothistroma species was confirmed using species-specific primers either from fungal cultures or directly from needles. Both Dothistroma species—D. septosporum and D. pini—were identified. Both species occurred together in 29 locations, only D. septosporum in 42 and only D. pini in two locations. The host range of D. septosporum included 10 pine species and two spruce species. The host range of D. pini comprised the same number of pine hosts but only one spruce species. Five pine hosts, P. aristata, P. coulteri, P. densiflora, P. jeffreyi, P. × schwerinii, and one spruce host P. abies are new hosts species of D. pini. P. densiflora and Picea pungens have earlier been reported to be susceptible for DNB. In this study, D. septosporum was found from both tree species. |
Gajdoš, Peter; Černecká, Ľudmila; Franc, Valerián; Šestáková, Anna Spiders of Slovakia Book VEDA, 2018, ISBN: 978-80-224-1618-4. @book{Gajdoš2018, title = {Spiders of Slovakia }, author = {Peter Gajdoš and Ľudmila Černecká and Valerián Franc and Anna Šestáková }, isbn = {978-80-224-1618-4}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-15}, journal = {VEDA}, publisher = {VEDA}, abstract = {The monograph is focused on Slovak spider names recorded in our country, on the history of Slovak names and basic rules of zoological nomenclature. Moreover it briefly discussed spider ecology and phylogeny, and is also a guide to Slovakian spider families. In the history of the Slovak language was largely suppressed, therefore the formation of the Slovak spider nomenclature was more or less confined to a few common and remarkable species (e. g. Araneus diadematus, Tegenaria domestica). First Slovak spider names appeared in the second half of the 19th century in natural history schoolbooks. Improvements of the Slovak nomenclature continued in 20th century by translators S. Klima, R. Klačko, A. Gutteková, I. Zmoray and others. The first important milestone in Slovak spider nomeclature was made by O. Žitnanská in the encyclopedia “Z našej prírody” (1981) presented 29 species. Next significant changes of Slovak nomenclature formed mostly in the last decade. One of the meaningful, although unpublished work, is the bachelor thesis by Korenko (2004), which listed Slovak names for 62 species and 20 spider families. However most of the names seems to be influenced by Czech nomenclature by Kůrka, Kovařík(2003). He publicized all his names and thesis on his website, which included family determination key. Thanks to this page Slovak spider names of species and their families has been available to the general public. Few years later came out the monograph about High Tatras, which listed Slovak names to 65 species (Svatoň, 2010). No other publication influenced Slovak spider nomenclature from that time. In conclusion, we found out 153species with Slovak names, represented approximately 16% of our arachnofauna. From all known Slovakian families only six lacked Slovak name. Interestingly, numerous variations of Slovak names were used dominantly for well-knownspecies e. g. Araneus diadematus, Argiope bruennichi, Teganaria domestica,Argyroneta aquatica, Dolomedes fimbriatus and Salticus sceniscus. Here we presented971 Slovak species names and 39 Slovak family names of our spiders. Additionaly to Slovak names we made an overview of scientific synonyms used in Slovak publications and known dubious names. Moreover the book offers to readers essential information and many interesting facts about spider families known from Slovakia. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {book} } The monograph is focused on Slovak spider names recorded in our country, on the history of Slovak names and basic rules of zoological nomenclature. Moreover it briefly discussed spider ecology and phylogeny, and is also a guide to Slovakian spider families. In the history of the Slovak language was largely suppressed, therefore the formation of the Slovak spider nomenclature was more or less confined to a few common and remarkable species (e. g. Araneus diadematus, Tegenaria domestica). First Slovak spider names appeared in the second half of the 19th century in natural history schoolbooks. Improvements of the Slovak nomenclature continued in 20th century by translators S. Klima, R. Klačko, A. Gutteková, I. Zmoray and others. The first important milestone in Slovak spider nomeclature was made by O. Žitnanská in the encyclopedia “Z našej prírody” (1981) presented 29 species. Next significant changes of Slovak nomenclature formed mostly in the last decade. One of the meaningful, although unpublished work, is the bachelor thesis by Korenko (2004), which listed Slovak names for 62 species and 20 spider families. However most of the names seems to be influenced by Czech nomenclature by Kůrka, Kovařík(2003). He publicized all his names and thesis on his website, which included family determination key. Thanks to this page Slovak spider names of species and their families has been available to the general public. Few years later came out the monograph about High Tatras, which listed Slovak names to 65 species (Svatoň, 2010). No other publication influenced Slovak spider nomenclature from that time. In conclusion, we found out 153species with Slovak names, represented approximately 16% of our arachnofauna. From all known Slovakian families only six lacked Slovak name. Interestingly, numerous variations of Slovak names were used dominantly for well-knownspecies e. g. Araneus diadematus, Argiope bruennichi, Teganaria domestica,Argyroneta aquatica, Dolomedes fimbriatus and Salticus sceniscus. Here we presented971 Slovak species names and 39 Slovak family names of our spiders. Additionaly to Slovak names we made an overview of scientific synonyms used in Slovak publications and known dubious names. Moreover the book offers to readers essential information and many interesting facts about spider families known from Slovakia. |
Barta, M In planta bioassay on the effects of endophytic Beauveria strains against larvae of horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella) Journal Article Biological Control, 121 , pp. 88-98, 2018, ISSN: 1049-9644. @article{Barta2018c, title = {In planta bioassay on the effects of endophytic Beauveria strains against larvae of horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella)}, author = {M. Barta}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.02.013}, doi = {10.1016/j.biocontrol.2018.02.013}, issn = {1049-9644}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-14}, journal = {Biological Control}, volume = {121}, pages = {88-98}, abstract = {Cameraria ohridella is a major pest of horse-chestnut trees in Europe causing permanent outbreaks and severe defoliations. Entomopathogenic Beauveria species are common mortality factors of C. ohridella pupae overwintering in leaf litters. In this study, laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the ability of local Beauveria strains to colonize horse-chestnut leaves endophytically and test their antagonistic activity against C. ohridella in colonized leaves. Two strains of Beauveria bassiana (AM_EF0111 isolated from horse-chestnut leaf tissue and AM_EP0715 isolated from a C. ohridella pupa) and one strain of B. pseudobassiana (AM_SO1015 obtained from soil) were used for in planta bioassays. The selected strains demonstrated high virulence to leaf miner pupae after a topical treatment with spore suspensions. LC50 ranged between 2.49 and 3.19 × 106 conidia ml−1. Horse-chestnut saplings were inoculated with the fungi through their direct immersion into spore suspensions (107 conidia ml−1). Endophytic colonization was successful and a mean colonization rate reached 57.44–66.08% 15 days post-inoculation. It decreased over time for all strains, but the fungi were still present in leaf tissue 54 days post-inoculation. AM_EF0111 strain was significantly more effective in colonizing saplings than AM_SO1015 and AM_EP0715. Fungus-colonized and untreated (control) saplings were infested with the leaf miner 31 days after inoculation and development of larval mines was monitored. In Beauveria-colonized saplings, damage by leaf miner was significantly lower compared to control plants. On day 23 post-infestation, the damaged leaf area of colonized leaves was 5-times smaller compared to control saplings. The negative effect on larval tunneling was significantly greater for strain AM_EP0715 than for the other two strains. Survival of leaf miners was considerably affected in colonized leaves, but mycosis was detected only in 5.41–9.23% of cadavers. No mycosed individuals were collected from control saplings. Pupae from colonized leaves were smaller in dimensions with lower weight than pupae form control plants. The same Beauveria strains recovered from leaves at the end of colonization bioassays showed no significant decrease in LC50 values.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Cameraria ohridella is a major pest of horse-chestnut trees in Europe causing permanent outbreaks and severe defoliations. Entomopathogenic Beauveria species are common mortality factors of C. ohridella pupae overwintering in leaf litters. In this study, laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the ability of local Beauveria strains to colonize horse-chestnut leaves endophytically and test their antagonistic activity against C. ohridella in colonized leaves. Two strains of Beauveria bassiana (AM_EF0111 isolated from horse-chestnut leaf tissue and AM_EP0715 isolated from a C. ohridella pupa) and one strain of B. pseudobassiana (AM_SO1015 obtained from soil) were used for in planta bioassays. The selected strains demonstrated high virulence to leaf miner pupae after a topical treatment with spore suspensions. LC50 ranged between 2.49 and 3.19 × 106 conidia ml−1. Horse-chestnut saplings were inoculated with the fungi through their direct immersion into spore suspensions (107 conidia ml−1). Endophytic colonization was successful and a mean colonization rate reached 57.44–66.08% 15 days post-inoculation. It decreased over time for all strains, but the fungi were still present in leaf tissue 54 days post-inoculation. AM_EF0111 strain was significantly more effective in colonizing saplings than AM_SO1015 and AM_EP0715. Fungus-colonized and untreated (control) saplings were infested with the leaf miner 31 days after inoculation and development of larval mines was monitored. In Beauveria-colonized saplings, damage by leaf miner was significantly lower compared to control plants. On day 23 post-infestation, the damaged leaf area of colonized leaves was 5-times smaller compared to control saplings. The negative effect on larval tunneling was significantly greater for strain AM_EP0715 than for the other two strains. Survival of leaf miners was considerably affected in colonized leaves, but mycosis was detected only in 5.41–9.23% of cadavers. No mycosed individuals were collected from control saplings. Pupae from colonized leaves were smaller in dimensions with lower weight than pupae form control plants. The same Beauveria strains recovered from leaves at the end of colonization bioassays showed no significant decrease in LC50 values. |
Barta, M; Kautmanová, I; Čičková, H; Ferenčík, J; Florián, Š; Novotný, J; Kozánek, M Biologia, 73 (1), pp. 53-65, 2018, ISSN: 1336-9563. @article{Barta2018, title = {Hypocrealean fungi associated with populations of Ips typographus in West Carpathians and selection of local Beauveria strains for effective bark beetle control}, author = {M. Barta and I. Kautmanová and H. Čičková and J. Ferenčík and Š. Florián and J. Novotný and M. Kozánek}, url = {https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-018-0005-x}, doi = {10.2478/s11756-018-0005-x}, issn = {1336-9563}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-05}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {73}, number = {1}, pages = {53-65}, abstract = {In Slovakia, a diversity of entomopathogenic fungi (Ascomycota, Hypocreales) associated with outbreaks of Ips typographus was studied in 81 localities and as many as 113 in vitro cultures of five entomopathogenic species were isolated from infected individuals: Beauveria bassiana (87 isolates), B. pseudobassiana (14 isolates), B. caledonica (6 isolates), Lecanicillium lecanii (4 isolates) and Isaria farinosa (2 isolates). B. pseudobassiana is recorded in natural populations of I. typographus for the first time. Biological properties of selected Beauveria isolates, including colony growth, biomass production, conidia yield and pathogenicity to I. typographus adults, were studied in a series of laboratory bioassays and much intra- and interspecific variability was detected. B. bassiana isolates produced biomass or conidia at significantly higher rate than B. pseudobassiana and B. caledonica isolates. Two B. bassiana isolates were selected as the most virulent to bark beetle adults, demonstrating a mean LC50 ranging from 0.72 to 2.05 × 106 conidia ml−1, and were qualified as promising candidates for biocontrol of I. typographus. Their virulence was significantly higher than that of the mycoinsecticides Boverol®, which was used as a reference strain in the virulence bioassays.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In Slovakia, a diversity of entomopathogenic fungi (Ascomycota, Hypocreales) associated with outbreaks of Ips typographus was studied in 81 localities and as many as 113 in vitro cultures of five entomopathogenic species were isolated from infected individuals: Beauveria bassiana (87 isolates), B. pseudobassiana (14 isolates), B. caledonica (6 isolates), Lecanicillium lecanii (4 isolates) and Isaria farinosa (2 isolates). B. pseudobassiana is recorded in natural populations of I. typographus for the first time. Biological properties of selected Beauveria isolates, including colony growth, biomass production, conidia yield and pathogenicity to I. typographus adults, were studied in a series of laboratory bioassays and much intra- and interspecific variability was detected. B. bassiana isolates produced biomass or conidia at significantly higher rate than B. pseudobassiana and B. caledonica isolates. Two B. bassiana isolates were selected as the most virulent to bark beetle adults, demonstrating a mean LC50 ranging from 0.72 to 2.05 × 106 conidia ml−1, and were qualified as promising candidates for biocontrol of I. typographus. Their virulence was significantly higher than that of the mycoinsecticides Boverol®, which was used as a reference strain in the virulence bioassays. |
Ivanová, Helena Identification and characterization of the fungus Dothiorella sarmentorum on necrotic shoots of declining ash in Slovakia Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 45 (1), pp. 53-57, 2018, ISSN: 1336-5266. @article{Ivanová2018b, title = {Identification and characterization of the fungus \textit{Dothiorella sarmentorum} on necrotic shoots of declining ash in Slovakia}, author = {Helena Ivanová }, doi = {10.2478/foecol-2018-0006}, issn = {1336-5266}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-02}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {45}, number = {1}, pages = {53-57}, abstract = {Formerly, before the current Hymenoscyphus fraxineus epidemic, symptomatic ash twigs were habitually colonized by fungi occurring occasionally in the early stages of ash diseases. Some of these fungi are endophytes or facultative parasites. The segments of diseased shoots of the studied trees were collected from a seed orchard situated in southwest Slovakia. The frequently isolated fungus Dothiorella sarmentorum was identified microscopically and characterized with the aid of morphological keys. The disease symptoms comprise wood cankers, bud necrosis, and shoot and branch dieback displayed through bleached, necrotic or discoloured canes in infected trees. Despite the Dothiorella species has not yet been recognized to have significant economic consequences, the cumulative effects of various stressful biotic and abiotic factors may induce disorder and decline of ash trees in Slovakia.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Formerly, before the current Hymenoscyphus fraxineus epidemic, symptomatic ash twigs were habitually colonized by fungi occurring occasionally in the early stages of ash diseases. Some of these fungi are endophytes or facultative parasites. The segments of diseased shoots of the studied trees were collected from a seed orchard situated in southwest Slovakia. The frequently isolated fungus Dothiorella sarmentorum was identified microscopically and characterized with the aid of morphological keys. The disease symptoms comprise wood cankers, bud necrosis, and shoot and branch dieback displayed through bleached, necrotic or discoloured canes in infected trees. Despite the Dothiorella species has not yet been recognized to have significant economic consequences, the cumulative effects of various stressful biotic and abiotic factors may induce disorder and decline of ash trees in Slovakia. |
Iorgu, I S; Krištín, A; Szövényi, G; Kaňuch, P; Jarčuška, B; Sahlean, T; Iorgu, E I; Orci, K M Bioacoustics , pp. 1-14, 2018. @article{IORGU2017, title = {Distinctive male–female acoustic duetting supports the specific status of \textit{Isophya fatrensis}, a West-Carpathian endemic bush-cricket (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)}, author = {I.S. Iorgu and A. Krištín and G. Szövényi and P. Kaňuch and B. Jarčuška and T. Sahlean and E.I. Iorgu and K.M. Orci}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09524622.2016.1272005?journalCode=tbio20}, doi = {DOI: 10.1080/09524622.2016.1272005 }, year = {2018}, date = {2018-02-01}, journal = {Bioacoustics }, pages = {1-14}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja; Girardello, Marco; Chytrý, Milan; Svenning, Jens-Christian; Willner, Wolfgang; Gégout, Jean-Claude; Agrillo, Emiliano; Campos, Juan Antonio; Jandt, Ute; Kącki, Zygmunt; Šilc, Urban; Slezák, Michal; Tichý, Lubomír; Tsiripidis, Ioannis; Turtureanu, Pavel Dan; Ujházyová, Mariana; Wohlgemuth, Thomas History and environment shape species pools and community diversity in European beech forests Journal Article Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2 (3), pp. 483-490, 2018, ISSN: 2397-334X. @article{Jiménez-Alfaro2018, title = {History and environment shape species pools and community diversity in European beech forests}, author = {Borja Jiménez-Alfaro and Marco Girardello and Milan Chytrý and Jens-Christian Svenning and Wolfgang Willner and Jean-Claude Gégout and Emiliano Agrillo and Juan Antonio Campos and Ute Jandt and Zygmunt Kącki and Urban Šilc and Michal Slezák and Lubomír Tichý and Ioannis Tsiripidis and Pavel Dan Turtureanu and Mariana Ujházyová and Thomas Wohlgemuth }, doi = {10.1038/s41559-017-0462-6}, issn = {2397-334X}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-29}, journal = {Nature Ecology & Evolution}, volume = {2}, number = {3}, pages = {483-490}, abstract = {A central hypothesis of ecology states that regional diversity influences local diversity through species-pool effects. Species pools are supposedly shaped by large-scale factors and then filtered into ecological communities, but understanding these processes requires the analysis of large datasets across several regions. Here, we use a framework of community assembly at a continental scale to test the relative influence of historical and environmental drivers, in combination with regional or local species pools, on community species richness and community completeness. Using 42,173 vegetation plots sampled across European beech forests, we found that large-scale factors largely accounted for species pool sizes. At the regional scale, main predictors reflected historical contingencies related to post-glacial dispersal routes, whereas at the local scale, the influence of environmental filters was predominant. Proximity to Quaternary refugia and high precipitation were the main factors supporting community species richness, especially among beech forest specialist plants. Models for community completeness indicate the influence of large-scale factors, further suggesting community saturation as a result of dispersal limitation or biotic interactions. Our results empirically demonstrate how historical factors complement environmental gradients to provide a better understanding of biodiversity patterns across multiple regions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } A central hypothesis of ecology states that regional diversity influences local diversity through species-pool effects. Species pools are supposedly shaped by large-scale factors and then filtered into ecological communities, but understanding these processes requires the analysis of large datasets across several regions. Here, we use a framework of community assembly at a continental scale to test the relative influence of historical and environmental drivers, in combination with regional or local species pools, on community species richness and community completeness. Using 42,173 vegetation plots sampled across European beech forests, we found that large-scale factors largely accounted for species pool sizes. At the regional scale, main predictors reflected historical contingencies related to post-glacial dispersal routes, whereas at the local scale, the influence of environmental filters was predominant. Proximity to Quaternary refugia and high precipitation were the main factors supporting community species richness, especially among beech forest specialist plants. Models for community completeness indicate the influence of large-scale factors, further suggesting community saturation as a result of dispersal limitation or biotic interactions. Our results empirically demonstrate how historical factors complement environmental gradients to provide a better understanding of biodiversity patterns across multiple regions. |
Ujházy, Karol; Ujházyová, Mariana; Bučinová, Katarína; Čiliak, Marek; Glejdura, Stanislav; Mihál, Ivan Response of fungal and plant communities to management-induced overstorey changes in montane forests of the Western Carpathians Journal Article European Journal of Forest Research, 137 (2), pp. 169-183, 2018, ISSN: 1612-4669. @article{Ujházy2018, title = {Response of fungal and plant communities to management-induced overstorey changes in montane forests of the Western Carpathians}, author = {Karol Ujházy and Mariana Ujházyová and Katarína Bučinová and Marek Čiliak and Stanislav Glejdura and Ivan Mihál }, doi = {10.1007/s10342-017-1096-6}, issn = {1612-4669}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-25}, journal = {European Journal of Forest Research}, volume = {137}, number = {2}, pages = {169-183}, abstract = {The effect of forest management on biodiversity is a crucial issue for sustainable forestry and nature conservation. However, the ways in which management affects macrofungal and plant communities and diversity of mountain temperate forests still remain poorly understood. We performed a random sampling stratified by stand age and stand type on the sites of temperate montane fir–beech forests. Diversity of macrofungi and the vascular plant understorey in beech- and spruce-dominated managed stands was investigated and compared to primeval forests located in the Poľana Biosphere Reserve, Western Carpathians. Both the vascular plant and the macrofungal communities were altered by management, and the response of the macrofungal species (especially wood-inhabiting fungi) was more pronounced in terms of species composition change. Species turnover evaluation seems to be an important tool of forest natural status assessment, because alpha diversity did not change as much as species composition. Certain species of Carpathian primeval forests were confirmed as good indicators for natural forest change; others were proposed. Species pool and mean number of species per plot were the highest in unmanaged fir–beech forests, and species diversity significantly decreased in spruce plantations. The number of species decreased significantly due to the change of canopy tree species composition only in the macrofungal communities. As an outcome for forest management, we recommend keeping mixed forests involving all natural tree species and providing at least a minimal amount of dead wood necessary for wood-inhabiting organisms and leaving some area of unmanaged natural forests within complexes of managed stands.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The effect of forest management on biodiversity is a crucial issue for sustainable forestry and nature conservation. However, the ways in which management affects macrofungal and plant communities and diversity of mountain temperate forests still remain poorly understood. We performed a random sampling stratified by stand age and stand type on the sites of temperate montane fir–beech forests. Diversity of macrofungi and the vascular plant understorey in beech- and spruce-dominated managed stands was investigated and compared to primeval forests located in the Poľana Biosphere Reserve, Western Carpathians. Both the vascular plant and the macrofungal communities were altered by management, and the response of the macrofungal species (especially wood-inhabiting fungi) was more pronounced in terms of species composition change. Species turnover evaluation seems to be an important tool of forest natural status assessment, because alpha diversity did not change as much as species composition. Certain species of Carpathian primeval forests were confirmed as good indicators for natural forest change; others were proposed. Species pool and mean number of species per plot were the highest in unmanaged fir–beech forests, and species diversity significantly decreased in spruce plantations. The number of species decreased significantly due to the change of canopy tree species composition only in the macrofungal communities. As an outcome for forest management, we recommend keeping mixed forests involving all natural tree species and providing at least a minimal amount of dead wood necessary for wood-inhabiting organisms and leaving some area of unmanaged natural forests within complexes of managed stands. |
Djukic, Ika; Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian; Schmidt, Inger Kappel; Larsen, Klaus Steenberg; Beier, Claus; Berg, Björn; Verheyen, Kris; Barna, Milan; Mihál, Ivan; et. al, Early stage litter decomposition across biomes Journal Article Science of the Total Environment, 628-629 (1), pp. 1369-1394, 2018, ISSN: 0378-1127. @article{Djukic2018, title = {Early stage litter decomposition across biomes}, author = {Ika Djukic and Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas and Inger Kappel Schmidt and Klaus Steenberg Larsen and Claus Beier and Björn Berg and Kris Verheyen and Milan Barna and Ivan Mihál and et. al}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718300123}, issn = {0378-1127}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Science of the Total Environment}, volume = {628-629}, number = {1}, pages = {1369-1394}, abstract = {Through litter decomposition enormous amounts of carbon is emitted to the atmosphere. Numerous large-scale decomposition experiments have been conducted focusing on this fundamental soil process in order to understand the controls on the terrestrial carbon transfer to the atmosphere. However, previous studies were mostly based on site-specific litter and methodologies, adding major uncertainty to syntheses, comparisons and metaanalyses across different experiments and sites. In the TeaComposition initiative, the potential litter decomposition is investigated by using standardized substrates (Rooibos and Green tea) for comparison of litter mass loss at 336 sites (ranging from −9 to +26 °C MAT and from 60 to 3113mm MAP) across different ecosystems. In this study we tested the effect of climate (temperature and moisture), litter type and land-use on early stage decomposition (3 months) across nine biomes. We show that litter quality was the predominant controlling factor in early stage litter decomposition, which explained about 65% of the variability in litter decomposition at a global scale. The effect of climate, on the other hand, was not litter specific and explained b0.5% of the variation for Green tea and 5% for Rooibos tea, and was of significance only under unfavorable decomposition conditions (i.e. xeric versus mesic environments).When the data were aggregated at the biome scale, climate played a significant role on decomposition of both litter types (explaining 64% of the variation for Green tea and 72% for Rooibos tea).No significant effect of land-use on early stage litter decompositionwas notedwithin the temperate biome. Our results indicate that multiple drivers are affecting early stage littermass loss with litter quality being dominant. In order to be able to quantify the relative importance of the different drivers over time, long-term studies combined with experimental trials are needed.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Through litter decomposition enormous amounts of carbon is emitted to the atmosphere. Numerous large-scale decomposition experiments have been conducted focusing on this fundamental soil process in order to understand the controls on the terrestrial carbon transfer to the atmosphere. However, previous studies were mostly based on site-specific litter and methodologies, adding major uncertainty to syntheses, comparisons and metaanalyses across different experiments and sites. In the TeaComposition initiative, the potential litter decomposition is investigated by using standardized substrates (Rooibos and Green tea) for comparison of litter mass loss at 336 sites (ranging from −9 to +26 °C MAT and from 60 to 3113mm MAP) across different ecosystems. In this study we tested the effect of climate (temperature and moisture), litter type and land-use on early stage decomposition (3 months) across nine biomes. We show that litter quality was the predominant controlling factor in early stage litter decomposition, which explained about 65% of the variability in litter decomposition at a global scale. The effect of climate, on the other hand, was not litter specific and explained b0.5% of the variation for Green tea and 5% for Rooibos tea, and was of significance only under unfavorable decomposition conditions (i.e. xeric versus mesic environments).When the data were aggregated at the biome scale, climate played a significant role on decomposition of both litter types (explaining 64% of the variation for Green tea and 72% for Rooibos tea).No significant effect of land-use on early stage litter decompositionwas notedwithin the temperate biome. Our results indicate that multiple drivers are affecting early stage littermass loss with litter quality being dominant. In order to be able to quantify the relative importance of the different drivers over time, long-term studies combined with experimental trials are needed. |
Naďo, L; Kašová, M; Krištín, A; Kaňuch, P Cooperative nest‐defence behaviour and territory quality in a resident and socially monogamous passerine Journal Article Ethology, 124 (7), pp. 514-526, 2018, ISSN: 1439-0310. @article{Naďo2018, title = {Cooperative nest‐defence behaviour and territory quality in a resident and socially monogamous passerine}, author = {L. Naďo and M. Kašová and A. Krištín and P. Kaňuch}, doi = {10.1111/eth.12755}, issn = {1439-0310}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Ethology}, volume = {124}, number = {7}, pages = {514-526}, abstract = {Nest defence is a fundamental aspect of parental care in secondary cavity‐nesting birds, and predation or competition for nesting sites can involve different defensive behaviours. Because habitat quality determines breeding success, we were interested in whether breeding pairs of the Eurasian nuthatch, Sitta europaea, established in more favourable environment also manifest higher probability of cooperative behaviour during their nest‐site defence. To explore this relationship, we quantified behavioural displays of both parents and analysed activity budget ethogram data from simulated territorial intrusions performed in the chick‐feeding phase with one conspecific and two different heterospecific stimuli (dummies of nuthatch, starling and woodpecker). We found that paired individuals shared their roles during nest‐site defence to a considerable extent. Males had a significantly higher number of attacks on intruders than females, and females performed more threat displays and controls of the brood than males. Multinomial analysis of the cooperative behaviour suggested that pairs in a high‐quality territory had higher probability of reciprocal substitution of different roles towards a balance between attacks, threat displays and nest controls. Contrary to this, pairs in a low‐quality territory had less likely pairwise combinations of simultaneous behavioural states that are associated with effective nest‐site defence. The difference in response probability according to territory quality was, however, highly variable in view of the stimulus that was used in simulated territorial intrusion. Because individual roles and the complex behavioural repertoire of pairs altered in response to territory quality and potential nest‐site competitor or brood predator, our results suggest that the cooperative nest‐defence behaviour could be linked to the breeding success of this year‐round territorial species living in a heterogeneous forest habitat. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nest defence is a fundamental aspect of parental care in secondary cavity‐nesting birds, and predation or competition for nesting sites can involve different defensive behaviours. Because habitat quality determines breeding success, we were interested in whether breeding pairs of the Eurasian nuthatch, Sitta europaea, established in more favourable environment also manifest higher probability of cooperative behaviour during their nest‐site defence. To explore this relationship, we quantified behavioural displays of both parents and analysed activity budget ethogram data from simulated territorial intrusions performed in the chick‐feeding phase with one conspecific and two different heterospecific stimuli (dummies of nuthatch, starling and woodpecker). We found that paired individuals shared their roles during nest‐site defence to a considerable extent. Males had a significantly higher number of attacks on intruders than females, and females performed more threat displays and controls of the brood than males. Multinomial analysis of the cooperative behaviour suggested that pairs in a high‐quality territory had higher probability of reciprocal substitution of different roles towards a balance between attacks, threat displays and nest controls. Contrary to this, pairs in a low‐quality territory had less likely pairwise combinations of simultaneous behavioural states that are associated with effective nest‐site defence. The difference in response probability according to territory quality was, however, highly variable in view of the stimulus that was used in simulated territorial intrusion. Because individual roles and the complex behavioural repertoire of pairs altered in response to territory quality and potential nest‐site competitor or brood predator, our results suggest that the cooperative nest‐defence behaviour could be linked to the breeding success of this year‐round territorial species living in a heterogeneous forest habitat. |
Pšidová, E; Živčák, M; adn Orlović, Stojnić S S; Gömöry, D; Kučerová, J; Ditmarová, Ľ; Střelcová, K; Brestič, M; Kalaji, H M Altitude of origin influences the responses of PSII photochemistry to heat waves in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Journal Article Environmental and Experimental Botany, 152 , pp. 97-106, 2018, ISSN: 00988472. @article{Pšidová2018, title = {Altitude of origin influences the responses of PSII photochemistry to heat waves in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)}, author = {E. Pšidová and M. Živčák and S. Stojnić adn S. Orlović and D. Gömöry and J. Kučerová and Ľ. Ditmarová and K. Střelcová and M. Brestič and H.M. Kalaji}, doi = {10.1016/j.envexpbot.2017.12.001}, issn = {00988472}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Environmental and Experimental Botany}, volume = {152}, pages = {97-106}, abstract = {The photosynthetic responses to the combined effect of drought and heat stress were studied in leaves of 19-years-old European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees originating from five provenances in Central Europe differing by altitude (55–1250 m), and grown in the same experimental plot. The measurements were conducted at the beginning of heat waves, under two different conditions: during a dry period (middle of July) and after recovery in wetter period, at the beginning of August. The decreases of stomatal conductance (gs) and net photosynthesis rate (ACO2) during drought and heat wave stress were very similar in all provenances. However, we observed distinct response of PSII photochemistry on combined drought and high temperature stress, well associated with altitude of origin of the beech provenances. Measurements of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorescence identified maintenance of a high electron transport rate in beech provenances from high altitudes under drought and heat wave conditions, associated with some decrease of excitation pressure on PSII. This can be explained by enhanced capacity of alternative electron sinks to utilize the excess of electrons as a photoprotective mechanism. The analyses of fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics confirmed the differences in responses of PSII photochemistry between provenances originating from different altitudes. Compared with provenances at higher altitudes, we found more sensitive response (i.e. more limited electron transport at the PSII acceptor side and changes in the size of light harvesting complexes) to drought and heat stress, in those growing at low altitudes. Our results support the hypothesis that the provenances originating from higher altitudes possess enhanced phenotypic plasticity related to photoprotective responses, resulting from the long-term adaptation to marginal mountain conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The photosynthetic responses to the combined effect of drought and heat stress were studied in leaves of 19-years-old European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees originating from five provenances in Central Europe differing by altitude (55–1250 m), and grown in the same experimental plot. The measurements were conducted at the beginning of heat waves, under two different conditions: during a dry period (middle of July) and after recovery in wetter period, at the beginning of August. The decreases of stomatal conductance (gs) and net photosynthesis rate (ACO2) during drought and heat wave stress were very similar in all provenances. However, we observed distinct response of PSII photochemistry on combined drought and high temperature stress, well associated with altitude of origin of the beech provenances. Measurements of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorescence identified maintenance of a high electron transport rate in beech provenances from high altitudes under drought and heat wave conditions, associated with some decrease of excitation pressure on PSII. This can be explained by enhanced capacity of alternative electron sinks to utilize the excess of electrons as a photoprotective mechanism. The analyses of fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics confirmed the differences in responses of PSII photochemistry between provenances originating from different altitudes. Compared with provenances at higher altitudes, we found more sensitive response (i.e. more limited electron transport at the PSII acceptor side and changes in the size of light harvesting complexes) to drought and heat stress, in those growing at low altitudes. Our results support the hypothesis that the provenances originating from higher altitudes possess enhanced phenotypic plasticity related to photoprotective responses, resulting from the long-term adaptation to marginal mountain conditions. |
Kučerová, Jana; Konôpková, Alena; Pšidová, Eva; Kurjak, Daniel; Jamnická, Gabriela; Slugenová, Kristína; Gömöry, Dušan; Ditmarová, Ľubica Adaptive variation in physiological traits of beech provenances in Central Europe Journal Article iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry, 11 (1), pp. 24-31, 2018. @article{adnKonôpková2018, title = {Adaptive variation in physiological traits of beech provenances in Central Europe}, author = {Jana Kučerová and Alena Konôpková and Eva Pšidová and Daniel Kurjak and Gabriela Jamnická and Kristína Slugenová and Dušan Gömöry and Ľubica Ditmarová}, doi = {10.3832/ifor2291-010}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {24-31}, abstract = { Current climate changes can led to a decline of local beech populations fully adapted to previous climate conditions. In this context, the issue of variation in adaptive traits becomes important. A field experiment with 18-year-old trees of Fagus sylvatica L. was conducted on provenance plot located in Tále (Central Slovakia), where physiological responses of five beech provenances originating from contrasting sites along an altitudinal gradient from 55 to 1100 m a.s.l. across the range of the natural beech distribution were studied. Stomatal characteristics, parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange parameters were determined. Overall, we observed a significant increase in physiological performance at the leaf level with increasing altitude of origin. Provenances from the higher altitudes showed higher CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal density, potential conductance indices and photochemical efficiency, and lower capability for dissipation of energy by heat. A similar pattern of response was recorded in relation to the precipitation regime of sites of origin. Moreover, in the context of the temperature regime, several negative trends were observed.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Current climate changes can led to a decline of local beech populations fully adapted to previous climate conditions. In this context, the issue of variation in adaptive traits becomes important. A field experiment with 18-year-old trees of Fagus sylvatica L. was conducted on provenance plot located in Tále (Central Slovakia), where physiological responses of five beech provenances originating from contrasting sites along an altitudinal gradient from 55 to 1100 m a.s.l. across the range of the natural beech distribution were studied. Stomatal characteristics, parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange parameters were determined. Overall, we observed a significant increase in physiological performance at the leaf level with increasing altitude of origin. Provenances from the higher altitudes showed higher CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal density, potential conductance indices and photochemical efficiency, and lower capability for dissipation of energy by heat. A similar pattern of response was recorded in relation to the precipitation regime of sites of origin. Moreover, in the context of the temperature regime, several negative trends were observed. |
Naďo, Ladislav; Kaňuch, Peter Why sampling ratio matters: Logistic regression and studies of habitat use Journal Article PloS ONE, 13 (7), pp. e0200742, 2018. @article{Naďo2018b, title = {Why sampling ratio matters: Logistic regression and studies of habitat use}, author = {Ladislav Naďo and Peter Kaňuch}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/journal.pone_.0200742.pdf}, doi = { https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200742}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {PloS ONE}, volume = {13}, number = {7}, pages = {e0200742}, abstract = {Logistic regression (LR) models are among the most frequently used statistical tools in ecology. With LR one can infer if a species’ habitat use is related to environmental factors and estimate the probability of species occurrence based on the values of these factors. However, studies often use inadequate sampling with regards to the arbitrarily chosen ratio between occupied and unoccupied (or available) locations, and this has a profound effect on the inference and predictive power of LR models. To demonstrate the effect of various sampling strategies/efforts on the quality of LR models, we used a unique census dataset containing all the used roosting cavities of the tree-dwelling bat Nyctalus leisleri and all cavities where the species was absent. We compared models constructed from randomly selected data subsets with varying ratios of occupied and unoccupied cavities (1:1, 1:5, 1:10) with a full dataset model (ratio 1:31). These comparisons revealed that the power of LR models was low when the sampling did not reflect the population ratio of occupied and unoccupied cavities. The use of weights improved the subsampled models. Thus, this study warns against inadequate data sampling and highly encourages a randomized sampling procedure to estimate the true ratio of occupied:unoccupied locations, which can then be used to optimize a manageable sampling effort and apply weights to improve the LR model. Such an approach may provide robust and reliable models suitable for both inference and prediction.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Logistic regression (LR) models are among the most frequently used statistical tools in ecology. With LR one can infer if a species’ habitat use is related to environmental factors and estimate the probability of species occurrence based on the values of these factors. However, studies often use inadequate sampling with regards to the arbitrarily chosen ratio between occupied and unoccupied (or available) locations, and this has a profound effect on the inference and predictive power of LR models. To demonstrate the effect of various sampling strategies/efforts on the quality of LR models, we used a unique census dataset containing all the used roosting cavities of the tree-dwelling bat Nyctalus leisleri and all cavities where the species was absent. We compared models constructed from randomly selected data subsets with varying ratios of occupied and unoccupied cavities (1:1, 1:5, 1:10) with a full dataset model (ratio 1:31). These comparisons revealed that the power of LR models was low when the sampling did not reflect the population ratio of occupied and unoccupied cavities. The use of weights improved the subsampled models. Thus, this study warns against inadequate data sampling and highly encourages a randomized sampling procedure to estimate the true ratio of occupied:unoccupied locations, which can then be used to optimize a manageable sampling effort and apply weights to improve the LR model. Such an approach may provide robust and reliable models suitable for both inference and prediction. |
Ferus, P; Sgherri, C Watermelon leaf antioxidant defence under sea-like water irrigation differs with growth vigour Journal Article Agrochimica, 62 (1), pp. 47-54, 2018. @article{Ferus2018, title = {Watermelon leaf antioxidant defence under sea-like water irrigation differs with growth vigour}, author = {P. Ferus and C. Sgherri}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Agrochimica}, volume = {62}, number = {1}, pages = {47-54}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Kulfan, J; Sarvašová, L; Parák, M; Dzurenko, M; Zach, P Can late flushing trees avoid attack by moth larvae in temperate forests? Journal Article Plant Protection Science, 54 , pp. 272-283, 2018, ISSN: 12122580. @article{Kulfan2018, title = {Can late flushing trees avoid attack by moth larvae in temperate forests?}, author = {J. Kulfan and L. Sarvašová and M. Parák and M. Dzurenko and P. Zach}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.17221/11/2018-PPS}, issn = {12122580}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Plant Protection Science}, volume = {54}, pages = {272-283}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Kipson, M; Šálek, M; Lučan, R; Uhrin, M; Maxinová, E; Bartonička, T; Andreas, M; Kipson, K; Pušić, A; Rnjak, D; Naďo, L; Horáček, Ivan Foraging Habitat, Home-Range Size and Diet of a Mediterranean Bat Species, Savi's Pipistrelle Journal Article Acta Chiropterologica, 20 (2), pp. 351-360, 2018. @article{Kipson2018, title = {Foraging Habitat, Home-Range Size and Diet of a Mediterranean Bat Species, Savi's Pipistrelle}, author = {M. Kipson and M. Šálek and R. Lučan and M. Uhrin and E. Maxinová and T. Bartonička and M. Andreas and K. Kipson and A. Pušić and D. Rnjak and L. Naďo and Ivan Horáček}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Acta Chiropterologica}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, pages = {351-360}, abstract = {The Mediterranean is considered one of the richest biodiversity regions in Europe, and bats contribute to this species richness. Within the last two decades, certain bat species traditionally considered as representatives of the Mediterranean have spread northwards and colonized areas outside this region. In our study, we focused on ecological requirements of one of these bat species, the Savi's pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii). We used radio-telemetry and diet analysis to describe habitat use, home-range size and diet composition of reproductive females of Savi's pipistrelle in the traditional core of its distribution range in the Mediterranean region. Our results indicate that Savi's pipistrelle is able to fly long distances and utilize a wide range of habitats within its home-range, with affinities for particular habitats depending on its reproductive status. In particular, pregnant females favoured rocky pastures and forest areas, followed by meadows and riparian habitat, whereas the affinity for riparian habitat increased in lactating females, followed closely by meadows, forest and rocky pastures. The larger affinity for riparian habitats during lactation might indicate its importance for successful rearing of young, which could be influenced in the future by increasing droughts and water shortage in the Mediterranean region. Nevertheless, based on our radio-telemetry and diet analysis the species shows a high degree of flexibility, as an opportunistic forager that flies across large areas on a nightly basis, which may be a good predisposition for colonizing new areas.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Mediterranean is considered one of the richest biodiversity regions in Europe, and bats contribute to this species richness. Within the last two decades, certain bat species traditionally considered as representatives of the Mediterranean have spread northwards and colonized areas outside this region. In our study, we focused on ecological requirements of one of these bat species, the Savi's pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii). We used radio-telemetry and diet analysis to describe habitat use, home-range size and diet composition of reproductive females of Savi's pipistrelle in the traditional core of its distribution range in the Mediterranean region. Our results indicate that Savi's pipistrelle is able to fly long distances and utilize a wide range of habitats within its home-range, with affinities for particular habitats depending on its reproductive status. In particular, pregnant females favoured rocky pastures and forest areas, followed by meadows and riparian habitat, whereas the affinity for riparian habitat increased in lactating females, followed closely by meadows, forest and rocky pastures. The larger affinity for riparian habitats during lactation might indicate its importance for successful rearing of young, which could be influenced in the future by increasing droughts and water shortage in the Mediterranean region. Nevertheless, based on our radio-telemetry and diet analysis the species shows a high degree of flexibility, as an opportunistic forager that flies across large areas on a nightly basis, which may be a good predisposition for colonizing new areas. |
Mihál, Ivan; Luptáková, Eva K poznaniu mykoflóry dvoch lesných porastov s rôznym zastúpením smreka v CHKO-BR Poľana Journal Article Natura Carpatica, (59), pp. 25-33, 2018, ISBN: 978-80-89093-53-3. @article{Mihál2018, title = {K poznaniu mykoflóry dvoch lesných porastov s rôznym zastúpením smreka v CHKO-BR Poľana}, author = {Ivan Mihál and Eva Luptáková}, isbn = {978-80-89093-53-3}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Natura Carpatica}, number = {59}, pages = {25-33}, abstract = {Celkovo bolo na obidvoch lokalitách determinovaných 173 druhov makromycétov (z toho na lokalite Kozí chrbát 122 a na lokalite Hriňová - Priehalina 92 druhov). Medzi výskytom zaujímavé a vzácnejšie huby môžeme zaradiť askomycétne druhy Ascotremella faginea, Gyromitra infula, Hypomyces lateritius, Sarea resinae, Trichoderma citrinum, T.viride a Xylaria carpophila. Medzi bioindikačné makromycéty prirodzeného lesného prostredia by sme mohli zaradiť druhy Ascotremella faginea, Cortinarius uliginosus, Hydropus subalpinus a Xeromphalia campanella. Výskyt týchto druhov môže indikovať zachovalosť prírodného prostredia a jeho relatívne malú antropogénnu disturbanciu. V obidvoch rôznorodých porastoch s rozdielnym zastúpením smreka obyčajného sme determinovali pomerne vyrovnanú početnosť ektomykoríznych makromycétov, pričom vekovo mladší porast smrekovej monokultúry na lokalite Hriňová – Priehalina vykazoval vyššie hodnoty mykorízneho potenciálu (1,4 oproti hodnote 1,2 na lokalite Kozí chrbát) a hodnoty mykorízneho percenta (70% oproti 37%). Na lokalite Kozí chrbát sa vďaka významnému zastúpeniu buka v poraste vyskytovalo množstvo druhov výskytom viazaných na buk alebo prostredie bukom vytvárané, napr. Ascodichaena rugosa, Ascotremella faginea, Bisporella citrina, Craterellus cornucopioides, Eutypella quaternata, Exidia glandulosa, Kretschmaria deusta, Lactarius piperatus, Mensularia nodulosa, Neonectria coccinea, Panellus stipticus, Plicaturopsis crispa, Stereum hirsutum, Trametes versicolor, Xylaria hypoxylon a iné.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Celkovo bolo na obidvoch lokalitách determinovaných 173 druhov makromycétov (z toho na lokalite Kozí chrbát 122 a na lokalite Hriňová - Priehalina 92 druhov). Medzi výskytom zaujímavé a vzácnejšie huby môžeme zaradiť askomycétne druhy Ascotremella faginea, Gyromitra infula, Hypomyces lateritius, Sarea resinae, Trichoderma citrinum, T.viride a Xylaria carpophila. Medzi bioindikačné makromycéty prirodzeného lesného prostredia by sme mohli zaradiť druhy Ascotremella faginea, Cortinarius uliginosus, Hydropus subalpinus a Xeromphalia campanella. Výskyt týchto druhov môže indikovať zachovalosť prírodného prostredia a jeho relatívne malú antropogénnu disturbanciu. V obidvoch rôznorodých porastoch s rozdielnym zastúpením smreka obyčajného sme determinovali pomerne vyrovnanú početnosť ektomykoríznych makromycétov, pričom vekovo mladší porast smrekovej monokultúry na lokalite Hriňová – Priehalina vykazoval vyššie hodnoty mykorízneho potenciálu (1,4 oproti hodnote 1,2 na lokalite Kozí chrbát) a hodnoty mykorízneho percenta (70% oproti 37%). Na lokalite Kozí chrbát sa vďaka významnému zastúpeniu buka v poraste vyskytovalo množstvo druhov výskytom viazaných na buk alebo prostredie bukom vytvárané, napr. Ascodichaena rugosa, Ascotremella faginea, Bisporella citrina, Craterellus cornucopioides, Eutypella quaternata, Exidia glandulosa, Kretschmaria deusta, Lactarius piperatus, Mensularia nodulosa, Neonectria coccinea, Panellus stipticus, Plicaturopsis crispa, Stereum hirsutum, Trametes versicolor, Xylaria hypoxylon a iné. |
Hnilička, František; Hniličková, Helena; Kukla, Ján; Kejzlar, Tomáš; Kuklová, Margita Analýza energetických bilancí pěstování pěti odrůd řepy [Analysing energy balances of cultivation of five sugar beet varieties] Journal Article Listy cukrovarnické a řepařské, 134 (12), pp. 404-408, 2018. @article{Hnilička2018, title = {Analýza energetických bilancí pěstování pěti odrůd řepy [Analysing energy balances of cultivation of five sugar beet varieties]}, author = {František Hnilička and Helena Hniličková and Ján Kukla and Tomáš Kejzlar and Margita Kuklová}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Listy cukrovarnické a řepařské}, volume = {134}, number = {12}, pages = {404-408}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
JANÍK Rastislav - BUBLINEC, Eduard KUBOV Martin KUKLA SCHIEBER Branislav - - Ján - Soil and Water Research, 13 (3), pp. 139–149, 2018, ISSN: 1801-5395. @article{JANÍK2018, title = {Sulphate contamination, pH and conductivity of forest soils in two neighbouring mountains with different pollution in Slovakia from 1989 to 2013.}, author = {JANÍK, Rastislav - BUBLINEC, Eduard - KUBOV, Martin - KUKLA, Ján - SCHIEBER, Branislav}, url = {https://www.agriculturejournals.cz/web/swr.htm?volume=13&firstPage=129&type=publishedArticle}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.17221/218/2015-SWR}, issn = {1801-5395}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Soil and Water Research}, volume = {13}, number = {3}, pages = {139–149}, abstract = {The Štiavnické vrchy Mts. were strongly affected by pollution mostly from an aluminium plant in 1953–1989. This paper compares contamination of soils between Štiavnické vrchy Mts. and the neighbouring little polluted Kremnické vrchy Mts. from results of a 25-year study. After a decrease of emissions in Slovakia at the beginning of the 1990s the sulphate sulphur content, acidity and conductivity of soil water have decreased only on the surface and at a depth of 0.10 m at the study site in the Štiavnické vrchy Mts. At the depth 0.25 m the increase of sulphurization (23.68 kg/ha S-SO4 2– per year) and acidity (pH 4.92) was observed. During the research, the total sulphate sulphur influx to this soil depth was 568.3 kg/ha. The average sulphur input in the study areas of the Kremnické vrchy Mts. decreased with depth: from 18.48 kg/ha/year in the surface humus to 6.85 kg/ha/year at a depth of 0.25 m. The maximum sulphur influx at the open plot was 24.06 kg/ha/year and in total 553.34 kg S-SO4 2–. A small increase of acidity at soil depths of 0.25 m at some sites was observed also in the Kremnické vrchy Mts. Regression analysis revealed a statistically significant influence of sulphate sulphur content in the atmospheric precipitation on the sulphur amount in the soil water. A significant correlation was also observed between the precipitation amount and the sulphur content in soil water. Data from monitoring revealed significant differences between the sulphur amounts at depths of 0.10 m and 0.25 m in these study areas.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The Štiavnické vrchy Mts. were strongly affected by pollution mostly from an aluminium plant in 1953–1989. This paper compares contamination of soils between Štiavnické vrchy Mts. and the neighbouring little polluted Kremnické vrchy Mts. from results of a 25-year study. After a decrease of emissions in Slovakia at the beginning of the 1990s the sulphate sulphur content, acidity and conductivity of soil water have decreased only on the surface and at a depth of 0.10 m at the study site in the Štiavnické vrchy Mts. At the depth 0.25 m the increase of sulphurization (23.68 kg/ha S-SO4 2– per year) and acidity (pH 4.92) was observed. During the research, the total sulphate sulphur influx to this soil depth was 568.3 kg/ha. The average sulphur input in the study areas of the Kremnické vrchy Mts. decreased with depth: from 18.48 kg/ha/year in the surface humus to 6.85 kg/ha/year at a depth of 0.25 m. The maximum sulphur influx at the open plot was 24.06 kg/ha/year and in total 553.34 kg S-SO4 2–. A small increase of acidity at soil depths of 0.25 m at some sites was observed also in the Kremnické vrchy Mts. Regression analysis revealed a statistically significant influence of sulphate sulphur content in the atmospheric precipitation on the sulphur amount in the soil water. A significant correlation was also observed between the precipitation amount and the sulphur content in soil water. Data from monitoring revealed significant differences between the sulphur amounts at depths of 0.10 m and 0.25 m in these study areas. |
Konôpková, Alena; Kurjak, Daniel; Kmeť, Jaroslav; Klumpp, Raphael; Longauer, Roman; Ditmarová, Ľubica; Gömöry, Dušan Differences in photochemistry and response to heat stress between silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances Journal Article Trees-Structure and Function, 32 (1), pp. 73-76, 2018, ISSN: 0931-1890. @article{Konôpková2018b, title = {Differences in photochemistry and response to heat stress between silver fir (\textit{Abies alba} Mill.) provenances}, author = {Alena Konôpková and Daniel Kurjak and Jaroslav Kmeť and Raphael Klumpp and Roman Longauer and Ľubica Ditmarová and Dušan Gömöry }, doi = {10.1007/s00468-017-1612-9}, issn = {0931-1890}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Trees-Structure and Function}, volume = {32}, number = {1}, pages = {73-76}, abstract = {Forest ecosystems are frequently exposed to heat stress, which adversely affects their growth, performance, and ultimately survival. The knowledge of physiological responses to heat can help mitigate the effects of climate change by facilitating the choosing of suitable reproductive material for future reforestation programs. However, the intraspecific variation of adaptive traits, including the response to heat, has not been well documented. Therefore, we attempted to determine how PSII photochemistry of different silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances varies in responses to heat stress and to reveal if intraspecific variation in PSII performance and thermostability is more affected by the climate of provenance origin or the plantation site. We tested 17 fir provenances sampled at two contrasting international provenance trial sites: Hertník in Slovakia (390 m a.s.l.) and Kaprun in Austria (1100 m a.s.l.). Short-term heat stress was simulated for seven temperatures ranging from 20 to 51 °C using a water bath. The PSII thermotolerance was assessed via parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence derived from the OKJIP transient. We observed several climatic variables of the provenances that significantly affected the photochemistry performance and thermostability of PSII, reflecting an additive hereditary basis. Almost all measured parameters varied significantly between trial plots and showed significant trial-by-provenance interactions pointing to acclimation triggered by the different conditions at the trial plots. Overall, the performance of PSII under non-stressing conditions and after heat treatment was better for provenances growing at the warmer trial site at Hertník.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Forest ecosystems are frequently exposed to heat stress, which adversely affects their growth, performance, and ultimately survival. The knowledge of physiological responses to heat can help mitigate the effects of climate change by facilitating the choosing of suitable reproductive material for future reforestation programs. However, the intraspecific variation of adaptive traits, including the response to heat, has not been well documented. Therefore, we attempted to determine how PSII photochemistry of different silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances varies in responses to heat stress and to reveal if intraspecific variation in PSII performance and thermostability is more affected by the climate of provenance origin or the plantation site. We tested 17 fir provenances sampled at two contrasting international provenance trial sites: Hertník in Slovakia (390 m a.s.l.) and Kaprun in Austria (1100 m a.s.l.). Short-term heat stress was simulated for seven temperatures ranging from 20 to 51 °C using a water bath. The PSII thermotolerance was assessed via parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence derived from the OKJIP transient. We observed several climatic variables of the provenances that significantly affected the photochemistry performance and thermostability of PSII, reflecting an additive hereditary basis. Almost all measured parameters varied significantly between trial plots and showed significant trial-by-provenance interactions pointing to acclimation triggered by the different conditions at the trial plots. Overall, the performance of PSII under non-stressing conditions and after heat treatment was better for provenances growing at the warmer trial site at Hertník. |
Hrivnák, Richard; Slezák, Michal; Marhold, Karol Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati, a new plant community in Slovakia Journal Article Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 87 (3), pp. 1-10, 2018, ISSN: 0001-6977. @article{Hrivnák2018, title = {Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati, a new plant community in Slovakia}, author = {Richard Hrivnák and Michal Slezák and Karol Marhold}, doi = {10.5586/asbp.3587}, issn = {0001-6977}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae}, volume = {87}, number = {3}, pages = {1-10}, abstract = {Vegetation with high coverage by the alien species Mimulus guttatus was studied in the hilly regions of central Slovakia in 2015 and 2016. The floristic composition of these stands was recorded in ten phytosociological relevés corresponding to the Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati (alliance Glycerio-Sparganion) association. This association was reported for the first time in Slovakia in this study. This association was found to be closed or almost closed (mean coverage value of herb layer = 92%) and formed relatively species-rich stands (15 species per relevé), usually in narrow and small patches along the upper parts of streams and their spring areas in uplands at altitudes from 561 to 1,048 m. Localities with the Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati association were characterized by typical mountain climates, with both relatively low mean annual air temperature (5.5°C) and high mean annual precipitation (885 mm). While water temperature (~13°C) of these habitats varied considerably among streams (7.4–19.9°C), their herbaceous vegetation preferred neutral to slightly alkaline water (pH = 6.1–7.5) with low amounts of soluble mineral matter (~72.6 μS cm−1). This kind of vegetation was most often developed on sites with coarser sediments (stone, gravel, and sand) formed from crystalline bedrock. A comparison of vegetation data of the Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati association across Central Europe demonstrated considerable floristic variability among regions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Vegetation with high coverage by the alien species Mimulus guttatus was studied in the hilly regions of central Slovakia in 2015 and 2016. The floristic composition of these stands was recorded in ten phytosociological relevés corresponding to the Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati (alliance Glycerio-Sparganion) association. This association was reported for the first time in Slovakia in this study. This association was found to be closed or almost closed (mean coverage value of herb layer = 92%) and formed relatively species-rich stands (15 species per relevé), usually in narrow and small patches along the upper parts of streams and their spring areas in uplands at altitudes from 561 to 1,048 m. Localities with the Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati association were characterized by typical mountain climates, with both relatively low mean annual air temperature (5.5°C) and high mean annual precipitation (885 mm). While water temperature (~13°C) of these habitats varied considerably among streams (7.4–19.9°C), their herbaceous vegetation preferred neutral to slightly alkaline water (pH = 6.1–7.5) with low amounts of soluble mineral matter (~72.6 μS cm−1). This kind of vegetation was most often developed on sites with coarser sediments (stone, gravel, and sand) formed from crystalline bedrock. A comparison of vegetation data of the Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati association across Central Europe demonstrated considerable floristic variability among regions. |
Holecová, Milada; *, Peter Zach; Hollá, Katarína; Šebestová, Miroslava; Klesniaková, Mária; Šestáková, Anna; Honěk, Alois; Nedvěd, Oldřich; Parák, Michal; Martinková, Zdenka; Holec, Juraj; Viglášová, Sandra; Brown, Peter M J; Roy, Helen E; Kulfan, Ján Overwintering of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Scots pine in Central Europe Journal Article European Journal of Entomology, 115 , pp. 658-667, 2018, ISSN: 1210-5759. @article{Holecová2018, title = {Overwintering of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Scots pine in Central Europe}, author = {Milada Holecová and Peter Zach * and Katarína Hollá and Miroslava Šebestová and Mária Klesniaková and Anna Šestáková and Alois Honěk and Oldřich Nedvěd and Michal Parák and Zdenka Martinková and Juraj Holec and Sandra Viglášová and Peter M.J. Brown and Helen E. Roy and Ján Kulfan}, doi = {10.14411/eje.2018.065}, issn = {1210-5759}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {European Journal of Entomology}, volume = {115}, pages = {658-667}, abstract = {We surveyed ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in 10 stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), all monoculture stands 5-100 years old, in western Slovakia, Central Europe, over two successive periods, October 2013 - March 2014 and October 2014 - March 2015. The winter in each period was exceptionally mild. Ladybirds were collected from the lower branches of pine trees using beating trays and were present in 61% of the 1040 samples (one sample containing ladybirds from 20 branches, 1 m long each). In total 3965 individuals of 20 species were recorded. Non-conifer dwelling species associated with broadleaved trees or herbaceous plants prevailed (45% of species), followed by conifer specialists (40%) and generalists (15%). Although 13 species were found at least in one winter month, December, January or February, only four of them, Exochomus quadripustulatus, Coccinella septempunctata, Harmonia axyridis and Hippodamia variegata, were recorded continually during both winters. The number of species, the abundance of all ladybirds and the abundance of dominant species (E. quadripustulatus, C. septempunctata and H. axyridis) decreased from late autumn towards winter and remained lowest during this most adverse time of the year for ladybirds. Overwintering species assemblages of ladybirds changed over time and varied with age of pine stand. Our results suggest that Scots pine in Central Europe supports species rich assemblages of ladybirds from late autumn to early spring and, being widely distributed, it could be suited to winter surveying of ladybirds at large spatial scales to reveal behavioural and ecological responses of species to changing weather or different climates.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We surveyed ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in 10 stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), all monoculture stands 5-100 years old, in western Slovakia, Central Europe, over two successive periods, October 2013 - March 2014 and October 2014 - March 2015. The winter in each period was exceptionally mild. Ladybirds were collected from the lower branches of pine trees using beating trays and were present in 61% of the 1040 samples (one sample containing ladybirds from 20 branches, 1 m long each). In total 3965 individuals of 20 species were recorded. Non-conifer dwelling species associated with broadleaved trees or herbaceous plants prevailed (45% of species), followed by conifer specialists (40%) and generalists (15%). Although 13 species were found at least in one winter month, December, January or February, only four of them, Exochomus quadripustulatus, Coccinella septempunctata, Harmonia axyridis and Hippodamia variegata, were recorded continually during both winters. The number of species, the abundance of all ladybirds and the abundance of dominant species (E. quadripustulatus, C. septempunctata and H. axyridis) decreased from late autumn towards winter and remained lowest during this most adverse time of the year for ladybirds. Overwintering species assemblages of ladybirds changed over time and varied with age of pine stand. Our results suggest that Scots pine in Central Europe supports species rich assemblages of ladybirds from late autumn to early spring and, being widely distributed, it could be suited to winter surveying of ladybirds at large spatial scales to reveal behavioural and ecological responses of species to changing weather or different climates. |
Hricáková, Nikola; Medo, Juraj; Hleba, Lukáš; Barta, Marek; Maková, Jana Use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in rapid identification of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria pseudobassiana Journal Article Journal of Central European Agriculture, 19 (2), pp. 394-407, 2018, ISSN: 1332-9049. @article{Hricáková2018, title = {Use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in rapid identification of \textit{Beauveria bassiana} and \textit{Beauveria pseudobassiana}}, author = {Nikola Hricáková and Juraj Medo and Lukáš Hleba and Marek Barta and Jana Maková}, doi = {10.5513/JCEA01/19.2.2151}, issn = {1332-9049}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Central European Agriculture}, volume = {19}, number = {2}, pages = {394-407}, abstract = {Species of the genus Beauveria are entomopathogenic fungi used in biological control to protect against insect pests. Identification of species is based on observation of morphological, phylogenetic and genetic differences. Currently, MALDI-TOF (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization- Time of Flight) mass spectrometry is often used in microbial diagnostic but identification of Beauveria species has not been tested before. The aim of this work was the possibilities of this method and to compare it with genetic analysis. Twenty strains of B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana isolated from insect cadavers, mycoinsecticides and soil samples were used. Sequences of ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region were used for genetic identification of strains. Sequences and results from protein analysis of isolates were compared with the reference strains of B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana. Results of MALDI Biotyper softvare identification were correct for all strains. Identification was reliable with high log score (>2.1) for most of strains. Score value less than 1 was observed only in a single case - strain GHA isolated from mycoinsecticide Botanigard.The result of both analyses was also dendrogram (phylogenetic tree) which showed high degree of result consistence. MALDI-TOF identification of fungi from Beauveria genus is usable for fast and reliable identification of entomopathogenic fungi isolates acquired from environment and results can be utilized in conservation biocontrol strategies in agriculture and forest ecosystems.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Species of the genus Beauveria are entomopathogenic fungi used in biological control to protect against insect pests. Identification of species is based on observation of morphological, phylogenetic and genetic differences. Currently, MALDI-TOF (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization- Time of Flight) mass spectrometry is often used in microbial diagnostic but identification of Beauveria species has not been tested before. The aim of this work was the possibilities of this method and to compare it with genetic analysis. Twenty strains of B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana isolated from insect cadavers, mycoinsecticides and soil samples were used. Sequences of ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region were used for genetic identification of strains. Sequences and results from protein analysis of isolates were compared with the reference strains of B. bassiana and B. pseudobassiana. Results of MALDI Biotyper softvare identification were correct for all strains. Identification was reliable with high log score (>2.1) for most of strains. Score value less than 1 was observed only in a single case - strain GHA isolated from mycoinsecticide Botanigard.The result of both analyses was also dendrogram (phylogenetic tree) which showed high degree of result consistence. MALDI-TOF identification of fungi from Beauveria genus is usable for fast and reliable identification of entomopathogenic fungi isolates acquired from environment and results can be utilized in conservation biocontrol strategies in agriculture and forest ecosystems. |
Ivanová, Helena; Onderková, Anna; Pristaš, Peter Sordaria fimicola-like ascomycete isolated from Pinus coulteri needles in Slovakia Journal Article Biologia, 73 (6), pp. 553-559, 2018, ISSN: ISSN 0006-3088. @article{Ivanová2018, title = {Sordaria fimicola-like ascomycete isolated from Pinus coulteri needles in Slovakia}, author = {Helena Ivanová and Anna Onderková and Peter Pristaš}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-018-0071-0}, issn = {ISSN 0006-3088}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-00-00}, journal = {Biologia}, volume = {73}, number = {6}, pages = {553-559}, abstract = {This is the first report of Sordaria fimicola-like ascomycete which was encountered during a diversity study of injured tissues of coulter pine in Slovakia. The fungus was identified as Sordaria fimicola by morphological analyses. Sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) showed that the fungus is highly related to the ITS sequences of several S. fimicola isolates documenting wide ecological valence and geographical distribution of S. fimicola-like ascomycetes}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This is the first report of Sordaria fimicola-like ascomycete which was encountered during a diversity study of injured tissues of coulter pine in Slovakia. The fungus was identified as Sordaria fimicola by morphological analyses. Sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) showed that the fungus is highly related to the ITS sequences of several S. fimicola isolates documenting wide ecological valence and geographical distribution of S. fimicola-like ascomycetes |
2017 |
Pastirčák, M; Pastirčáková, K Hypoderma rubi on two new hosts in Slovakia Journal Article Mycotaxon, 132 (4), pp. 849–855, 2017, ISSN: 0093-4666. @article{Pastirčák30.1, title = {\textit{Hypoderma rubi} on two new hosts in Slovakia}, author = {M. Pastirčák and K. Pastirčáková}, doi = {10.5248/132.849}, issn = {0093-4666}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-12-30}, journal = {Mycotaxon}, volume = {132}, number = {4}, pages = {849–855}, abstract = {Hypoderma rubi was found on the previous year’s fallen petioles of Fraxinus chinensis subsp. rhynchophylla and on attached dead twigs of Rhododendron fortunei in Slovakia. The fungus, which is recorded for the first time on these host taxa, also represents a new taxon for the Slovak mycota. The morphological characteristics of the fungus found on Slovak collections are described.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Hypoderma rubi was found on the previous year’s fallen petioles of Fraxinus chinensis subsp. rhynchophylla and on attached dead twigs of Rhododendron fortunei in Slovakia. The fungus, which is recorded for the first time on these host taxa, also represents a new taxon for the Slovak mycota. The morphological characteristics of the fungus found on Slovak collections are described. |
Jančovičová, S; Adamčík, S; Looney, B P; Caboň, M; Čaplovičová, M; Kopáni, M; Pennycook, S R; Adamčíková, K Delimitation of European Crepidotus stenocystis as different from the North American species C. brunnescens (Crepidotaceae, Agariccales) Journal Article Phytotaxa, 328 (2), pp. 127-139, 2017, ISSN: 1179-3163. @article{Jančovičová2017, title = {Delimitation of European Crepidotus stenocystis as different from the North American species C. brunnescens (Crepidotaceae, Agariccales)}, author = {S. Jančovičová and S. Adamčík and B.P. Looney and M. Caboň and M. Čaplovičová and M. Kopáni and S.R. Pennycook and K. Adamčíková}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.3}, issn = {1179-3163}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-11-17}, journal = {Phytotaxa}, volume = {328}, number = {2}, pages = {127-139}, abstract = {Crepidotus stenocystis and C. brunnescens are morphologically similar species defined by globose to subglobose spores, the presence of clamp connections in all tissues and bottle-like or flask-like cheilocystidia. They are also similar in the pileal aspect which is hygrophanous, glabrous or white-fibrillose, at first white but becoming brownish with age. Each are described from separate continents and have only been reported from their respective continents, C. stenocystis from Europe and C. brunnescens from North America. The phylogenetic analysis of IT S and LSU nrDNA regions from original type material confirms the existence of two distinct species, C. brunnescens that is more closely related to C. malachioides, and C. stenocystis that is more closely related to C. applanatus. Crepidotus stenocystis differs from C. brunnescens by its more prominent spore ornamentation and longer cheilocystidia that are frequently narrowly utriform. Based on the studied material and published data, it seems that C. stenocystis is distributed throughout all of Europe and does not occur in North America, whereas C. brunnescens is only known from Michigan in the USA.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Crepidotus stenocystis and C. brunnescens are morphologically similar species defined by globose to subglobose spores, the presence of clamp connections in all tissues and bottle-like or flask-like cheilocystidia. They are also similar in the pileal aspect which is hygrophanous, glabrous or white-fibrillose, at first white but becoming brownish with age. Each are described from separate continents and have only been reported from their respective continents, C. stenocystis from Europe and C. brunnescens from North America. The phylogenetic analysis of IT S and LSU nrDNA regions from original type material confirms the existence of two distinct species, C. brunnescens that is more closely related to C. malachioides, and C. stenocystis that is more closely related to C. applanatus. Crepidotus stenocystis differs from C. brunnescens by its more prominent spore ornamentation and longer cheilocystidia that are frequently narrowly utriform. Based on the studied material and published data, it seems that C. stenocystis is distributed throughout all of Europe and does not occur in North America, whereas C. brunnescens is only known from Michigan in the USA. |
Demko, Jaroslav; Machava, Ján; Saniga, Miroslav Energy production analysis of Common Reed – Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 44 (2), pp. 107-113, 2017, ISSN: 1336-5266. @article{Demko2017b, title = {Energy production analysis of Common Reed – \textit{Phragmites australis} (Cav.) Trin.}, author = {Jaroslav Demko and Ján Machava and Miroslav Saniga}, doi = {10.1515/foecol-2017-0013}, issn = {1336-5266}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-11-10}, journal = {Folia Oecologica}, volume = {44}, number = {2}, pages = {107-113}, abstract = {Slovakia is acountry with limited natural resources, therefore its essential task is to search for new renewable sources of energy to reduce its dependence on imported fossil fuels. The results of research confirmed that the Common Reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin.) has considerable potential of phytomass production and energy storage (calorific value reached 17,448 J g−1 d.w.). Biomass production of Common Reed under natural conditions of the lower Liptov region reached 12.702 tons of a dry mater per hectare with the calculated energy storage of 221.622 GJ ha−1. The average biogas production was 351.31 l kg−1 of a dry matter of which the methane (CH4) content represents 185.21 l kg−1 (52.72%). With regards to the values of combustion heat, a calorific value and the production of methane it can also be noted that in case of Common Reed it is more profitable to focus on direct combustion of biomass than the production of biogas and methane.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Slovakia is acountry with limited natural resources, therefore its essential task is to search for new renewable sources of energy to reduce its dependence on imported fossil fuels. The results of research confirmed that the Common Reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin.) has considerable potential of phytomass production and energy storage (calorific value reached 17,448 J g−1 d.w.). Biomass production of Common Reed under natural conditions of the lower Liptov region reached 12.702 tons of a dry mater per hectare with the calculated energy storage of 221.622 GJ ha−1. The average biogas production was 351.31 l kg−1 of a dry matter of which the methane (CH4) content represents 185.21 l kg−1 (52.72%). With regards to the values of combustion heat, a calorific value and the production of methane it can also be noted that in case of Common Reed it is more profitable to focus on direct combustion of biomass than the production of biogas and methane. |
Schieber, B; Kubov, M; Janík, R Polish Journal of Ecology, 65 (3), pp. 339-351, 2017, ISSN: 2450-1395. @article{B.2017, title = {Effects of climate warming on vegetative phenology of the common beech Fagus sylvatica in a submontane forest of the Western Carpathians: two-decade analysis}, author = {B. Schieber and M. Kubov and R. Janík}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.3161/15052249PJE2017.65.3.003}, doi = {10.3161/15052249PJE2017.65.3.003}, issn = {2450-1395}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-11-01}, journal = {Polish Journal of Ecology}, volume = {65}, number = {3}, pages = {339-351}, abstract = {The paper examines the results of phenological research on common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) during a period of 21 years (1995–2015) in the submontane beech forest of central Slovakia (Inner Western Carpathians). We focused on bud-burst, leaf unfolding and leaf colouring. Temporal analysis indicated that the mean monthly air temperature increased, especially from April to August. An extraordinary increase of air temperature in March and April, mostly in the last decade, was detected. The precipitation from May to August varied considerably, but in the range of the long-term mean value. During the study period, the mean/earliest/latest onset of the bud-burst of common beech was observed on the 110th /101st/120th day of the year (DOY), respectively. As for leaf unfolding 10% and 50% (LU 10 and LU 50), we found the mean/earliest/latest onset on the 114th/103rd/122nd DOY and on the 118th/108th/124th DOY, respectively. The mean/earliest/latest onset of leaf colouring 10% (LC 10) and 50% (LC 50) started on the 272nd/262nd/288th DOY and on 286th/276 th/298th, respectively. A medium degree of negative correlation (r = -0.68, P < 0.05) was found between air temperature and spring plant development (LU 50). In contrast, for both the cumulative temperature and precipitation, we found very low correlation with autumnal leaf phenology (r ≤ 0.3, P > 0.05). The vegetation period of the examined tree species lasted for 168 days on average (min/max were 155/183 days). Trend analysis revealed an earlier onset of spring phenophases by 7 days/2 decades. Conversely, a delay of autumnal phenophases by 9 days was recorded, so the vegetation period of beech extended by more than two weeks during the study period.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The paper examines the results of phenological research on common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) during a period of 21 years (1995–2015) in the submontane beech forest of central Slovakia (Inner Western Carpathians). We focused on bud-burst, leaf unfolding and leaf colouring. Temporal analysis indicated that the mean monthly air temperature increased, especially from April to August. An extraordinary increase of air temperature in March and April, mostly in the last decade, was detected. The precipitation from May to August varied considerably, but in the range of the long-term mean value. During the study period, the mean/earliest/latest onset of the bud-burst of common beech was observed on the 110th /101st/120th day of the year (DOY), respectively. As for leaf unfolding 10% and 50% (LU 10 and LU 50), we found the mean/earliest/latest onset on the 114th/103rd/122nd DOY and on the 118th/108th/124th DOY, respectively. The mean/earliest/latest onset of leaf colouring 10% (LC 10) and 50% (LC 50) started on the 272nd/262nd/288th DOY and on 286th/276 th/298th, respectively. A medium degree of negative correlation (r = -0.68, P < 0.05) was found between air temperature and spring plant development (LU 50). In contrast, for both the cumulative temperature and precipitation, we found very low correlation with autumnal leaf phenology (r ≤ 0.3, P > 0.05). The vegetation period of the examined tree species lasted for 168 days on average (min/max were 155/183 days). Trend analysis revealed an earlier onset of spring phenophases by 7 days/2 decades. Conversely, a delay of autumnal phenophases by 9 days was recorded, so the vegetation period of beech extended by more than two weeks during the study period. |
Hrivnák, Richard; Slezák, Michal Two interesting wetland plant communities from the Ipeľ River inundation area, including the first record of Elatinetum alsinastrum in Slovakia Journal Article Thaiszia, 27 (2), pp. 73-82, 2017, ISSN: 1210-0420. @article{Hrivnák2017, title = {Two interesting wetland plant communities from the Ipeľ River inundation area, including the first record of Elatinetum alsinastrum in Slovakia}, author = {Richard Hrivnák and Michal Slezák}, issn = {1210-0420}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-10-01}, journal = {Thaiszia}, volume = {27}, number = {2}, pages = {73-82}, abstract = {Two plant communities, Eleochareto acicularis-Schoenoplectetum supini and Elatinetum alsinastrum were recorded in the temporary field pools in the Ipeľ River inundation area (south-central part of Slovakia). Sandy soils with neutral to slightly alkaline reaction and low values of conductivity were typical for moderately closed, low and species poor to moderately richstands with the dominance of Schoenoplectus supinus. On the contrary, species poor and open stands with Elatine alsinastrum dominance grew in shallow alkaline water with high conductivity. This community is documented in Slovakia for the first time.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Two plant communities, Eleochareto acicularis-Schoenoplectetum supini and Elatinetum alsinastrum were recorded in the temporary field pools in the Ipeľ River inundation area (south-central part of Slovakia). Sandy soils with neutral to slightly alkaline reaction and low values of conductivity were typical for moderately closed, low and species poor to moderately richstands with the dominance of Schoenoplectus supinus. On the contrary, species poor and open stands with Elatine alsinastrum dominance grew in shallow alkaline water with high conductivity. This community is documented in Slovakia for the first time. |
Mezei, Pavel; Blaženec, Miroslav; Grodzki, Wojciech; Škvarenina, Jaroslav; Jakuš, Rastislav Influence of different forest protection strategies on spruce tree mortality during a bark beetle outbreak Journal Article Annals of Forest Science, 74 , 2017, ISSN: 1297-966X. @article{Mezei2017b, title = {Influence of different forest protection strategies on spruce tree mortality during a bark beetle outbreak}, author = {Pavel Mezei and Miroslav Blaženec and Wojciech Grodzki and Jaroslav Škvarenina and Rastislav Jakuš}, url = {http://rdcu.be/wnGe}, doi = {doi.org/10.1007/s13595-017-0663-9}, issn = {1297-966X}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-09-27}, journal = {Annals of Forest Science}, volume = {74}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Černecká, Ľudmila; Mihál, Ivan; Jarčuška, Benjamín Response of ground-dwelling harvestman assemblages (Arachnida: Opiliones) to European beech forest canopy cover Journal Article European Journal of Entomology, (114), pp. 334-342, 2017. @article{Černecká2017b, title = {Response of ground-dwelling harvestman assemblages (Arachnida: Opiliones) to European beech forest canopy cover}, author = {Ľudmila Černecká and Ivan Mihál and Benjamín Jarčuška}, url = {https://www.eje.cz/pdfs/eje/2017/01/42.pdf}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-07-24}, journal = {European Journal of Entomology}, number = {114}, pages = {334-342}, abstract = {We studied the effects of the overstory canopy cover on ground-dwelling harvestmen communities in European beech forests in the Western Carpathian Mts. We analyzed the differences in species richness, abundance and composition in two tree canopy cover categories (closed and open canopy). Overall, 1765 individuals belonging to 16 species were caught using pitfall traps. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that under both closed and open canopies a similar absolute and rarefi ed species richness and number of individuals (standardized to 100 pitfall trap days) were caught, and that both species richness and abundance were affected by the season (i.e., time of trap replacement); yet the total number of individuals trapped was more than two times greater under the open canopy than under the closed canopy. Despite the subtle differences in the taxonomic composition of the catches under the open and closed canopies revealed by DCA followed by RDA, the composition of ground dwelling harvestmen assemblages differed under the two canopy covers. The open canopy was more suitable for heliophilic, xerothermic eurytopic harvestmen species typical for open and ecotonal habitats, such as Egaenus convexus (C.L. Koch) and Oligolophus tridens (C.L. Koch) but still suitable for hemihygrophilic Lophopilio palpinalis (Herbst). The closed canopy stands were preferred by shade-tolerant, hygrophilic eurytopic harvestmen species, such as Trogulus sp. Latreille, Dicranolasma scabrum (Herbst) and Platybunus bucephalus (C.L. Koch). Our results highlight the importance of intra habitat heterogeneity of a harvestmen community.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We studied the effects of the overstory canopy cover on ground-dwelling harvestmen communities in European beech forests in the Western Carpathian Mts. We analyzed the differences in species richness, abundance and composition in two tree canopy cover categories (closed and open canopy). Overall, 1765 individuals belonging to 16 species were caught using pitfall traps. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that under both closed and open canopies a similar absolute and rarefi ed species richness and number of individuals (standardized to 100 pitfall trap days) were caught, and that both species richness and abundance were affected by the season (i.e., time of trap replacement); yet the total number of individuals trapped was more than two times greater under the open canopy than under the closed canopy. Despite the subtle differences in the taxonomic composition of the catches under the open and closed canopies revealed by DCA followed by RDA, the composition of ground dwelling harvestmen assemblages differed under the two canopy covers. The open canopy was more suitable for heliophilic, xerothermic eurytopic harvestmen species typical for open and ecotonal habitats, such as Egaenus convexus (C.L. Koch) and Oligolophus tridens (C.L. Koch) but still suitable for hemihygrophilic Lophopilio palpinalis (Herbst). The closed canopy stands were preferred by shade-tolerant, hygrophilic eurytopic harvestmen species, such as Trogulus sp. Latreille, Dicranolasma scabrum (Herbst) and Platybunus bucephalus (C.L. Koch). Our results highlight the importance of intra habitat heterogeneity of a harvestmen community. |
Takasuka, Keizo; Korenko, Stanislav; Kysilková, Kristýna; Štefánik, Martin; Černecká, Ľudmila; Mihál, Ivan; Dolejš, Petr; Holý, Kamil Zoologischer Anzeiger, (267), pp. 8-14, 2017. @article{Takasuka2017, title = {Host utilization of koinobiont spider-ectoparasitoids (Ichneumonidae,Ephialtini, Polysphincta genus-group) associated with Cyclosa spp.(Araneae, Araneidae) across the Palaearctic}, author = {Keizo Takasuka and Stanislav Korenko and Kristýna Kysilková and Martin Štefánik and Ľudmila Černecká and Ivan Mihál and Petr Dolejš and Kamil Holý }, url = {https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0044523117300013/1-s2.0-S0044523117300013-main.pdf?_tid=a81d29fb-5c6a-4715-bcd8-30c822088c65&acdnat=1549019163_c3ee88daccc8b0f2f673b9369a4990a3}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-07-11}, journal = {Zoologischer Anzeiger}, number = {267}, pages = {8-14}, abstract = {Most parasitoid wasps establish close interactions with their host taxa, and polysphinctines (ichneu-monid koinobiont spider-ectoparasitoids) are no exception. Two polysphinctines, Zatypota picticollis andReclinervellus nielseni, are, respectively, partial and exclusive parasitoids of Cyclosa spp. (Araneidae),which build an orb web with web decoration. The main aim was to investigate the host associationof these wasps, including the behavioural alteration of spider hosts across two sides of the Palaearctic(Central Europe vs. Japan).R. nielseni was associated with relatively common local species of Cyclosa both in Europe (C. conica),sharing these with Z. picticollis, and in Japan (C. argenteoalba). We also found a new alternative host spider,Cyclosa laticauda, in Japan.Host web alterations were observed in all parasitoid-spider interrelationships. The alteration patternsof the two polysphinctines have a similar constructional plan that exploits pre-existing frame linesfor the cocoon webs; however, they differ partially in their radii, which are either straight or zigzagshaped and in hub loops present or absent. This indicates that certain differences in the neurophysio-logic changes in the spider host occur depending on the parasitoids. The fluffy decoration induced in C.argenteoalba manipulated by R. nielseni was not found in C. conica or C. laticauda, probably because of itsnon-innateness.The cocoons of R. nielseni had four conspicuous long ribs making the cocoon quadrate in cross-section regardless of the host spider species or region; such ribs do not appear in two co-generic species.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Most parasitoid wasps establish close interactions with their host taxa, and polysphinctines (ichneu-monid koinobiont spider-ectoparasitoids) are no exception. Two polysphinctines, Zatypota picticollis andReclinervellus nielseni, are, respectively, partial and exclusive parasitoids of Cyclosa spp. (Araneidae),which build an orb web with web decoration. The main aim was to investigate the host associationof these wasps, including the behavioural alteration of spider hosts across two sides of the Palaearctic(Central Europe vs. Japan).R. nielseni was associated with relatively common local species of Cyclosa both in Europe (C. conica),sharing these with Z. picticollis, and in Japan (C. argenteoalba). We also found a new alternative host spider,Cyclosa laticauda, in Japan.Host web alterations were observed in all parasitoid-spider interrelationships. The alteration patternsof the two polysphinctines have a similar constructional plan that exploits pre-existing frame linesfor the cocoon webs; however, they differ partially in their radii, which are either straight or zigzagshaped and in hub loops present or absent. This indicates that certain differences in the neurophysio-logic changes in the spider host occur depending on the parasitoids. The fluffy decoration induced in C.argenteoalba manipulated by R. nielseni was not found in C. conica or C. laticauda, probably because of itsnon-innateness.The cocoons of R. nielseni had four conspicuous long ribs making the cocoon quadrate in cross-section regardless of the host spider species or region; such ribs do not appear in two co-generic species. |
Adamčík, S; Jančovičová, S; Looney, B P; Adamčíková, K; Griffith, G W; Læssøe, T; Moreau, P A; Vizzini, A; Matheny, P B Hodophilus (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) species with dark dots on the stipe: more than one species in Europe Journal Article Mycological Progress, 16 (8), pp. 811–821, 2017, ISSN: 1861-8952 . @article{Adamčík2017b, title = {Hodophilus (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) species with dark dots on the stipe: more than one species in Europe}, author = {S. Adamčík and S. Jančovičová and B.P. Looney and K. Adamčíková and G. W. Griffith and T. Læssøe and P.A. Moreau and A. Vizzini and P. B. Matheny }, doi = {DOI 10.1007/s11557-017-1318-9}, issn = {1861-8952 }, year = {2017}, date = {2017-07-01}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {16}, number = {8}, pages = {811–821}, abstract = {Hodophilus atropunctus is traditionally defined as the only species of this genus with dark brown or black dots on the stipe. Multi-locus phylogenetic reconstruction recognised two distinct clades morphologically corresponding to this species concept. The limited morphological description in the protologue of H. atropunctus and absence of a type specimen were limitations in an assignment of this name to one of the recognised phylogenetic species. The emended species concept and the selection of a neotype are based on careful analyses of the colour of the basidiomata and how this changes during maturation and drying. The name H. atropunctus is assigned to the paler of the two species which also shows colour change across the pileus and along the length of the stipe when dry. The second darker species is described here as new, H. variabilipes, but only seven out of 14 collections examined belonging to this taxon had distinct dark coloured dots on the stipe surface.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Hodophilus atropunctus is traditionally defined as the only species of this genus with dark brown or black dots on the stipe. Multi-locus phylogenetic reconstruction recognised two distinct clades morphologically corresponding to this species concept. The limited morphological description in the protologue of H. atropunctus and absence of a type specimen were limitations in an assignment of this name to one of the recognised phylogenetic species. The emended species concept and the selection of a neotype are based on careful analyses of the colour of the basidiomata and how this changes during maturation and drying. The name H. atropunctus is assigned to the paler of the two species which also shows colour change across the pileus and along the length of the stipe when dry. The second darker species is described here as new, H. variabilipes, but only seven out of 14 collections examined belonging to this taxon had distinct dark coloured dots on the stipe surface. |
Mihál, Ivan; Černecká, Ľudmila Vestnik zoologii, 51 (3), pp. 259-270, 2017. @article{Mihál2017, title = {Structure of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) communities in different, antthropically disturbed beech ecosystems (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)}, author = {Ivan Mihál and Ľudmila Černecká }, url = {https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/vzoo/51/3/article-p259.xml}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-06-14}, journal = {Vestnik zoologii}, volume = {51}, number = {3}, pages = {259-270}, abstract = {The authors evaluate the impact of diff erent types of forestry management, and other anthropic disturbances, on harvestmen (Opiliones) communities in sub-mountain beech stands in the Western Carpathians. Harvestmen were studied in three main localities, consisting of nine partial plots (Žiar nad Hronom — (1) control closed canopy stand; Jalná — (2) control stand, (3) thinning stand, (4) 11-year old forest clearing, and (5) 2-year old forest clearing; Kováčová — (6) control stand, (7) coppice, (8) 10 year old forest clearing, and (9) 3-year old forest clearing). In total, 16 harvestmen species were found, representing 45.7 % of the 35 harvestmen species range known in Slovakia to date. Th e most abundant species, i. e., those with the highest dominance values (D), were Lophopilio palpinalis (D = 22.8%), Trogulus nepaeformis (D = 17.9%), Lacinius ephippiatus (D = 12.2%), Trogulus tricarinatus (D = 11.3%), Oligolophus tridens (D = 10.5%), and Nemastoma lugubre (D = 6.7%). At the partial plot of the 3-year old forest clearing, we found eight harvestmen species and noticed a high number of specimens (5.49) caught in one individual trap, and this was also the highest number among all the nine sites.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The authors evaluate the impact of diff erent types of forestry management, and other anthropic disturbances, on harvestmen (Opiliones) communities in sub-mountain beech stands in the Western Carpathians. Harvestmen were studied in three main localities, consisting of nine partial plots (Žiar nad Hronom — (1) control closed canopy stand; Jalná — (2) control stand, (3) thinning stand, (4) 11-year old forest clearing, and (5) 2-year old forest clearing; Kováčová — (6) control stand, (7) coppice, (8) 10 year old forest clearing, and (9) 3-year old forest clearing). In total, 16 harvestmen species were found, representing 45.7 % of the 35 harvestmen species range known in Slovakia to date. Th e most abundant species, i. e., those with the highest dominance values (D), were Lophopilio palpinalis (D = 22.8%), Trogulus nepaeformis (D = 17.9%), Lacinius ephippiatus (D = 12.2%), Trogulus tricarinatus (D = 11.3%), Oligolophus tridens (D = 10.5%), and Nemastoma lugubre (D = 6.7%). At the partial plot of the 3-year old forest clearing, we found eight harvestmen species and noticed a high number of specimens (5.49) caught in one individual trap, and this was also the highest number among all the nine sites. |
Mihál, Ivan; Luptáková, Eva Lignicolous macromycetes in spruce monocultures at Vrch Dobroč locality (Central Slovakia) Journal Article Catathelasma, (18), pp. 5-17, 2017. @article{Mihál2017b, title = {Lignicolous macromycetes in spruce monocultures at Vrch Dobroč locality (Central Slovakia)}, author = {Ivan Mihál and Eva Luptáková}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-06-13}, journal = {Catathelasma}, number = {18}, pages = {5-17}, abstract = {The first part of our mycological research at the Vrch Dobroč locality (Veporské vrchy Mts.) was accomplished in 1989–2003. Six permanent plots were established in Norway spruce monocultures planted on former non-forest land and mycocoenological features, such as species diversity, abundance, distribution of sporocarps, dominance and succession of species and biomass production of epigeic sporocarps were observed. Sixty species of lignicolous macromycetes were identified, eight of them parasitic (Armillaria ostoyae, Fomitopsis pinicola, Heterobasidion annosum, Neonectria fuckeliana, Schizophyllum commune, Stereum sanguinolentum, Trichaptum abietinum and Verticillium sp.) and 52 saprotrophic. Species richness on the permanent plots was more or less similar (number of species varied from 21 to 29). Lignicolous macromycetes occurred most frequently in the oldest stands where dead wood was available. The permanent plots were dominated by Calocera viscosa, Dacrymyces stillatus and Hypholoma fasciculare. Presence of rotting spruce trees in the first 14 years of growth stands was negligible, while in the 23 years old stands was accounted for 28%. Sporocarps of important pathogens Armillaria ostoyae and Heterobasidion annosum were firstly noticed in the 33 years old spruce stands. The highest values of sporocarp production were found in the oldest, 40 years old stands (133.49 and 57.19 kg.ha-1), the lowest in the youngest, 16 to 22 years old plantations (13.01 and 31.6 kg.ha-1).}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The first part of our mycological research at the Vrch Dobroč locality (Veporské vrchy Mts.) was accomplished in 1989–2003. Six permanent plots were established in Norway spruce monocultures planted on former non-forest land and mycocoenological features, such as species diversity, abundance, distribution of sporocarps, dominance and succession of species and biomass production of epigeic sporocarps were observed. Sixty species of lignicolous macromycetes were identified, eight of them parasitic (Armillaria ostoyae, Fomitopsis pinicola, Heterobasidion annosum, Neonectria fuckeliana, Schizophyllum commune, Stereum sanguinolentum, Trichaptum abietinum and Verticillium sp.) and 52 saprotrophic. Species richness on the permanent plots was more or less similar (number of species varied from 21 to 29). Lignicolous macromycetes occurred most frequently in the oldest stands where dead wood was available. The permanent plots were dominated by Calocera viscosa, Dacrymyces stillatus and Hypholoma fasciculare. Presence of rotting spruce trees in the first 14 years of growth stands was negligible, while in the 23 years old stands was accounted for 28%. Sporocarps of important pathogens Armillaria ostoyae and Heterobasidion annosum were firstly noticed in the 33 years old spruce stands. The highest values of sporocarp production were found in the oldest, 40 years old stands (133.49 and 57.19 kg.ha-1), the lowest in the youngest, 16 to 22 years old plantations (13.01 and 31.6 kg.ha-1). |
Nusová, G; Šemeláková, M; Paučulová, L; Uhrin, M; Kaňuch, Peter Haplotype diversity in common pipistrelle’s mass hibernacula from central Europe Journal Article Biologia (Bratislava), 72 (5), pp. 548-553, 2017, ISSN: 1336-9563. @article{Nusová2017, title = {Haplotype diversity in common pipistrelle’s mass hibernacula from central Europe}, author = {G. Nusová and M. Šemeláková and L. Paučulová and M. Uhrin and Peter Kaňuch}, url = {https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/biolog.2017.72.issue-5/biolog-2017-0061/biolog-2017-0061.xml}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2017-0061}, issn = {1336-9563}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-05-30}, journal = {Biologia (Bratislava)}, volume = {72}, number = {5}, pages = {548-553}, abstract = {Mass hibernacula of several tens of thousands of Pipistrellus pipistrellus associated with the swarming of bats during seasonal movements should serve as important sites of gene flow in this species. The massive occurrence of hibernating bats which is observed in few caves in the Carpathian Mountains encourages the idea that the genetic diversity at these sites will be greater comparing to known situation in surrounding region. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of individuals that aggregate in two such caves in Slovakia and Romania with the help of a common and available genetic marker. Using an mtDNA cytochrome b, 571 bp long fragment, very low haplotype diversity was found within both mass hibernacula of P. pipistrellus (15 haplotypes only, from which one significantly predominated with > 80% in both caves). The initial screening did not suggest that hibernating bats migrated to mass hibernacula from remote areas behind central European region. However, reliable study of the species’ migratory behaviour is required to understand more about the phenomenon of the mass hibernacula of these bats.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Mass hibernacula of several tens of thousands of Pipistrellus pipistrellus associated with the swarming of bats during seasonal movements should serve as important sites of gene flow in this species. The massive occurrence of hibernating bats which is observed in few caves in the Carpathian Mountains encourages the idea that the genetic diversity at these sites will be greater comparing to known situation in surrounding region. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of individuals that aggregate in two such caves in Slovakia and Romania with the help of a common and available genetic marker. Using an mtDNA cytochrome b, 571 bp long fragment, very low haplotype diversity was found within both mass hibernacula of P. pipistrellus (15 haplotypes only, from which one significantly predominated with > 80% in both caves). The initial screening did not suggest that hibernating bats migrated to mass hibernacula from remote areas behind central European region. However, reliable study of the species’ migratory behaviour is required to understand more about the phenomenon of the mass hibernacula of these bats. |
Montalva, Cristian; Valenzuela, Eduardo; Barta, Marek; Rojas, Eladio; Arismendi, Nolberto; Rodrigues, Juscelino; Humber, Richard A Lecanicillium attenuatum isolates affecting the invasive cypress aphid (Cinara cupressi) in Chile Journal Article BioControl, 62 (5), pp. 625-637, 2017, ISSN: 1386-6141. @article{Montalva2017b, title = {\textit{Lecanicillium attenuatum} isolates affecting the invasive cypress aphid (\textit{Cinara cupressi}) in Chile}, author = {Cristian Montalva and Eduardo Valenzuela and Marek Barta and Eladio Rojas and Nolberto Arismendi and Juscelino Rodrigues and Richard A. Humber }, doi = {10.1007/s10526-017-9817-9}, issn = {1386-6141}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-05-16}, journal = {BioControl}, volume = {62}, number = {5}, pages = {625-637}, abstract = {The cypress aphid (Cinara cupressi) is listed among the hundred most important invasive pests in the world. In Chile, it was first detected in 2003 and currently is present throughout the country. In the course of a survey of their natural enemies in Chile, three strains of entomopathogenic fungi were isolated. The isolates were identified and tested against the aphid in laboratory experiments. Two further entomopathogenic fungi (ARSEF 5126 and 5128), formulated in the mycoinsecticides Vertalec® and Mycotal®, were used as reference strains. The three Chilean isolates were identified genomically as Lecanicillium attenuatum and were pathogenic to third-instar nymphs. The isolate ARSEF 13279 yielded the lowest overall lethal concentration (LC50), 3 × 105 conidia ml−1 at four days post-inoculation, and the shortest lethal time (LT50), 3.7 days after inoculation with 106 conidia ml−1. The results indicate that the isolates have considerable potential as microbial control agents of the invasive cypress aphid.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The cypress aphid (Cinara cupressi) is listed among the hundred most important invasive pests in the world. In Chile, it was first detected in 2003 and currently is present throughout the country. In the course of a survey of their natural enemies in Chile, three strains of entomopathogenic fungi were isolated. The isolates were identified and tested against the aphid in laboratory experiments. Two further entomopathogenic fungi (ARSEF 5126 and 5128), formulated in the mycoinsecticides Vertalec® and Mycotal®, were used as reference strains. The three Chilean isolates were identified genomically as Lecanicillium attenuatum and were pathogenic to third-instar nymphs. The isolate ARSEF 13279 yielded the lowest overall lethal concentration (LC50), 3 × 105 conidia ml−1 at four days post-inoculation, and the shortest lethal time (LT50), 3.7 days after inoculation with 106 conidia ml−1. The results indicate that the isolates have considerable potential as microbial control agents of the invasive cypress aphid. |
Havašová, M; Ferenčík, J; Jakuš, R Interactions between windthrow, bark beetles and forest management in the Tatra national parks Journal Article Forest Ecology and Management, 391 , pp. 349-361, 2017, ISSN: 03781127. @article{M.2017, title = {Interactions between windthrow, bark beetles and forest management in the Tatra national parks}, author = {M. Havašová and J. Ferenčík and R. Jakuš}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112717300361}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.01.009}, issn = {03781127}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-05-01}, journal = {Forest Ecology and Management}, volume = {391}, pages = {349-361}, abstract = {Natural disturbances such as windthrow and bark beetle Ips typographus L. outbreak often affect protected areas with non-intervention type of management located in close proximity to managed forest stands. This raises concerns about the migration of the beetle outbreak from non-intervention zones to adjacent managed forests. In this study we analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of large-scale disturbances by intervention and non-intervention type of management in the Tatra mountains (Central Europe). We collected a time series of Landsat images from 2003 to 2014, and applied maximum likelihood classification to map the extent of forest, windthrow, clear-cuts, beetle outbreak and fire. Our classified maps achieved high overall accuracies: 0.93 ± 0.03 ≤ OA ≤ 0.96 ± 0.03. The extent of forest declined over the study period. We found higher rate of beetle induced tree mortality in non-intervention versus intervention zone. Within two growing seasons after the windthrow, beetle infestation occurred in close proximity to uncleared windthrow (< ~ 250 m), which suggest the positive effect of salvage logging (removal of windthrown trees) on lowering the risk of beetle outbreak. The two times higher sum of disturbances in intervention then in non-intervention zone indicated the limited impact of sanitation felling (removal of standing beetle infested trees) to reduce beetle population. However, sanitation felling highly contributed to the decline of the forest cover. Overall, our results document the dynamics of windthrow, bark beetle and clear-cuts by type of management, and limited impact of logging activities in reducing beetle outbreak in neighboring areas with intervention and non-intervention type of management.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Natural disturbances such as windthrow and bark beetle Ips typographus L. outbreak often affect protected areas with non-intervention type of management located in close proximity to managed forest stands. This raises concerns about the migration of the beetle outbreak from non-intervention zones to adjacent managed forests. In this study we analyzed the spatiotemporal dynamics of large-scale disturbances by intervention and non-intervention type of management in the Tatra mountains (Central Europe). We collected a time series of Landsat images from 2003 to 2014, and applied maximum likelihood classification to map the extent of forest, windthrow, clear-cuts, beetle outbreak and fire. Our classified maps achieved high overall accuracies: 0.93 ± 0.03 ≤ OA ≤ 0.96 ± 0.03. The extent of forest declined over the study period. We found higher rate of beetle induced tree mortality in non-intervention versus intervention zone. Within two growing seasons after the windthrow, beetle infestation occurred in close proximity to uncleared windthrow (< ~ 250 m), which suggest the positive effect of salvage logging (removal of windthrown trees) on lowering the risk of beetle outbreak. The two times higher sum of disturbances in intervention then in non-intervention zone indicated the limited impact of sanitation felling (removal of standing beetle infested trees) to reduce beetle population. However, sanitation felling highly contributed to the decline of the forest cover. Overall, our results document the dynamics of windthrow, bark beetle and clear-cuts by type of management, and limited impact of logging activities in reducing beetle outbreak in neighboring areas with intervention and non-intervention type of management. |
Mezei, P; Jakuš, R; Pennerstorfer, J; Havašová, M; Škvarenina, J; Ferenčík, J; Slivinský, J; Bičárová, S; Bilčík, D; Blaženec, M; Netherer, S Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 242 , pp. 85-95, 2017. @article{Mezei2017, title = {Storms, temperature maxima and the Eurasian spruce bark beetle \textit{Ips typographus} — an infernal trio in Norway spruce forests of the Central European High Tatra Mountains}, author = {P. Mezei and R. Jakuš and J. Pennerstorfer and M. Havašová and J. Škvarenina and J. Ferenčík and J. Slivinský and S. Bičárová and D. Bilčík and M. Blaženec and S. Netherer}, url = {http://ife.sk/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Figure_4_20170406_2-pdf-300x192.jpghttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192317301326}, doi = {10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.04.004}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-04-10}, journal = { Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}, volume = {242}, pages = {85-95}, abstract = {Norway spruce forests (Picea abies Karst.) of the Carpathian High Tatra Mountains have been subject to unprecedented tree mortality caused by attacks of the Eurasian spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) in recent decades. The outbreaks were preceded and accompanied by wind throw events and periods of increased seasonal temperature. We obtained climatic data and data on tree mortality due to storm throw and bark beetles by using a combination of direct dead tree inventory and remote sensing techniques, and examined annual tree loss change over a 26-year period in a forest district of the Slovak High Tatra National Park. In particular, we found that the combination of the previous year's maximum daily temperature sum, tree mortality caused by wind, and bark beetle-caused tree mortality best explained the annual tree loss change in nonlinear regression models. The number of trees infested by bark beetles clearly increased with maximum air temperature sums ranging from 2850 to 3150 ° days, but declined below or above this thermal optimum. Annual tree mortality clearly increased subsequent to years associated with seasonal temperature sums allowing for the development of sister broods. Given consistently favourable future climatic conditions for development of I. typographus populations in the study area, a possible shift from the now predominantly uni-voltine to multi-voltine bark beetle populations might increase attack pressure also at high elevation sites.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Norway spruce forests (Picea abies Karst.) of the Carpathian High Tatra Mountains have been subject to unprecedented tree mortality caused by attacks of the Eurasian spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) in recent decades. The outbreaks were preceded and accompanied by wind throw events and periods of increased seasonal temperature. We obtained climatic data and data on tree mortality due to storm throw and bark beetles by using a combination of direct dead tree inventory and remote sensing techniques, and examined annual tree loss change over a 26-year period in a forest district of the Slovak High Tatra National Park. In particular, we found that the combination of the previous year's maximum daily temperature sum, tree mortality caused by wind, and bark beetle-caused tree mortality best explained the annual tree loss change in nonlinear regression models. The number of trees infested by bark beetles clearly increased with maximum air temperature sums ranging from 2850 to 3150 ° days, but declined below or above this thermal optimum. Annual tree mortality clearly increased subsequent to years associated with seasonal temperature sums allowing for the development of sister broods. Given consistently favourable future climatic conditions for development of I. typographus populations in the study area, a possible shift from the now predominantly uni-voltine to multi-voltine bark beetle populations might increase attack pressure also at high elevation sites. |
Kádasi-Horáková, M; Adamčíková, K; Pastirčáková, K; Longauerová, V; Maľová, M Natural infection of Fraxinus angustifolia by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in Slovakia Journal Article Baltic Forestry, 23 (1), pp. 52-55, 2017, ISSN: 2029-9230. @article{M.2017b, title = {Natural infection of \textit{Fraxinus angustifolia} by \textit{Hymenoscyphus fraxineus} in Slovakia}, author = {M. Kádasi-Horáková and K. Adamčíková and K. Pastirčáková and V. Longauerová and M. Maľová}, url = {https://www.balticforestry.mi.lt/bf/PDF_Articles/2017-23%5B1%5D/Baltic%20Forestry%202017.1_052-055.pdf}, issn = {2029-9230}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-04-07}, journal = {Baltic Forestry}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, pages = {52-55}, abstract = {The fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is responsible |
2021 |
Host range, genetic variability, and mating types of Lecanosticta acicola in Slovakia Journal Article Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 36 (5), pp. 325-332, 2021, ISSN: 0282-7581. |
Erysiphe hypophylla, a second powdery mildew (Erysiphales) on oaks in Britain Journal Article Field Mycology, 22 (2), pp. 50-54, 2021, ISSN: 1468-1641. |
Ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) in urban greenery as possible invasion gates of non-native Phyllactinia species Journal Article Forests, 12 (2), pp. 1-16, Article ID 183, 2021, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
2020 |
Magnolia grandiflora L. shows better responses to drought than Magnolia × soulangeana in urban environment Journal Article iFOREST - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 13 (6), pp. 575-583, 2020, ISSN: 1971-7458. |
Inhibition effect of selected inorganic metal ions on the mycelial growth of Cryphonectria parasitica Journal Article Journal of Plant Protection Research, 60 (4), pp. 399-405, 2020, ISSN: 1427-4345. |
Physiological vitality of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) stands along an altitudinal gradient in Tatra National Park Journal Article Central European Forestry Journal, 66 (4), pp. 227-242, 2020, ISBN: 2454-034X. |
Drivers of Spruce Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) Infestations on Downed Trees after Severe Windthrow Journal Article Forests, 11 , 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Invasions of alien woody plant taxa across a cluster of villages neighbouring the Mlyňany Arboretum (SW Slovakia) Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 121-130, 2020. |
Scots pine forest in Central Europe as a habitat for Harmonia axyridis: temporal and spatial patterns in the population of an alien ladybird Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 81–88, 2020. |
Non-native plant species in alder-dominated forests in Slovakia: what does the regional- and the local-scale approach bring? Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 100–108, 2020. |
Selected climatic variables in Slovakia are favourable to the development of Dothistroma needle blight Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (2), pp. 144-152, 2020. |
Effect of Acetaminophen (APAP) on Physiological Indicators in Lactuca sativa Journal Article Life-Basel, 10 (11), 2020, ISSN: 2075-1729. |
Is There a Scope for Social Innovation in Ukrainian Forestry? Journal Article Sustainability, 12 , 2020, ISSN: 2071-1050. |
Water, 12 (11), 2020, ISSN: 2073-4441. |
Gene flow relates to evolutionary divergence among populations at the range margin Journal Article PeerJ, 8 , 2020, ISSN: 2167-8359. |
Water, 12 (10), 2020, ISSN: 2073-4441. |
Journal of Forest Science, 66 (10), pp. 420-435, 2020, ISSN: 1212-4834. |
Clubiona pseudoneglecta and Paratrachelas maculatus, two spider species new to the Slovak fauna (Araneae: Clubionidae, Trachelidae) Journal Article Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 60 (1), pp. 44-49, 2020, ISSN: 1018-4171. |
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020, ISSN: 1741-427X. |
The Invasive Box Tree Moth Five Years after Introduction in Slovakia: Damage Risk to Box Trees in Urban Habitats Journal Article Forests, 11 (9), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Dynamics of ectomycorrhizal mycobiota (Basidiomycota) communities on a former agricultural land (West Carpathians) Journal Article Mycological Progress, 19 (9), pp. 845-857, 2020, ISSN: 1617-416X. |
Biomass Allocation to Resource Acquisition Compartments Is Affected by Tree Density Manipulation in European Beech after Three Decades Journal Article Forests, 11 (9), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Interventions have limited effects on population dynamics of Ips typographus and its natural enemies in the Western Carpathians (Central Europe) Journal Article Forest Ecology and Management, pp. 470-471, 2020, ISSN: 0378-1127. |
An agent-based algorithm resembles behaviour of tree-dwelling bats under fission–fusion dynamics Journal Article Scientific Reports, 10 , 2020, ISSN: 2045-2322. |
The short-term effect of sudden gap creation on tree temperature and volatile composition profiles in a Norway spruce stand Journal Article Trees-Structure and Function, 34 (6), pp. 1397–1409, 2020, ISSN: 0931-1890. |
Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, Supplementum 15 , pp. 89-96, 2020, ISSN: 0324-0770. |
Tracing the geographic origin of common pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) swarming at a mass hibernaculum Journal Article Mammalian Biology, 100 , pp. 601-610, 2020, ISSN: 1616-5047. |
Spatial variability of nutrients in soils and plants of forest ecosystems located near the highway Journal Article Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192 (8), pp. 534-534, 2020, ISSN: 0167-6369. |
Combustion calorimetry and its application in the assessment of ecosystems Journal Article Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 142 , pp. 771-781, 2020, ISSN: 1388-6150. |
Interspecific variation in growth and tree water status of conifers under water-limited conditions Journal Article Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 68 (4), pp. 368-381, 2020, ISSN: 0042-790X. |
Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker Journal Article Forests, 11 (7), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Productivity and heat-stress tolerance in Canadian poplar (Populus × canadensis Moench) clones with different ecological optimum Journal Article Biomass and Bioenergy, 138 , 2020, ISSN: 0961-9534. |
Epiphyllous bryophytes in Arboretum Mlyňany (Slovakia) Journal Article Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, 23 (2), pp. 51-57, 2020, ISSN: 1335-258X. |
Western-Carpathian mountain spruce woodlands at their southern margin: natural or anthropogenic origin? Journal Article Preslia, 92 (2), pp. 115-135, 2020, ISSN: 0032-7786. |
Diverse strategies of rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.) genotypes in the water shortage management Journal Article Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus, 19 (3), pp. 159-165, 2020, ISBN: 1644-0692. |
New endophytic Fusarium spp. from Fraxinus excelsior leaves in Slovakia Journal Article Planta medica, 86 , pp. 1025-1031, 2020, ISSN: 0032-0943. |
Photosynthetic performance of silver fir (Abies alba) of different origins under suboptimal growing conditions Journal Article Functional Plant Biology, 47 (11), pp. 1007-1018, 2020, ISSN: 1445-4408. |
How variable is Crepidotus variabilis? Journal Article Phytotaxa, 449 (3), pp. 243-264, 2020, ISSN: 1179-3155. |
Názvy úžitkových druhov rastlín vo vybraných jazykoch Book Agrobiodiverzita pre lepšiu výživu, zdravie a kvalitu života, Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, 2020, ISBN: 978-80-552-2169-4. |
Floodplain forest vegetation in the northern part of the Western Carpathians Journal Article Biologia, 75 (11), pp. 1789-1799, 2020, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
A bark beetle infestation predictive model based on satellite data in the frame of decision support system TANABBO Journal Article iFOREST, 13 (3), pp. 215-223, 2020, ISSN: 1971-7458. |
What is Climate-Smart Forestry? A definition from a multinational collaborative process focused on mountain regions of Europe Journal Article Ecosystem Services, 43 , 2020, ISSN: 2212-0416. |
Evaluation of the Carbon Dioxide Production by Fungi Under Different Growing Conditions Journal Article Current Microbiology, 77 (9), pp. 2374-2384, 2020, ISSN: 0343-8651. |
Host range of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in Slovak arboreta Journal Article Forests, 11 (5), pp. 1-18, Article Number: 596, 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Xylosandrus germanus in Central Europe: Spread into and within the Czech Republic Journal Article Journal of Applied Entomology, 144 (6), pp. 423-433, 2020, ISSN: 0931-2048. |
Biodiversity Data Journal, 8 , 2020, ISSN: 1314-2836. |
Investigations of mature Scots pine stands in windthrow areas in Norway spruce forests in Western Rhodopes Journal Article 47 (1), pp. 1-9, 2020, ISSN: 1336-5266. |
Beech bark disease in Slovakia related to fungi of the genus Nectria s.l. and the anatomy of necrotised bark and wood: a brief review Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (1), pp. 16-22, 2020, ISSN: 1336-5266. |
Genotype-specific requirements for in vitro culture initiation and multiplication of Magnolia taxa Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 47 (1), pp. 34-44, 2020, ISSN: 1336-5266. |
New floristic records from Central Europe 5 Journal Article Thaiszia, 30 (1), pp. 103-114, 2020, ISSN: 1210-0420. |
Molecules, 25 (8), 2020, ISSN: 1420-3049. |
Species Richness, Ecology, and Prediction of Orchids in Central Europe: Local-Scale Study Journal Article Diversity-Basel, 12 (4), 2020, ISSN: 1424-2818. |
Spruce bark beetles as a biological waste that can be processed in a biogas plant Journal Article Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 44 (2), pp. 169-179, 2020, ISSN: 1300-011X. |
Factors determining variation in colour morph frequencies in invasive Harmonia axyridis populations Journal Article Biological Invasions, 22 , pp. 2049–2062, 2020, ISSN: 1387-3547. |
The ground-level ozone concentration in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests in the West Carpathian Mountains Journal Article Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192 (4), pp. 47-56, 2020, ISSN: 0167-6369. |
Temporal changes in bird communities of wind-affected coniferous mountain forest in differently disturbed stands (High Tatra Mts., Slovakia) Journal Article Biologia, 75 , pp. 1931–1943, 2020, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
Winter geometrid moths in oak forests : Is monitoring a single species reliable to predict defoliation risk? Journal Article Forests, 11 (3), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
The mosaic distribution pattern of two sister bush-cricket species and the possible role of reproductive interference Journal Article Ecology and Evolution, 10 (5), pp. 2570-2578, 2020, ISSN: 2045-7758. |
Environmental variables do not explain the high size fluctuations in Rhinolophus euryale pre-hibernating aggregation Journal Article Biologia, 75 , pp. 1657–1665, 2020, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
One step closer to unravelling the origin of Russula: subgenus Glutinosae subg. nov. Journal Article Mycosphere, 11 (1), pp. 285–304, 2020, ISSN: 2077 7019. |
Hodophilus phaeophyllus complex (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) is defined as new phylogenetic lineage in Europe Journal Article Mycological Progress, 19 (2), pp. 111-125, 2020, ISSN: 1617-416X. |
Temporal landscape genetic data indicate an ongoing disruption of gene flow in a relict bird species Journal Article Conservation Genetics, 21 (2), pp. 329-340, 2020, ISBN: 1566-0621. |
Potential Interactions Between Invasive Fusarium circinatum and Other Pine Pathogens in Europe Journal Article Forests, 11 (1), 2020, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Wing morphology of the butterfly Coenonympha arcania in Europe: Traces of both historical isolation in glacial refugia and current adaptation Journal Article Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research, 58 (4), pp. 929-943, 2020, ISSN: 0947-5745. |
Effect of Application of Probiotic Pollen Suspension on Immune Response and Gut Microbiota of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Journal Article Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 12 , pp. 929–936, 2020, ISSN: 1867-1306. |
Larval feeding of Cydalima perspectalis on box trees with a focus on the spatial and temporal distribution Journal Article Plant Protection Science, 11 , 2020, ISSN: 1212-2580. |
Origin rather than mild drought stress influenced chlorophyll a fluorescence in contrasting silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances Journal Article Photosynthetica : international journal for photosynthesis research, 58 , pp. 549-559, 2020, ISSN: 0300-3604. |
Hodnota ekosystémov a ich služieb na Slovensku Book Štátna ochrana prírody SR, 2020, ISBN: 978-80-8184-078-4. |
Stav ochrany vtáctva na Slovensku v rokoch 2013 –2018 Book Štátna ochrana prírody SR, 2020, ISBN: 978–80–8184–084–5. |
Influence of site conditions on the incidence and spread of chestnut blight in Slovakia Book Technical University in Zvolen, 2020, ISBN: 978-80-228-3211-3. |
Allelopathic potential of Juglans nigra L. to control the invasive tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) Journal Article Allelopathy Journal, 49 (2), pp. 177-188, 2020, ISSN: 0971-4693. |
An annotated checklist of crickets, grasshoppers and their allies (Orthoptera) in Slovakia Journal Article Zootaxa, 4869 (2), pp. 207-241, 2020, ISSN: 1175-5334. |
Vegetation classification of acidophilous oak forests in Slovakia Journal Article Tuexenia, 40 , pp. 33-52, 2020, ISSN: 0722-494X. |
Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 65 (3), pp. 197-207, 2020, ISSN: 0322-9688. |
Spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of non-biting moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in confound conditions of a stable Journal Article Polish Journal of Entomology, 89 (4), pp. 190-199, 2020, ISSN: 0032-3780. |
Impact of the European bark beetle Ips typographus on biochemical and growth properties of wood and needles in Siberian spruce Picea obovata Journal Article Central European Forestry Journal, 66 (4), pp. 243-254, 2020, ISSN: 2454-034X. |
2019 |
Drivers of plant species composition in alder-dominated forests with contrasting connectivity Journal Article Wetlands Ecology and Management, 28 (1), pp. 137-150, 2019, ISSN: 0923-4861. |
The coat pattern in the Carpathian population of Eurasian lynx has changed: a sign of demographic bottleneck and limited connectivity Journal Article European Journal of Wildlife Research, 66 (1), 2019, ISSN: 1612-4642. |
New floristic records from Central Europe 4 (reports 41–53) Journal Article Thaiszia, 29 (2), pp. 231-237, 2019, ISSN: 1210-0420. |
Phytosociological approach to scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia Journal Article Annals of Forest Research : journal of forestry and environmental sciences, 62 (2), pp. 183-200, 2019, ISSN: 1844-8135. |
Allelopathic interactions of invasive black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) with secondary aliens: the physiological background Journal Article Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 41 (11), 2019, ISSN: 0137-5881. |
Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review. Journal Article Biotechnology Advances, 35 (6), pp. 726-750, 2019, ISSN: 0734-9750. |
The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language Journal Article Fungal Diversity, 99 (1), pp. 369-449, 2019, ISSN: 1560-2745. |
Microbial Control of Invasive Forest Pests with Entomopathogenic Fungi: A Review of the Current Situation Journal Article Insects, 10 (10), 2019, ISSN: 2075-4450. |
Quantitative biogeography of Orthoptera does not support classical qualitative regionalization of the Carpathian Mountains Journal Article Biological Journal of the Linnean Society : a journal of evolution, 128 (4), pp. 887-900, 2019, ISSN: 0024-4066. |
The effect of canopy openness of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests on ground‐dwelling spider communities Journal Article Insect Conservation and Diversity, 13 (3), pp. 250-261, 2019, ISSN: 1752-458X. |
Effect of magnesite dust pollution on biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam woodlands in the Western Carpathians Journal Article Biologia, 74 (12), pp. 1591-1611, 2019, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
Effects of a host tree on movement and distribution of winter geometrid moths (Lepidoptera): thickness of trunks and branches Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 46 (2), pp. 83-90, 2019, ISBN: 1336-5266. |
Seasonal dynamics of macronutrients in aboveground biomass of two herb-layer species in a beech forest Journal Article Biologia, 74 (11), pp. 1415-1424, 2019, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
In vitro interactions between Trichoderma harzianum and pathogenic fungi damaging horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and fruits Journal Article Biological Letters, 54 (1), pp. 24-35, 2019, ISSN: 1644-7700. |
Norway Spruce (Picea abies L.) Provenances Use Different Physiological Strategies to Cope with Water Deficit Journal Article Forests, 10 (8), 2019, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Forests, 10 (634), pp. 1-18, 2019, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
How do environmental variables shape plant species diversity and composition in beech forests of Central Slovakia? Journal Article Biologia, 74 (10), pp. 1295-1301, 2019, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
Highly selective roosting of the giant noctule bat and its astonishing foraging activity by GPS tracking in a mountain environment Journal Article Mammal Research, 64 (4), pp. 587-594, 2019, ISSN: 2199-2401. |
Hypovirulence in chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, in Slovakia Journal Article Biocontrol Science and Technology, 29 (9), pp. 840-851, 2019, ISSN: 0958-3157. |
Potential Solar Radiation as a Driver for Bark Beetle Infestation on a Landscape Scale Journal Article Forests, 10 (7), 2019, ISSN: 1999-4907. |
Spatiotemporal pattern in the autumn invasion behaviour of the common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus: Review with a case study Journal Article Mammalian Biology, 97 , pp. 13-21, 2019, ISSN: 1616-5047. |
Ecology and Evolution, 9 (5), pp. 8541-8554, 2019, ISBN: 2045-7758. |
Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as predators of conifer seeds Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 46 (1), pp. 37-44, 2019, ISSN: 1336-5266. |
Endophytic fungus Beauveria bassiana can enhance drought tolerance in red oak seedlings Journal Article Trees-Structure and Function, 33 (4), pp. 1179–1186, 2019, ISSN: 0931-1890. |
Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable Journal Article Science, 364 (6438), 2019, ISSN: 0036-8075. |
Notes on a small collection of phaneropterine bush-crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) from Central and Southern Madagascar with the description of two new species Journal Article Zootaxa, 4563 (2), pp. 297–310, 2019. |
Dynamics of Fagus sylvatica L. Necrotization under Different Pollutant Load Conditions Journal Article Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28 (4), pp. 2755-2763, 2019, ISSN: 1230-1485. |
Dendrochronologia, 54 , pp. 67-48, 2019, ISSN: 1125-7865. |
Range expansion of the small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus: a newcomer in northern Europe Journal Article Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 21 (3), pp. 286-298, 2019, ISSN: 1461-9555. |
Insecticidal and repellent effects of plant essential oils against Ips typographus Journal Article Journal of Pest Science, 92 (2), pp. 959-608, 2019, ISSN: 1612-4766. |
Standard methods for Apis mellifera royal jelly research Journal Article Journal of apicultural research, 58 (2), pp. 1-69, 2019, ISSN: 0021-8839. |
Variance in leaf spot susceptibility in chestnut trees of different species and hybrids Journal Article Journal of Plant Disease and Protection, 126 (2), pp. 169-172, 2019, ISSN: 1861-3829. |
Forest Ecology and Management, 432 , pp. 489-500, 2019, ISSN: 0378-1127. |
SkyBat: a swarm robotic model inspired by fission-fusion behaviour of bats Book Chapter Aspragathos, N; Koustoumpardis, P; Moulianitis, V (Ed.): RAAD 2018, 67 , Chapter Mechanisms and Machine Science, pp. 521-528, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics, 2019, ISBN: 978-3-030-00231-2. |
Size‐dependent mating pattern in a nuptial gift‐giving insect Journal Article Ecology and Evolution, 9 (1), pp. 454-462, 2019, ISSN: 2045-7758. |
Pannonic salt marshes revealed six new spiders to Slovakia (Araneae: Gnaphosidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Theridiidae). Journal Article Biológia, 74 (1), pp. 53-64, 2019. |
Forests, 10 (1), 2019. |
The species-rich arthropod communities in fungal fruitbodies are weakly structured by climate and biogeography across European beech forests Journal Article Diversity and Distributions, 2019. |
Assessment of the biocultural value of traditional agricultural landscape on a plot‐by‐plot level: case studies from Slovakia Journal Article Biodiversity and Conservation, 28 , pp. 2615–2645, 2019. |
Impact of expressway on physiology of plants and accumulation of risk elements in forest ecosystems Journal Article Plant, Soil and Environment, 65 (1), pp. 46-53, 2019. |
The impact of highway motor vehicle traffic on energy stores Journal Article Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 103 (4), pp. 604-609, 2019. |
First record of Pholidoptera transsylvanica (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) in Poland Journal Article Entomological News, 128 (4), pp. 377, 2019. |
Assemblages of orthopteroid insects along environmental gradients in central and southern Madagascar Journal Article Journal of Orthoptera Research, 28 (2), pp. 155-166, 2019. |
Invasion by the box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), in southeastern Europe Incollection Invasive dendrophilous organisms: challenges and protection operations: Collective monograph, pp. 17-28, Pushkino , 2019, ISBN: 978–5–94219–250–1. |
Ecosystems in Slovakia Journal Article Journal of Maps, 16 (2), pp. 28-35, 2019. |
Ecosystem services as commons? Book Chapter pp. 208-219, Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, 2019, ISBN: 978-1-138-06090-6. |
The role of environmental factors in ozone uptake of Pinus mugo Turra Journal Article Atmospheric Pollution Research, 10 (1), pp. 283-293, 2019, ISSN: 1309-1042. |
Bark necrotic disease in a beech thicket Journal Article Plant Protection Science, 55 (3), pp. 181-190, 2019, ISSN: 1212-2580. |
Using of spruce needle extractives as protection agent against insects attack Journal Article Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design, 28 , pp. 96-101, 2019, ISSN: 1857-8489. |
Go to the city: urban invasions of four pipistrelle bat species in eastern Slovakia Journal Article European Journal of Ecology, 5 (1), pp. 23-26, 2019, ISSN: 1339-8474. |
Spalné teplo základných frakcií nadzemnej biomasy smreka (Picea abies L. KARST.) [Calorific value of basic fractions of above-ground biomass for Norway spruce (Picea abies L. KARST.)] Journal Article Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 64 (4), pp. 224-230, 2019, ISSN: 0322-9688. |
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry based identification of the fish gut microbiota Journal Article Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 9 (1), pp. 151-155, 2019, ISSN: 1338-5178. |
K hniezdnemu výskytu kôrovníka krátkoprstého (Certhia brachydactyla) v lesoch západnej časti Cerovej vrchoviny (južné Slovensko) Journal Article Tichodroma : ornitologický časopis, 31 , pp. 1-10, 2019, ISSN: 1337-026X. |
Prechádzky slovenskou prírodou Book AlleGro Plus, 2019, ISBN: 978-80-973087-9-7. |
2018 |
Peľ a včelie peľové obnôžky z niektorých druhov rastlín Book Chapter Brindza, J; Motyleva, S (Ed.): Chapter 4, pp. 147, Slovenská poľnohospodárska univerzita v Nitre, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, FarmersEduca, 2018, ISBN: 978-80-552-1862-5. |
European Journal of Forest Research, 138 (1), pp. 79-92, 2018, ISSN: 1612-4669. |
Understanding social innovation for the well-being of forest-dependent communities: A preliminary theoretical framework Journal Article Forest Policy and Economics, 97 , pp. 163-174, 2018, ISSN: 1389-9341. |
Grading of blight resistance in different chestnut accessions. Journal Article Acta Horticulturae, 1220 , pp. 87-94, 2018, ISSN: 05677572. |
Individual resistance of Fraxinus angustifolia and F. excelsior clones to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus Journal Article Journal of Plant Protection Research, 58 (3), pp. 227-233, 2018, ISSN: 1427-4345. |
The Factors Influencing Seasonal Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Stable Fly Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera, Muscidae) within Stables Journal Article Insects, 9 (4), 2018, ISSN: 2075-4450. |
Powdery mildew of California poppy caused by Erysiphe eschscholziae in Mexico Journal Article Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 40 (3), pp. 461-466, 2018, ISSN: 0706-0661 . |
Two blue-stain fungi colonizing Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees infested by bark beetles in Slovakia, Central Europe Journal Article Biologia, 73 (11), pp. 1053-1066, 2018, ISSN: 0006-3088. |
From leaf to continent: The multi-scale distribution of an invasive cryptic pathogen complex on oak Journal Article Fungal Ecology, 36 , pp. 39-50, 2018, ISSN: 1754-5048. |
Ektomykorízne makromycéty v monokultúrnych smrečinách rôzneho veku na bývalej poľnohospodárskej pôde – zhodnotenie za rok 2016 Journal Article Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 63 (3), pp. 195-205, 2018. |
Alterations in wood and bark structure of apple tree (Malus domestica) caused by Neonectria ditissima fungus Journal Article Acta Facultatis Xylologiae, 60 (1), pp. 5-12, 2018. |
Mycobiota in dead and damaged branches of silver birch in Slovakia Journal Article Baltic Forestry, 24 (1), pp. 17-23, 2018, ISSN: 1392-1355. |
Screening for resistance of progenies derived from Castanea sativa × C. crenata and C. crenata to Cryphonectria parasitica Journal Article Forest Pathology, 48 (5), pp. e12439, 2018, ISSN: 1439-0329. |
Fungal Planet description sheets: 716-784 Journal Article Persoonia, 40 , pp. 240-393, 2018, ISSN: 1878-9080. |
European Hodophilus (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) species with yellow stipe Journal Article Mycological Progress, 17 (9), pp. 1097-1111, 2018, ISSN: ISSN: 1861-8952 . |
The potential of Beauveria bassiana inoculum formulated into a polymeric matrix for a microbial control of spruce bark beetle Journal Article Biocontrol Science and Technology, 28 (7), pp. 718-735, 2018, ISSN: 1360-0478. |
Structure of fungal communities (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) in Western Carpathian submontane forest stands under different managements Journal Article Mycosphere, 9 (6), pp. 1053-1072, 2018. |
Needle blight caused by Dothistroma pini in Slovakia: distribution, host range and mating types Journal Article Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 33 (7), pp. 650-656, 2018, ISSN: 1651-1891. |
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 155 , pp. 52-54, 2018, ISSN: 0022-2011. |
Microscopic fungi isolated from different Slovak grape varieties Journal Article Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 12 (1), pp. 438-443, 2018, ISSN: 1337-0960. |
Species diversity of fungi on damaged branches and leaves of ashes (Fraxinus spp.) in different types of stands in Slovakia Journal Article Central European Forestry Journal, 64 (2), pp. 133-139, 2018, ISSN: 0323-1046. |
Ecohydrology, 11 (6), 2018, ISSN: 1936-0584. |
The hosts and geographic range of Dothistroma needle blight in Slovakia Journal Article Forest Pathology, 48 (3), pp. e12421, 2018, ISSN: 1437-4781. |
Spiders of Slovakia Book VEDA, 2018, ISBN: 978-80-224-1618-4. |
In planta bioassay on the effects of endophytic Beauveria strains against larvae of horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella) Journal Article Biological Control, 121 , pp. 88-98, 2018, ISSN: 1049-9644. |
Biologia, 73 (1), pp. 53-65, 2018, ISSN: 1336-9563. |
Identification and characterization of the fungus Dothiorella sarmentorum on necrotic shoots of declining ash in Slovakia Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 45 (1), pp. 53-57, 2018, ISSN: 1336-5266. |
Bioacoustics , pp. 1-14, 2018. |
History and environment shape species pools and community diversity in European beech forests Journal Article Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2 (3), pp. 483-490, 2018, ISSN: 2397-334X. |
Response of fungal and plant communities to management-induced overstorey changes in montane forests of the Western Carpathians Journal Article European Journal of Forest Research, 137 (2), pp. 169-183, 2018, ISSN: 1612-4669. |
Early stage litter decomposition across biomes Journal Article Science of the Total Environment, 628-629 (1), pp. 1369-1394, 2018, ISSN: 0378-1127. |
Cooperative nest‐defence behaviour and territory quality in a resident and socially monogamous passerine Journal Article Ethology, 124 (7), pp. 514-526, 2018, ISSN: 1439-0310. |
Altitude of origin influences the responses of PSII photochemistry to heat waves in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Journal Article Environmental and Experimental Botany, 152 , pp. 97-106, 2018, ISSN: 00988472. |
Adaptive variation in physiological traits of beech provenances in Central Europe Journal Article iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry, 11 (1), pp. 24-31, 2018. |
Why sampling ratio matters: Logistic regression and studies of habitat use Journal Article PloS ONE, 13 (7), pp. e0200742, 2018. |
Watermelon leaf antioxidant defence under sea-like water irrigation differs with growth vigour Journal Article Agrochimica, 62 (1), pp. 47-54, 2018. |
Can late flushing trees avoid attack by moth larvae in temperate forests? Journal Article Plant Protection Science, 54 , pp. 272-283, 2018, ISSN: 12122580. |
Foraging Habitat, Home-Range Size and Diet of a Mediterranean Bat Species, Savi's Pipistrelle Journal Article Acta Chiropterologica, 20 (2), pp. 351-360, 2018. |
K poznaniu mykoflóry dvoch lesných porastov s rôznym zastúpením smreka v CHKO-BR Poľana Journal Article Natura Carpatica, (59), pp. 25-33, 2018, ISBN: 978-80-89093-53-3. |
Analýza energetických bilancí pěstování pěti odrůd řepy [Analysing energy balances of cultivation of five sugar beet varieties] Journal Article Listy cukrovarnické a řepařské, 134 (12), pp. 404-408, 2018. |
Soil and Water Research, 13 (3), pp. 139–149, 2018, ISSN: 1801-5395. |
Differences in photochemistry and response to heat stress between silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) provenances Journal Article Trees-Structure and Function, 32 (1), pp. 73-76, 2018, ISSN: 0931-1890. |
Veronico beccabungae-Mimuletum guttati, a new plant community in Slovakia Journal Article Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 87 (3), pp. 1-10, 2018, ISSN: 0001-6977. |
Overwintering of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Scots pine in Central Europe Journal Article European Journal of Entomology, 115 , pp. 658-667, 2018, ISSN: 1210-5759. |
Use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in rapid identification of Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria pseudobassiana Journal Article Journal of Central European Agriculture, 19 (2), pp. 394-407, 2018, ISSN: 1332-9049. |
Sordaria fimicola-like ascomycete isolated from Pinus coulteri needles in Slovakia Journal Article Biologia, 73 (6), pp. 553-559, 2018, ISSN: ISSN 0006-3088. |
2017 |
Hypoderma rubi on two new hosts in Slovakia Journal Article Mycotaxon, 132 (4), pp. 849–855, 2017, ISSN: 0093-4666. |
Delimitation of European Crepidotus stenocystis as different from the North American species C. brunnescens (Crepidotaceae, Agariccales) Journal Article Phytotaxa, 328 (2), pp. 127-139, 2017, ISSN: 1179-3163. |
Energy production analysis of Common Reed – Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Journal Article Folia Oecologica, 44 (2), pp. 107-113, 2017, ISSN: 1336-5266. |
Polish Journal of Ecology, 65 (3), pp. 339-351, 2017, ISSN: 2450-1395. |
Two interesting wetland plant communities from the Ipeľ River inundation area, including the first record of Elatinetum alsinastrum in Slovakia Journal Article Thaiszia, 27 (2), pp. 73-82, 2017, ISSN: 1210-0420. |
Influence of different forest protection strategies on spruce tree mortality during a bark beetle outbreak Journal Article Annals of Forest Science, 74 , 2017, ISSN: 1297-966X. |
Response of ground-dwelling harvestman assemblages (Arachnida: Opiliones) to European beech forest canopy cover Journal Article European Journal of Entomology, (114), pp. 334-342, 2017. |
Zoologischer Anzeiger, (267), pp. 8-14, 2017. |
Hodophilus (Clavariaceae, Agaricales) species with dark dots on the stipe: more than one species in Europe Journal Article Mycological Progress, 16 (8), pp. 811–821, 2017, ISSN: 1861-8952 . |
Vestnik zoologii, 51 (3), pp. 259-270, 2017. |
Lignicolous macromycetes in spruce monocultures at Vrch Dobroč locality (Central Slovakia) Journal Article Catathelasma, (18), pp. 5-17, 2017. |
Haplotype diversity in common pipistrelle’s mass hibernacula from central Europe Journal Article Biologia (Bratislava), 72 (5), pp. 548-553, 2017, ISSN: 1336-9563. |
Lecanicillium attenuatum isolates affecting the invasive cypress aphid (Cinara cupressi) in Chile Journal Article BioControl, 62 (5), pp. 625-637, 2017, ISSN: 1386-6141. |
Interactions between windthrow, bark beetles and forest management in the Tatra national parks Journal Article Forest Ecology and Management, 391 , pp. 349-361, 2017, ISSN: 03781127. |
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 242 , pp. 85-95, 2017. |
Natural infection of Fraxinus angustifolia by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in Slovakia Journal Article Baltic Forestry, 23 (1), pp. 52-55, 2017, ISSN: 2029-9230. |